Glucose Fluctuation Inhibits Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Hippocampal Tissues and Exacerbates Cognitive Impairment in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Background: This research investigated whether glucose fluctuation (GF) can exacerbate cognitive impairment in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and explored the related mechanism.

Methods: After 4 weeks of feeding with diets containing high fats plus sugar, the rat model of diabetes mellitus (DM) was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Then, GF was triggered by means of alternating satiety and starvation for 24 h.

Orthostatic Hypotension Promotes the Progression From Mild Cognitive Impairment to Dementia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Context: In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with cognition, but the mechanisms governing the link between OH and cognition are still unclear.

Objective: We sought to analyze Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers and the part of complement proteins in modulating the association of OH with cognitive impairment and examine whether OH could accelerate the clinical progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia in T2DM.

Methods: We recruited patients with T2DM with MCI and collected general healthy information and blood samples.

A case of hypophysis with HIV negative cryptococcal meningitis.

The clinical mortality of cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is high. There is no report of hypopituitarism associated with HIV negative CM so far. The patients with hypopituitarism complicated with CM are easy to be misdiagnosed and mistreated.

Relationship between acute glucose variability and cognitive decline in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cognitive decline is one of the most widespread chronic complications of diabetes, which occurs in more than half of the patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Emerging evidences have suggested that glucose variability (GV) is associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. However, the influence of acute GV on cognitive dysfunction in T2DM is still controversial.

Complement proteins in serum astrocyte-derived exosomes are associated with mild cognitive impairment in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients.

Background: The complement system plays a crucial role in cognitive impairment. The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the complement proteins levels in serum astrocyte-derived exosomes (ADEs) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the patients with immune-mediated T1DM were enrolled.

Blood Neuroexosomal Mitochondrial Proteins Predict Alzheimer Disease in Diabetes.

There is accumulating evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with the contribution of diabetes to Alzheimer disease (AD) progression. Neuronal mitochondrial proteins are found in plasma neuronal-derived exosomes (NDEs) at levels that reflect those in brain neurons. Here, we tested the performance of mitochondrial proteins in plasma NDEs to predict cognitive decline and brain injury in participants with diabetes.

Novel predictor of the occurrence of DKA in T1DM patients without infection: A combination of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and white blood cells.

The role of inflammation has been identified in the pathogenesis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and white blood cells (WBC) can be used to predict a systemic inflammatory response. Changes in NLR and WBC levels have never been explored in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients with DKA and an uninfected state.

Altered Amyloid-β and Tau Proteins in Neural-Derived Plasma Exosomes of Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Orthostatic Hypotension.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests a role for orthostatic hypotension (OH) in contributing to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The exosomes in the blood can reflect the pathological changes in the brain.

Objective: To investigate whether neural-derived plasma exosomes pathogenic proteins of AD levels are associated with OH in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients.

Integrated In Silico-In Vitro Identification and Optimization of Bone Morphogenic Protein-2 Armpit Epitope as Its Antagonist Binding Site.

Bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) is the most documented member of BMP family and plays a crucial role in bone formation and growth. In this study, we systematically analyze and compare the complex crystal structures and interaction properties of BMP-2 with its cognate receptors BMPR-I/BMPR-II and with its natural antagonist crossveinless-2 (CV-2) using an integrated in silico-in vitro strategy. It is found that the antagonist-binding site is not fully overlapped with the two receptor-binding sites on BMP-2 surface; the antagonist can competitively disrupt BMP-2-BMPR-II interaction using a blocking-out-of-site manner, but has no substantial influence on BMP-2-BMPR-I interaction.

Effects of orthostatic hypotension on cognition in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of a decrease in blood pressure (BP) fulfilling the diagnostic criteria for orthostatic hypotension (OH) on performance in each domain of cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using a cross-sectional and within-group design.

Methods: Subjects were individuals without dementia and with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including 107 individuals without OH and 94 with OH (DMOH); 95 control participants were also included. BP was assessed in both the supine and standing positions.

Effect of curcumin on glucose and lipid metabolism, FFAs and TNF-α in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus rat models.

Objective: To investigate how curcumin affects the glucose and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) rat models, and to explore its effect on the free fatty acid (FFA) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in serum.

Methods: Successfully established type 2 DM rats were divided into three groups, i.e.

[Clinical features, levels of protein carbonyl in serum of obstrucitive sleep apnea syndrome with type 2 diabetes mellitus].

Objective: To explore the prevalence, clinical feature and levels of protein carbonyl (PCO) in serum of type 2 diabetes mellitus combining obstrucitive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAHS).

Method: Two hundred and three patients with type 2 diabetes were taken multi lead sleep detection and their AHI, age, height, body mass index (BMI),waistline, duration of diabetes, fast blood glucose, HbA1c level and level of PCO in serum were recorded.

Result: The prevalence of OSAHS was 79.

[Effect of selenium on serum TGAb, TMAb, FT3, FT4 and TSH of rats with excessive intake of iodine].

Objective: To investigate the effect of selenium on the TGAb, TMAb, FT3, FT4 and TSH level of rats with excessive intake of iodine.

Methods: Wistar rats were divided into three groups by random:normal control, high iodine group and high iodine plus selenium group. Rats in the high iodine plus selenium group were lavaged with sodium selenite for 10 weeks.

[Effect of freeze-thaw treatment on characteristics and dewaterability of sewage river sediment].

This research employed the freeze-thaw treatment method under nature and manual condition to reduce the moisture content of the contaminated sewage river sediment, thus reduce the secondary pollution to environment during remediation of sewage river. Experimental results show that the freeze-thaw treatment influences the sediment dewaterability and characteristics, such as specific resistance to filtration, moisture content, granule distribution, pollutant content of leachate. After freeze-thaw treatment, the surface area of the sediment became decreased, average granule diameter increased and the solid and water separated clearly.