Publications by authors named "Haiyan Chu"

The Tibetan Plateau contains the world's largest area of alpine wetlands, where coexisting water and sediment environments provide habitats for multitrophic microbial communities. However, the microbial food web (MFW) of coexisting water and sediment in wetland ecosystems and their responses to environmental changes remain unclear. In this study, we investigated MFWs (including archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes) across 21 paired samples from alpine wetlands on the Tibetan Plateau along a salinity gradient.

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CAR T cells therapies have demonstrated success in treating hematologic malignancies, but have proven less effective in eradicating solid tumors. While suppressive immune cells may contribute to reduced CAR T cell efficacies in malignant masses, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are also believed to facilitate tumor survival by secreting growth factors, immunosuppressive cytokines, and extracellular matrix components that inhibit drug and immune cell filtration and facilitate metastasis. In an effort to eliminate both CAFs and cancer cells simultaneously, we have employed a universal CAR T cell that can attack both cell types when supplemented with appropriate bispecific adapters.

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Mycotoxins, a category of fungal secondary metabolites, frequently contaminate food products and pose a severe threat to human health. Aspergillus, a genus of fungi, is capable of producing mycotoxins, with aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxins being its principal types. Aspergillus mycotoxins can contaminate a wide range of crops and their derivatives, such as maize, wheat, rice, minor cereals, and peanuts, thereby threatening food and feed safety.

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Fine particulate matter (PM) has been identified as a significant contributing factor to the exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It has been observed that PM may induce lung fibrosis in COPD, although the precise molecular mechanism behind this remains unclear. In a previous study, we demonstrated that PM upregulates oxidative stress induced growth inhibitor 1 (OSGIN1), which in turn leads to injury in airway epithelial cells, thereby, suggesting a potential link between PM exposure and COPD.

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  • Cigarette smoking directly increases mutation burden in bladder cancer, specifically affecting driver mutations like RB1, which sees a twofold increase in mutation rates among smokers under 65 years.
  • The study utilized various genomic databases and experiments to analyze how these mutations influence tumor growth and the immune environment in bladder cancer patients.
  • Findings indicate that RB1 mutations hinder the cytochrome P450 pathway and alter immune cell interactions, potentially enhancing cancer development linked to smoking.
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  • Understanding how antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) spread in wildlife is important for the health of humans and animals, emphasizing the "One Health" approach.
  • A study of Brandt's vole shows a high diversity of ARGs in their gut microbiota, with significant differences based on geographic location and environmental factors.
  • Analysis revealed that host genetics, temperature, and pollutants like Bisphenol A significantly influence the gut microbiota, which in turn affects the diversity of ARGs, highlighting complex interactions in natural settings.
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Unlabelled: Plant-associated microbial communities play important roles in agricultural productivity, and their composition has been shown to vary across plant compartments and developmental stages. However, the response of microbial communities within different plant compartments and at different developmental stages to diverse long-term fertilization treatments, as well as their linkages with crop yields, remains underexplored. This study analyzed wheat-associated bacterial communities within various soil and plant compartments under three fertilization treatments throughout the vegetative and reproductive phases.

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As a pervasive microbial aggregate found at the water-soil interface in paddy fields, periphyton plays crucial roles in modulating nutrient biogeochemical cycling. Consequently, it effectively mitigates non-point source pollution due to its diverse composition. Despite its significance, the mechanisms governing periphyton diversity across different rice planting regions remain poorly understood.

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  • Chlorinated organophosphate flame retardants (Cl-OPFRs) are commonly found in the environment and living organisms, but their harmful effects and how they operate biologically are not well understood.* -
  • This study applies the adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework to explore the health risks of Cl-OPFRs, revealing significant multi-system toxicity, especially regarding reproductive health and potential toxic mechanisms.* -
  • Findings from this research contribute to better understanding the dangers of Cl-OPFRs, which can aid in developing targeted risk assessments and appropriate regulatory measures for public health.*
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  • The Microbiome Protocols eBook (MPB) connects researchers by providing essential protocols for microbiome experiments and data analysis.
  • The first edition, released in 2020, included 152 well-organized protocols and received positive feedback from the scientific community.
  • Researchers are now encouraged to contribute their own protocols for the upcoming 2nd edition to help further microbiome research.
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  • The gene C1GALT1 is linked to gastric cancer, with specific genetic variant rs35999583 G>C shown to potentially influence cancer risk based on a study using genetic data.
  • Higher C1GALT1 mRNA levels were found in gastric tumors compared to normal tissues, linked to poorer patient survival rates.
  • The research suggests that variations in C1GALT1 could serve as a predictor for gastric cancer risk and may also relate to immune cell activity in the tumor environment.
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Pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) is an integral part of the innate immune system of many eukaryotic hosts, assisting in the defence against pathogen invasions. In plants and animals, PTI exerts a selective pressure on the microbiota that can alter community composition. However, the effect of PTI on the microbiota for non-model hosts, including seaweeds, remains unknown.

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Tobacco carcinogens metabolism-related genes (TCMGs) could generate reactive metabolites of tobacco carcinogens, which subsequently contributed to multiple diseases. However, the association between genetic variants in TCMGs and bladder cancer susceptibility remains unclear. In this study, we derived TCMGs from metabolic pathways of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and tobacco-specific nitrosamines, and then explored genetic associations between TCMGs and bladder cancer risk in two populations: a Chinese population of 580 cases and 1101 controls, and a European population of 5930 cases and 5468 controls, along with interaction and joint analyses.

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Flagellar motility is a key bacterial trait as it allows bacteria to navigate their immediate surroundings. Not all bacteria are capable of flagellar motility, and the distribution of this trait, its ecological associations, and the life history strategies of flagellated taxa remain poorly characterized. We developed and validated a genome-based approach to infer the potential for flagellar motility across 12 bacterial phyla (26 192 unique genomes).

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The relationships between α-diversity and ecosystem functioning (BEF) have been extensively examined. However, it remains unknown how spatial heterogeneity of microbial community, i.e.

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Bacterial secondary metabolites serve as an important source of molecules for drug discovery. They also play an important function in mediating the interactions of microbial producers with their living environment and surrounding organisms. However, little is known about the genetic novelty, distribution, and community-level impacts of soil bacterial biosynthetic potential on a large geographic scale.

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Viruses are crucial in shaping soil microbial functions and ecosystems. However, studies on soil viromes have been limited in both spatial scale and biome coverage. Here we present a comprehensive synthesis of soil virome biogeographic patterns using the Global Soil Virome dataset (GSV) wherein we analysed 1,824 soil metagenomes worldwide, uncovering 80,750 partial genomes of DNA viruses, 96.

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Nitrogen (N) deposition resulting from anthropogenic activities poses threats to ecosystem stability by reducing plant and microbial diversity. However, the role of soil microbes, particularly arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), as mediators of N-induced shifts in plant diversity remains unclear. In this study, we conducted 6 and 11 years of N addition field experiments in a temperate steppe to investigate AMF richness and network stability and their associations with plant species richness in response to N deposition.

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  • - The study investigates the exposure to cadmium (Cd), a toxic heavy metal, particularly its impact on kidney function in the Chinese population, highlighting its significant presence in both diet and cigarette smoke.
  • - An aggregate exposure pathway framework was used, revealing that 96.5% of Cd intake in nonsmokers and 62.5% in smokers is from dietary sources, with exposure also detected in blood and urine.
  • - The findings show a strong correlation between Cd levels in the blood and urine with markers of kidney damage, emphasizing the need for measures to control Cd exposure to protect renal health.
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Microbial interactions are key to maintaining soil biodiversity. However, whether negative or positive associations govern the soil microbial system at a global scale remains virtually unknown, limiting our understanding of how microbes interact to support soil biodiversity and functions. Here, we explored ecological networks among multitrophic soil organisms involving bacteria, protists, fungi, and invertebrates in a global soil survey across 20 regions of the planet and found that positive associations among both pairs and triads of soil taxa governed global soil microbial networks.

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Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway genes influence tumorigenesis and immune status. However, the associations between genetic variants in hypoxia-related genes and colorectal cancer risk and the immune status of hypoxia-associated genes in colorectal cancer have not been systematically characterized. The associations between genetic variants and colorectal cancer risk were evaluated in Chinese, Japanese and European populations using logistic regression analysis.

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Aberrant alternative polyadenylation (APA) events play an important role in cancers, but little is known about whether APA-related genetic variants contribute to the susceptibility to bladder cancer. Previous genome-wide association study performed APA quantitative trait loci (apaQTL) analyses in bladder cancer, and identified 17 955 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We found that gene symbols of APA affected by apaQTL-associated SNPs were closely correlated with cancer signaling pathways, high mutational burden, and immune infiltration.

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Objective: Sialic acid is a terminal monosaccharide of glycans in glycoproteins and glycolipids, and its derivation from glucose is regulated by the rate-limiting enzyme UDP-GlcNAc 2-epimerase/ManNAc kinase (GNE). Although the glycans on key endogenous hepatic proteins governing glucose metabolism are sialylated, how sialic acid synthesis and sialylation in the liver influence glucose homeostasis is unknown. Studies were designed to fill this knowledge gap.

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