Integrated Multi-Omics and Whole Slide Images for Survival Prediction in Glioblastoma Using Multiple Instance Learning and Co-Attention.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive adult brain tumor and presents significant treatment challenges due to its poor prognosis and heterogeneity. Despite the rapid development of deep learning, integrating multi-omics with whole slide images (WSIs) for survival prediction remains difficult. This study aims to improve GBM prognosis by integrating WSIs with multi-omic data through the incorporation of biological pathway knowledge.

Urea treatment causes significant changes in microbial composition and associated metabolism of corn stover and rice straw.

Objective: Urea ammoniation is one of the more effective ways for straw feed utilization. Current research on urea ammoniation has focused on chemical reactions in the process of ammoniating straw, neglecting the microbial-driven process.

Methods: This study aims to examine the effects of 2% and 4% urea on bacteria and fungi and their metabolites and fermentation quality of corn stover and rice straw under 40% and 60% moisture conditions.

Applications of digital health technologies and artificial intelligence algorithms in COPD: systematic review.

Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) represents a significant global health challenge, placing considerable burdens on healthcare systems. The rise of digital health technologies (DHTs) and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms offers new opportunities to improve COPD predictive capabilities, diagnostic accuracy, and patient management. This systematic review explores the types of data in COPD under DHTs, the AI algorithms employed for data analysis, and identifies key application areas reported in the literature.

Development of a quantitative index system for evaluating the quality of electronic medical records in disease risk intelligent prediction.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate a quantitative index system for evaluating the data quality of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in disease risk prediction using Machine Learning (ML).

Materials And Methods: The index system was developed in four steps: (1) a preliminary index system was outlined based on literature review; (2) we utilized the Delphi method to structure the indicators at all levels; (3) the weights of these indicators were determined using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method; and (4) the developed index system was empirically validated using real-world EMR data in a ML-based disease risk prediction task.

Results: The synthesis of review findings and the expert consultations led to the formulation of a three-level index system with four first-level, 11 second-level, and 33 third-level indicators.

Formyl peptide enhances cancer immunotherapy by activating antitumoral neutrophils, and T cells.

Neutrophils are heterogeneous and plastic, with the ability to polarize from antitumour to protumour phenotype and modulate tumour microenvironment components. While some advances have been made, the neutrophil-targeting therapy remains underexplored. Activation of formyl peptide receptors (FPRs) by formylated peptides is needed for local control of infection through the recruitment of activated neutrophils while the potential contribution of antitumour activity remains underexplored.

Solid self-emulsifying casein carrier for the improvement on the oral bioavailability of simvastatin.

Simvastatin (SV) is a statin drug that can effectively control cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular diseases. However, SV is water-insoluble, and poor oral bioavailability (<5 %). Solid self-emulsifying carrier system is more stable than liquid emulsions, facilitating to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs.

Effect of quantitative parameters of contrast-enhanced ultrasound on the long-term prognosis of patients with chronic coronary syndrome.

Background: Ultrasound is one of the most commonly used examination methods in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and is valuable in evaluating patient prognosis. Although contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can assess more in depth the vascular lesions of patients, there is still a lack of relevant research on the value of quantitative parameters of CEUS in predicting the long-term prognosis of patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS), thus, we designed this study.

Methods: From January 2016 to December 2017, a total of 473 patients with CCS admitted to Yueyang People's Hospital were retrospectively enrolled.

Integrated microbiology and metabolomic analysis reveal the improvement of rice straw silage quality by inoculation of Lactobacillus brevis.

Background: Ensiling technology holds promise for preserving and providing high-quality forage. However, the preservation of rice straw poses challenges due to its high lignocellulosic content and low water-soluble carbohydrate levels. Developing highly effective lactic acid bacteria (LAB) for rice straw silage remains a priority.

mRNA-based Vaccines Targeting the T-cell Epitope-rich Domain of Epstein Barr Virus Latent Proteins Elicit Robust Anti-Tumor Immunity in Mice.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with various malignancies and infects >90% of the global population. EBV latent proteins are expressed in numerous EBV-associated cancers and contribute to carcinogenesis, making them critical therapeutic targets for these cancers. Thus, this study aims to develop mRNA-based therapeutic vaccines that express the T-cell-epitope-rich domain of truncated latent proteins of EBV, including truncatedlatent membrane protein 2A (Trunc-LMP2A), truncated EBV nuclear antigen 1 (Trunc-EBNA1), and Trunc-EBNA3A.

Effectiveness Differences of Ranibizumab and Aflibercept Action in the Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy.

Objective: To compare the difference in the effectiveness of ranibizumab (LU) and aflibercept (AF) in the treatment of diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Methods: Ninety-four patients with DR admitted to Sunshine Union Hospital from August 2020 to February 2022 were selected for the study and were divided into LU group (n = 47) and AF group (n = 47) according to the random number table method. Both groups underwent 25G vitrectomy in our hospital, with LU injected into the vitreous before surgery in the LU group and AF in the AF group.

The effects of soil intake on the growth performance, rumen microbial community and tissue mineral deposition of German Mutton Merino sheep.

Soil ingestion by livestock is common in grazing ecosystems, but few studies have been conducted to assess its effect on the animal organism. The topic is worthy of attention because these potential effects are likely to be enriched in the food chain and interfere with animal and human health. In this study, we present an indoor feeding trial conducted based on a completely randomized design to comprehensively evaluate the effects of simulated soil ingestion during grazing on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microflora, and mineral deposition in the organs and tissues of sheep.

Grazing-induced cattle behaviour modulates the secondary production in a Eurasian steppe ecosystem.

Livestock-grassland interactions are among the most important relationships in grazed grassland ecosystems, where herbivores play a crucial role in plant community and ecosystem functions. However, previous studies primarily have focused on the responses of grasslands to grazing, with few focussing on the effects of livestock behaviour that in turn would influence livestock intake and primary and secondary productivity. Through a 2-year grazing intensity experiment with cattle in Eurasian steppe ecosystem, global positioning system (GPS) collars were used to monitor animal movements, where animal locations were recorded at 10-min intervals during the growing season.

Relationship Between Platelets and the Clinical Efficacy of Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells for HBV-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure and Liver Cirrhosis: A Preliminary Clinical Study.

Background: Previous studies have found that the production of platelets could enhance the therapeutic effects of stem cells. Nevertheless, there are still no articles reporting on the relationship between platelets and the clinical efficacy of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UCMSCs) for HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and liver cirrhosis (LC).

Methods: In this retrospective observational study, patients who met the criteria were included.

SegNet-based left ventricular MRI segmentation for the diagnosis of cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial infarction.

Objective: A set of cardiac MRI short-axis image dataset is constructed, and an automatic segmentation based on an improved SegNet model is developed to evaluate its performance based on deep learning techniques.

Methods: The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University collected 1354 cardiac MRI between 2019 and 2022, and the dataset was divided into four categories: for the diagnosis of cardiac hypertrophy and myocardial infraction and normal control group by manual annotation to establish a cardiac MRI library. On the basis, the training set, validation set and test set were separated.

The role and mechanism of NDST1/NULP1 regulating right ventricular hypertrophy in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.

Hypoxia leads to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH), causing right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). RVH becomes a significant and nonnegligible public health issue in the world. In our study, we successfully established the HPH rat model and found that RVH happened in HPH, and then we observed an increased inflammation response in the heart tissue of HPH-induced RVH rats.

Kallikrein-related peptidase-8 (KLK8) aggravated hypoxia-induced right ventricular hypertrophy by targeting P38 MAPK/P53 signaling pathway.

Right ventricular (RV) hypertrophy and further heart failure are major co-morbidities, resulting in the premature death of patients with hypoxic pulmonary hypertension (HPH). The regulatory effects of kallikrein-related peptidase (KLK) family members on cardiac function have been extensively studied. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the regulatory effects of KLK8 on RV hypertrophy caused by HPH have yet to be reported.

Finite versus Indefinite Nucleos(t)ide Analogue Therapy of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Exhibiting Negative HBsAg Levels after Treatment.

Aim: To determine whether a decrease in HBsAg to <0.05 IU/mL could be a criterion for cessation of finite nucleos(t)ide analogue (NUC) therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 6715 patients with CHB between January 1998 and May 2016.

Developing a framework for understanding health information behavior change from avoidance to acquisition: a grounded theory exploration.

Background: Health information avoidance is common in real life, but because it is not always conducive to health promotion and maintenance, people often actively switch to health information acquisition. Understanding this process of active change can facilitate intervention in unreasonable avoidance behaviors. However, studies so far have mostly focused on why and how avoidance takes place, little is known about the process of active change from avoidance to acquisition.

Associations of Parity With Change in Global Cognition and Incident Cognitive Impairment in Older Women.

Background: The evidence of the association between parity and risk of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia is mixed, and the relationship between parity and longitudinal cognitive changes is less clear. We investigated these issues in a large population of older women who were carefully monitored for development of MCI and probable dementia.

Methods: Using the Women's Health Initiative Memory Study, 7,100 postmenopausal women (mean age 70.

CODER: Knowledge-infused cross-lingual medical term embedding for term normalization.

Objective: This paper aims to propose knowledge-aware embedding, a critical tool for medical term normalization.

Methods: We develop CODER (Cross-lingual knowledge-infused medical term embedding) via contrastive learning based on a medical knowledge graph (KG) named the Unified Medical Language System, and similarities are calculated utilizing both terms and relation triplets from the KG. Training with relations injects medical knowledge into embeddings and can potentially improve their performance as machine learning features.

Down-regulation of microRNA-342-5p or Up-regulation of Wnt3a Inhibits Angiogenesis and Maintains Atherosclerotic Plaque Stability in Atherosclerosis Mice.

Evidence has demonstrated that microRNA-342-5p (miR-342-5p) is implicated in atherosclerosis (AS), but little is known regarding its intrinsic regulatory mechanisms. Here, we aimed to explore the effect of miR-342-5p targeting Wnt3a on formation of vulnerable plaques and angiogenesis of AS. ApoE mice were fed with high-fat feed for 16 w to replicate the AS vulnerable plaque model.

Correlation of effective hepatic blood flow with liver pathology in patients with hepatitis B virus.

Background And Aims: Effective hepatic blood flow (EHBF) decreases with liver disease progression, and identifying liver pathology is critical for patients with liver disease. This study was designed to elucidate the correlation between EHBF and liver pathology and explore the potential of EHBF for predicting the degree of liver pathology.

Methods: In this study, 207 patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) who underwent liver biopsy and indocyanine green (ICG) clearance tests were enrolled.