Emerging drivers of female bladder cancer: a pathway to precision prevention and treatment.

Purpose: Bladder cancer is a public health concern, with smoking and occupational exposure being major risk factors. However, specific risks in women, particularly hormonal, lifestyle, and environmental factors, are underexplored. This study aimed to assess these risk factors in women, focusing on smoking, occupational exposure, recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, and family history of cancer.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts-derived exosomal ZNF250 promotes the proliferation, migration, invasion, and immune escape of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by transcriptionally activating PD-L1.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a lethal form of liver cancer, and the tumor microenvironment, particularly cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), plays a critical role in its progression. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanism by which CAF-derived exosomes regulate the development of HCC. The study employed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for mRNA expression analysis and western blot analysis for protein expression detection.

Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons promotes the progression of low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: A population-based cohort study in China.

Low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1) is an early stage of cervical cancer development. Previously, we reported that exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) increases the risk of cervical precancerous lesions, especially in females with a high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection. However, the effects of PAHs on CIN1 progression remain unclear.

A randomized trial of Bacteroides fragilis 839 on preventing chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression and gastrointestinal adverse effects in breast cancer patients.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate the potential benefits of Bacteroides fragilis 839 (BF839), a next-generation probiotics, in reducing myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicity associated with chemotherapy in breast cancer patient.

Methods And Study Design: 40 women with early breast cancer were randomly assigned to the BF839 (n=20) or placebo (n=20) during the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (4 cycles of epirubicin 100mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 600mg/m2). Myelosuppression and gastrointestinal adverse effects were monitored in both groups.

A nomogram for predicting overall survival of breast cancer with regional lymph node metastasis in young women.

Background: Young breast cancer (YBC) patients demonstrate a heightened propensity for regional lymph node metastasis (RLNM) in contrast to cohorts across varying age demographics. The aim of our study was to identify clinicopathologic prognostic variables in YBC patients with RLNM and construct a practical and reliable nomogram for the prediction of overall survival (OS) using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.

Methods: Young individuals (≤40 years) with a diagnosis of breast cancer with RLNM were recognized from the SEER database between 2010 and 2015, and further randomly split into two cohorts: the training set (n=4,497) and the validation set (n=1,927).

Development and validation of a model to predict the risk of recurrence in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma after total laryngectomy.

Background: Recurrence is still the main obstacle to the survival of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients who have undergone a total laryngectomy. Previous models for recurrence prediction in patients with LSCC were based on pathological information, while the role of easily accessible inflammatory markers in the prognosis of LSCC patients has rarely been reported. This study sought to develop and validate a model to predict the risk of recurrence in LSCC patients who underwent total laryngectomy.

Prediction of prognosis, immune infiltration and immunotherapy response with N6-methyladenosine-related lncRNA clustering patterns in cervical cancer.

LncRNAs and tumor microenvironment (TME) exert an important effect in antitumor immunity. Nonetheless, the role of mA-related lncRNA clustering patterns in prognosis, TME and immunotherapy of cervical cancer (CC) remains unknown. Here, based on 7 mA-related prognostic lncRNAs obtained from TCGA-CC dataset, two mAlncRNA clustering patterns were determined.

Estimating Bidirectional Transitions and Identifying Predictors of Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background And Objectives: Various resources exist for treating mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia separately as terminal events or for focusing solely on a 1-way path from MCI to dementia without taking into account heterogeneous transitions. Little is known about the trajectory of reversion from MCI to normal cognition (NC) or near-NC and patterns of postreversion, which refers to cognitive trajectories of patients who have reversed from MCI to NC. Our objectives were to (1) quantitatively predict bidirectional transitions of MCI (reversion and progression), (2) explore patterns of future cognitive trajectories for postreversion, and (3) estimate the effects of demographic characteristics, , cognition, daily activity ability, depression, and neuropsychiatric symptoms on transition probabilities.

hnRNP E1 Regulates HPV16 Oncogene Expression and Inhibits Cervical Cancerization.

hnRNP E1 (heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1) is an important RNA-binding protein (RBPs) that plays a vital role in tumor development. Human papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) contains numerous sites that can bind to RNA/DNA and may be modified by multiple RBPs, which contribute to HPV gene expression and HPV-associated cancer development. However, the effects of hnRNP E1 on HPV16 oncogenes in the development of cervical lesions remain unclear.

mA-Related lncRNAs Are Potential Prognostic Biomarkers of Cervical Cancer and Affect Immune Infiltration.

The correlation of mA-related lncRNAs with the prognosis and immune microenvironment of cervical cancer is not yet clear. In this study, we identified 7 mA-related prognostic lncRNAs by Pearson correlation and univariate Cox regression analyses based on TCGA-cervical cancer dataset. Then, patients were divided into two clusters by consensus clustering based on the 7 mA-related prognostic lncRNA expression.

A novel therapy for granulomatous lobular mastitis: Local heat therapy.

Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a chronic inflammatory breast condition that is characterized by granulomatous inflammation. GLM remains a refractory disease due to its failure to respond to routine anti-inflammatory therapies and its high recurrence rate. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the application of local heat therapy in GLM as a potential therapeutic strategy.

A new nomogram for predicting the malignant diagnosis of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) ultrasonography category 4A lesions in women with dense breast tissue in the diagnostic setting.

Background: Biopsy has been recommended for Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 lesions. However, the malignancy rate of category 4A lesions is very low (2-10%). Therefore, most biopsies of category 4A lesions are benign, and the results will generally cause additional health care costs and patient anxiety.

Genotype-specific Distribution and Change of High-risk Human Papillomavirus Infection and the Association with Cervical Progression Risk in Women with Normal Pathology and Abnormal Cytology in a Population-based Cohort Study in China.

Women with normal pathology screened from abnormal cervical cytology are a special population with higher progression risk than women with normal cytology. However, the associations between genotype distribution and changes of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection and cervical progression risk in this special population remain unclear. A total of 1232 women with normal pathology screened from abnormal cervical cytology were enrolled into this cohort with 2-year follow-up.

Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for patients with triple-negative breast cancer with histology of infiltrating duct carcinoma.

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop prognostic nomograms from a cohort of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) with histology of infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC) by correlating their clinical and pathological parameters with the rates of disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed TNBC patients with histology of IDC at our institution between 2009 and 2012. Age, family history, menopausal status, surgery type, T stage, N stage, histological grade, vascular invasion, perineural invasion, cytokeratin 5/6 status, Ki-67 expression, and epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) status were analyzed.

Impact of intraoperative radiotherapy on the perioperative period of patients after breast-conserving surgery.

Background: To investigate the effect of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) in the perioperative period of patients after breast-conserving surgery (BCS).

Methods: The clinical data of 100 patients with early breast cancer undergoing breast-conserving surgery (BCS) followed by treatment with IORT using the Intrabeam system (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Oberkochen, Germany) (BCS + IORT group, n=100) between June 2016 and December 2019 were analyzed and compared with the data of 60 matched patients who only underwent breast-conserving therapy over the same period (BCS group, n=60). The surgical settings and postoperative acute complications between the groups were assessed.

Association between Vaginal Micro-environment Disorder and Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia in a Community Based Population in China.

There are other factors that contribute to cervical carcinogenesis except HPV infection. This study aimed to investigate the association between vaginal micro-environment factors, including HO, vaginal PH value, vagina cleanness, β-glucuronidase, coagulase, neuraminidase and leukocyte esterase and cervical intraeipithelial neoplasia (CIN). In total 1019 participants, including 623 normal cervical (NC) women, 303 patients with low-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1) and 93 patients with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3), were enrolled into the study.

Sam68 Promotes the Progression of Human Breast Cancer through inducing Activation of EphA3.

Background: Src associated with mitosis of 68 kDa (Sam68), is often highly expressed in human cancers. Overexpression of Sam68 has been shown to be correlated with poor survival prognosis in some cancer patients. However, little is known whether Sam68 plays a role in promoting metastasis in breast cancer.

Does the radiologist need to rescan the breast lesion to validate the final BI-RADS US assessment made on the static images in the diagnostic setting?

To assess whether radiologist needs to rescan the breast lesion to validate the final American College of Radiology (ACR) Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) ultrasonography (US) assessment made on the static images in the diagnostic setting. Image data on 1,070 patients with 1,070 category 3-5 breast lesions with a pathological diagnosis scanned between January and June 2016 were included. Both real-time and static image assessments were acquired for each lesion.

Applicability of graded prognostic assessment of lung cancer using molecular markers to lung adenocarcinoma patients with brain metastases.

Several scoring systems are available to estimate prognosis and assist in selecting treatment methods for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with brain metastasis, including recursive partitioning analysis (RPA), basic score for brain metastases (BS-BM), and diagnosis-specific graded prognostic assessment (DS-GPA). Lung-molGPA is an update of the DS-GPA that incorporates EGFR and/or ALK mutation status. The present study tested the applicability of these four indexes in 361 lung adenocarcinoma patients with brain metastasis.

Prognostic model for brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma identified with epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status.

Background: Several indices have been developed to predict survival of brain metastases (BM) based on prognostic factors. However, such models were designed for general brain metastases from different kinds of cancers, and prognostic factors vary between cancers and histological subtypes. Recently, studies have indicated that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status may be a potential prognostic biological factor in BM from lung adenocarcinoma.

Assessment of prognostic scores of brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutations.

The aim of this study was to analyze prognostic factors and evaluate the value of four prognostic scores including RPA, DS-GPA BS-BM, GGS for the EGFR mutant BM patients from lung adenocarcinoma treated with EGFR-TKI. Data of NSCLC were retrospectively reviewed from August 2010 to June 2015 using the medical database of Shanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital. Patients with BM from lung adenocarcinoma with mutant EGFR treated by EGFR-TKI or a combination of EGFR-TKI and WBRT were included.

Prognostic significance of Ki67 in Chinese women diagnosed with ER/HER2 breast cancers by the 2015 St. Gallen consensus classification.

Background: This study evaluated the distribution pattern of the Ki67-labeling index (LI) among patients at a Chinese breast cancer center, and analyzed its prognostic significance in the 2015 St Gallen consensus breast cancer classification, estrogen receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative(ER/HER2)subtype.

Methods: We classified 939 women with ER/HER2 breast cancer into three groups by Ki67-LI levels, and followed their clinicopathologic characteristics and prognoses.

Results: In the 939 eligible subjects, 342 had Ki67-LI ≤10% (Ki67), 281 had Ki67-LI between 10 and 30% (Ki67), and 316 had Ki67-LI ≥30% (Ki67).

Correlation between status of epidermal growth factor receptor mutation and distant metastases of lung adenocarcinoma upon initial diagnosis based on 1063 patients in China.

The study aimed to explore the correlations between status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and distant metastases. A total of 1063 patients with lung adenocarcinoma indentified with status of EGFR mutations from August 2010 to May 2015 at Shanxi Cancer Hospital were enrolled. 456 patients were confirmed with EGFR mutations.

The Peripheral Blood Neutrophil-To-Lymphocyte Ratio Is Superior to the Lymphocyte-To-Monocyte Ratio for Predicting the Long-Term Survival of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients.

Purpose: The peripheral hematologic parameters of patients can be prognostic for many malignant tumors, including breast cancer, although their value has not been investigated among the different molecular subtypes of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to examine the prognostic significance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in different molecular subtypes of breast cancer.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 1570 operable breast cancer patients was recruited between January 2000 and December 2010.