Probing the Structural Elements of Polysaccharide Adjuvants for Enhancing Respiratory Mucosal Response: From Surmounting Multi-Obstacles to Eliciting Cascade Immunity.

The immunomodulatory effects and excellent tolerability of polysaccharides make them optimal candidates for pulmonary vaccine adjuvants. Yet, the structure-immunostimulatory activity relationship of polysaccharides remains unrevealed. Here, we developed nanovaccines decorated with four polysaccharides of distinct structures─hyaluronic acid (HA), pectin (PC), chondroitin sulfate (SC), and heparan sulfate (SH)─all sharing similar particle sizes and zeta potential.

Evolution of lymphovascular space invasion in early-stage endometrial carcinoma: stratification, quantification, and clinical implications: a systematic review.

Purpose: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) represents the most prevalent malignancy of the female genital tract in the United States, with lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) recognized as a critical prognostic factor that significantly influences disease outcomes. This review aims to elucidate the evolving understanding of LVSI in early-stage EC, highlighting its implications for stratification, quantification, and clinical management.

Methods: A systematic review was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.

LncRNA GAS5 Regulates Myometrial cells Contractions In a m6A-Dependent Manner.

Background: LncRNAs are engaged in signaling pathways in human physiological and pathological states. However, LncRNAs mediate the onset of human labor still remains unknown.

Methods: RNA sequencing of lower segment myometrium (in labor vs.

Histone lactylation protects against sevoflurane-induced cognitive impairment by regulating YTHDF3/PRDX3 mediated microglial pyroptosis in neonatal mice.

Background: Sevoflurane (SEV), a widely used inhalational anesthetic, multiple SEV exposures has been implicated in cognitive impairment, particularly in neonates. However, the mechanisms underlying SEV-induced cognitive impairment not fully understood.

Methods: Neonatal mice or murine microglial line BV-2 cells were exposed to SEV.

Changes and predictors of resilience among wife and husband caregivers of patients with advanced cancer: A longitudinal study.

Background: Resilience as a dynamic process plays a significant role in caregivers' mental health. Little is known about gender differences in the resilience process and predictors of resilience in spousal caregivers.

Aim: To investigate changes in resilience among wives and husbands of patients with advanced cancer over a 6-month posttreatment period, and identify different predictors of resilience between females and males.

Jinkui Shenqi decoction targets PAD4 to restrain NETosis and ameliorates psoriasis progression.

Background: The underlying pathogenesis of psoriasis was attributed to insufficient kidney qi and blood stasis arising from impeded blood circulation. Jinkui Shenqi decoction (JKSQD), was renowned for its capacity to warm and tonify kidney yang, as well as to invigorate blood circulation. However, there remains a dearth of studies on its specific therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of psoriasis.

Healthcare resource utilization with adjunctive cariprazine and other atypical antipsychotics in patients with major depressive disorder.

Objective: Little is known about the healthcare resource utilization (HRU) associated with different adjunctive atypical antipsychotics (AAs) for the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). This analysis evaluated HRU in patients with MDD treated adjunctively with cariprazine versus other AAs.

Methods: Merative MarketScan databases were searched for claims made from 01/01/2018 to 12/31/2020 (Medicaid) or 3/31/2021 (commercial and Medicare).

Characterization of novel sialylation-associated microRNA signature for prognostic assessment in breast cancer and its implications for the tumor microenvironment.

Sialylation, a key post-translational modification essential for protein function, is regulated by steroid hormones, along with other glycosylations like fucosylation. These modifications influence tumor growth and metastasis by modulating immune activation. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), crucial in gene expression, affect sialylation and are emerging as promising biomarkers in breast cancer, though their prognostic value remains unclear.

Regulation of photosynthetic characteristics carbon and nitrogen metabolism and growth of maize seedlings by graphene oxide coating.

Maize seedlings in cold regions and high latitude often face abiotic stress. As a result, weak seedlings affect maize production, The commonly used seed coating agents in production are mainly to prevent biological stress of pests and diseases, and have little effect on seedling vigor and abiotic resistance. In this experiment, the combination of graphene oxide (GO) and seed coating agent can effectively prevent pests and diseases and increase the growth of seedlings.

Advances in Anesthesia Techniques for Postoperative Pain Management in Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery: An Expert Opinion.

Minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) often leads to severe postoperative pain. At present, multimodal analgesia schemes for MICS have attracted much attention, and the application of various chest wall analgesia techniques is becoming increasingly widespread. However, research on anesthesia techniques for postoperative pain management in MICS remains relatively limited at present.

The impact of tamoxifen on apolipoproteins and lipoprotein(a) levels: an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The existing evidence regarding the impact of tamoxifen on lipoprotein(a) and apolipoproteins remains inconsistent. Therefore, this updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aims to enhance the quality of evidence concerning the effects of tamoxifen on these lipid parameters.

Methods: Eligible RCTs published up to October 2024 were meticulously selected through a comprehensive search.

Effect of COVID-19 infection on thyroid function status and clinical indexes among hypothyroid outpatients.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spread rapidly, leading to an Omicron outbreak in Shanghai in mid-December after adjustments to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) control strategy. To investigate the impact of COVID-19 infection among hypothyroid patients, we gathered data on the hypothyroid outpatients with COVID-19 infection during this time at the Thyroid Disease Center (TDC) of Shanghai Central Hospital. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether their hypothyroidism was caused by Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (HT): the HT and the non-HT group.

Activation of pregnane X receptor sensitizes alcoholic steatohepatitis by transactivating fatty acid binding protein 4.

Alcoholic steatohepatitis (ASH) is a liver disease characterized by steatosis, inflammation, and necrosis of the liver tissue as a result of excessive alcohol consumption. Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is a xenobiotic nuclear receptor best known for its function in the transcriptional regulation of drug metabolism and disposition. Clinical reports suggested that the antibiotic rifampicin, a potent human PXR activator, is a contraindication in alcoholics, but the mechanism was unclear.

Resilience in Chinese Spouses of Patients with Advanced Cancer: A Longitudinal Exploration.

Background: In China, spouses of patients with advanced cancer have reported experiencing psychological distress. However, little attention has been paid to the positive psychological health trajectories of these caregivers, particularly regarding their resilience and the factors influencing its development over time.

Purpose: To examine the trajectories of resilience in Chinese spousal caregivers over a nine-month post-treatment period and to identify the basic characteristics associated with these trajectory patterns.

Comparative assessment of vertical fracture resistance in endodontically treated roots with different obturating systems and techniques: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of in vitro studies.

Background: This study conducted a thorough assessment of vertical root fracture (VRF) resistance of endodontically treated teeth filled with various canal-filling systems and techniques through frequentist network meta-analysis (NMA).

Methods: A systematic literature search was performed to retrieve relevant publications using PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. The retrieval time range was from Jan 2000 to Sep 2023.

Evolving antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 antigenic shift from XBB to JN.1.

The continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2, particularly the emergence of the BA.2.86/JN.

Impact of Tigecycline on Coagulation in Severe Infections and Effect of Vitamin K1 Intervention: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis.

BACKGROUND Tigecycline is a tetracycline antibiotic used to treat gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial infections, and bleeding is a dose-dependent adverse effect. Vitamin K1 is a fat-soluble vitamin used to treat hemorrhagic conditions. This retrospective study from a single center included 920 patients treated with tigecycline for bacterial infections between January 2017 and December 2022 and aimed to evaluate the incidence of coagulopathy and the use of vitamin K1.

Effects of polyphenols extracted from Keemun black tea on CYP450s activity and molecular mechanisms.

Keemun black tea (KBT) is a luxurious traditional tea in China that has been commonly consumed because of its superior aroma and special taste. However, the risks remain unknown when KBT is used concomitantly with other drugs or food products. Therefore, we aimed to explore the effect of the tea polyphenols from KBT on the protein and mRNA levels of CYP450 and related mechanisms.

Omicron-specific ultra-potent SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies targeting the N1/N2 loop of Spike N-terminal domain.

A multitude of functional mutations continue to emerge on the N-terminal domain (NTD) of the spike protein in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants. Understanding the immunogenicity of Omicron NTD and the properties of antibodies elicited by it is crucial for comprehending the impact of NTD mutations on viral fitness and guiding vaccine design. In this study, we find that most of NTD-targeting antibodies isolated from individuals with BA.

Prolonged Omicron-specific B cell maturation alleviates immune imprinting induced by SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine.

SARS-CoV-2 ancestral strain-induced immune imprinting poses great challenges to updating vaccines for new variants. Studies showed that repeated Omicron exposures could override immune imprinting induced by inactivated vaccines but not mRNA vaccines, a disparity yet to be understood. Here, we analyzed the immune imprinting alleviation in inactivated vaccine (CoronaVac) cohorts after a long-term period following breakthrough infections (BTI).