Recent Advance on Biological Activity and Toxicity of Arecoline in Edible Areca (Betel) Nut: A Review.

Areca nut ( L. AN), which is the dried, mature seed of the palm species L., is consumed by over 600 million individuals, predominantly in South Asia, East Africa, and certain regions of the tropical Pacific.

CDK6-mediated endothelial cell cycle acceleration drives arteriovenous malformations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Increased endothelial cell proliferation is a hallmark of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Here, we report a cyclin-dependent kinase 6 (CDK6)-driven mechanism of cell cycle deregulation involved in endothelial cell proliferation and HHT pathology. Specifically, endothelial cells from the livers of HHT mice bypassed the G1/S checkpoint and progressed through the cell cycle at an accelerated pace.

Imperata cylindrica polysaccharide ameliorates intestinal dysbiosis and damage in hyperuricemic nephropathy.

In this study, a combination of adenine and potassium oxonate was utilized to establish a hyperuricemic nephropathy (HN) mouse model, aiming to elucidate the effect through which Imperata Cylindrica polysaccharide (ICPC-a) ameliorates HN. In HN mice, an elevation in the abundance of Erysipelatoclostridium, Enterococcus, Prevotella, and Escherichia-Shigella was observed, whereas Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium declined. Additionally, the systemic reductions in the levels of acetate, propionate, and butyrate, along with a significant increase in indole content, were noted.

Interpenetrated In(III)-MOF with Multiple Recognition Sites for Single-Step Ethylene Purification.

An interpenetrated indium(III) metal-organic framework (MOF), , with a rarely reported tetrameric indium cluster is developed for streamlining ethylene purification from C2 gases. At 298 K, the adsorption capacities exhibited a complete reversal sequence of CH > CH > CH. Grand canonical Monte Carlo simulation indicated that the corners in a octahedral cage facilitated the CH/CH separation, while the pocket-like aperture situated between adjacent octahedral cages allows for full contact of CH.

Direct Ethylene Purification from a Four-Component Gas Mixture by a Microporous MOF with Aromatic Pore Surface and Carboxylates.

The single-step purification of ethylene (CH) from a mixture of carbon dioxide (CO), acetylene (CH), ethylene (CH), and ethane (CH) was achieved through MOF , where the aromatic pore surface and carboxylates selectively recognized CH and CO, respectively, resulting in a reversal of the adsorption orders for both gases (CH > CH and CO > CH). Breakthrough testing verified that the CH purification ability could be enhanced 2.6 times after adding impure CO.

Flow Channel with Wrinkles and Calcium Sites in a Ca-MOF for Direct One-Step Ethylene Purification from C2 Gases and MTO Products Separation.

The strategy of flow channel with wrinkles and calcium sites for single-step CH purification from C2 gases and methanol-to-olefins (MTO) products separation was realized in . The adsorption amounts showed a total reversal order of CH > CH > CH > CH at 298 K. Modeling indicated that the wrinkles and Ca facilitated the full contact of CH and CH.

Tuning Multiple Counter-Anions in Porous Coordination Polymers with Topology for Acetylene/Ethylene Separation.

The efficient separation of acetylene (CH) and ethylene (CH) is an important and complex process in the industry. Herein, we report a new family of -topologic coordination frameworks (termed to ) with CuMF (M = Si, Ti, and Zr) nodes. These charged frameworks are compensated by different counterbalanced ions (MF, BF, and Cl), yielding changes in the size of the window apertures.

Flow Channel with Recognition Corners in a Stable La-MOF for One-Step Ethylene Production.

Single-step ethylene (CH) production from acetylene (CH), ethylene (CH), and ethane (CH) mixtures was realized via the strategy of a flow channel with recognition corners in MOF . Both the uptake amounts and the enthalpy of adsorption () showed the same order of CH > CH > CH. Breakthrough testing also verified the above data and the CH purification ability.

Expanding MOF with Unexpanded Channel via Ketone Decorated Ligand for Ethylene Purification and Stability Enhancement.

The concept of an expanding MOF with unexpanded channel size was realized in MOF by the utilization of a ketone-functional-group-decorated semirigid ligand and pillar-layer platform. After this unusual expansion, the preferential CH adsorption was preserved via the unchanged pore size, and the functional group was inserted into the MOF. Interestingly, the CH uptake ability, CH selective adsorption ability, and structural stability were obviously enhanced due to the incorporation of the ketone functional group, which were further verified by isosteric heats of adsorption (), GCMC modeling, and breakthrough experiments.

Creating an Ethane Trap in a Ketone-Decorated MOF for One-Step Ethylene Separation from C2 Hydrocarbons.

One-step CH purification from a mixture of CH/CH/CH by physical adsorption separation was realized via creating an ethane trap in MOF by the utilization of a ketone-decorated semirigid ligand, which has further been verified by the breakthrough experiment, isosteric heats of adsorption (), and Grand Canonical Monte Carlo (GCMC) modeling.

Construction of a Biomimetic Receptor Based on Hydrophilic Multifunctional Monomer Covalent Organic Framework Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Molecular Recognition of Cyanidin-3--Glucoside.

Anthocyanins (AOCs) are phenols that are readily soluble in water and are commonly present in plants. The chemical instability of AOC, however, causes it to be severely limited in terms of extraction and purification. Hence, in order to obtain efficient and stable extraction of AOC, we designed hydrophilic multifunctional monomer covalent organic framework molecularly imprinted polymers (HMCMIPs) as adsorbents.

Nanoparticle encapsulation using self-assembly abietic acid to improve oral bioavailability of curcumin.

This research constructed composite nanoparticles (NPs) using abietic acid (AA) as a carrier for significantly enhancing the bioavailability of curcumin (CCM). CCM-loaded AA NPs were synthesized using a low-energy microemulsification method, and the obtained nanoparticles had a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 458.66 nm, a narrow size distribution and a negative surface charge of -19.

CDK6-mediated endothelial cell cycle acceleration drives arteriovenous malformations in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia.

Increased endothelial cell (EC) proliferation is a hallmark of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). The underlying mechanism and disease relevance of this abnormal cell proliferative state of the ECs remain unknown. Here, we report the identification of a CDK6-driven mechanism of cell cycle progression deregulation directly involved in EC proliferation and HHT vascular pathology.

Structural analysis and attenuates hyperuricemic nephropathy of dextran from the Imperata cylindrica Beauv. var. major (Nees) C. E. Hubb.

ICPC-a was from the Imperata cylindrica with a molecular weight of 45 kDa, which was composed of α-D-1,3-Glcp and α-D-1,6-Glcp. The ICPC-a showed thermal stability, maintaining its structural integrity up to 220°C. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed its amorphous nature, while scanning electron microscopy revealed a layered morphology.

Fine-Tuning MOFs with Amino Group for One-Step Ethylene Purification from the C2 Hydrocarbon Mixture.

Due to the similar kinetic diameters of CH, CH, and CH, one-step purification of CH from a ternary CH/CH/CH mixture by adsorption separation is still a challenge. Based on a CH-trapping platform and crystal engineering strategy, the N atom and amino group were introduced into and , respectively. Gas adsorption testing of showed that both the CH and CH uptake capacities and the CH/CH separation ability were boosted compared with the original platform.

Bionic natural small molecule co-assemblies towards targeted and synergistic Chemo/PDT/CDT.

Background: Multi-component nano-delivery systems based on chemotherapy (chemo)- photodynamic therapy (PDT)- chemodynamic therapy (CDT) have gained increased attention as a promising strategy to improve clinical outcomes in cancer treatment. However, there remains a challenge in developing biodegradable, biocompatible, less toxic, yet highly efficient multicomponent nanobased drug delivery systems (DDS). Here, our study presents the screening and development of a novel DDS based on co-assemblies natural small molecule (NSMs).

Photosensitive pro-drug nanoassemblies harboring a chemotherapeutic dormancy function potentiates cancer immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy combined with effective therapeutics such as chemotherapy and photodynamic therapy have been shown to be a successful strategy to activate anti-tumor immune responses for improved anticancer treatment. However, developing multifunctional biodegradable, biocompatible, low-toxic but highly efficient, and clinically available transformed nano-immunostimulants remains a challenge and is in great demand. Herein, we report and design of a novel carrier-free photo-chemotherapeutic nano-prodrug COS-BA/Ce6 NPs by combining three multifunctional components-a self-assembled natural small molecule betulinic acid (BA), a water-soluble chitosan oligosaccharide (COS), and a low toxic photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6)-to augment the antitumor efficacy of the immune adjuvant anti-PD-L1-mediated cancer immunotherapy.

Combining Proteomics and Metabolomics to Analyze the Effects of Spaceflight on Rice Progeny.

Spaceflight is a special abiotic stress, the biological effect mechanism of which on contemporary rice has been clarified, However, its effect on offspring rice was still unclear. In order to understand the response mechanism of F2 generation plants to space flight, this study used SJ-10 recoverable satellite to carry DN423 rice seeds for 12.5 days in orbit flight.

The Memory of Rice Response to Spaceflight Stress: From the Perspective of Metabolomics and Proteomics.

The stress response of plants to spaceflight has been confirmed in contemporary plants, and plants retained the memory of spaceflight through methylation reaction. However, how the progeny plants adapt to this cross-generational stress memory was rarely reported. Here, we used the ShiJian-10 retractable satellite carrying Dongnong416 rice seeds for a 12.

Portulaca oleracea L. Extract Alleviated Type 2 Diabetes Via Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Serum Branched-Chain Amino Acid Metabolism.

Scope: Portulaca oleracea L. extracts (PE) show hypoglycemic function, but the precise mechanism remains obscure. This study is designed to investigate the association of the antidiabetes effect of PE with the gut microbiota modulation and BCAAs metabolism.

Protective effect of hydrogen sulfide on the kidney (Review).

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is a physiologically important gas transmitter that serves various biological functions in the body, in a manner similar to that of carbon monoxide and nitric oxide. Cystathionine‑β‑synthase, cystathionine‑γ‑lyase and cysteine transaminase/3‑mercaptopyruvate sulphotransferase are important enzymes involved HS production , and the mitochondria are the primary sites of metabolism. It has been reported that HS serves an important physiological role in the kidney.

Exploring the self-assembly mechanism and effective synergistic antitumor chemophototherapy of a biodegradable and glutathione responsive ursolic acid prodrug mediated photosensitive nanodrug.

Supermolecularly assembled photochemotherapeutic nanocomposites composed of pure drug small molecules are promising for synergistically improved tumor therapy, yet potential multiple challenges remain to be addressed. Herein, we rationally designed a novel multifunctional small molecule disulfide modified natural pentacyclic triterpene of ursolic acid (UASS) that simultaneously possesses self-assembly ability, glutathione (GSH) responsivity, anticancer activity, biocompatibility and biodegradability and further constructed carrier-free GSH-sensitive photosensitive nanocomposite UASS-Ce6 NPs for safe and synergistically improved chemophototherapy. Specifically, UASS-Ce6 NPs exhibit improved 1O2 generation by reducing the energy gap (ΔEST) of Ce6 as determined by density functional theory.

Synthesis of magnetic covalent organic framework molecularly imprinted polymers at room temperature: A novel imprinted strategy for thermo-sensitive substance.

Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with specific selective recognition have shown excellent performance in the rapid and efficient separation and enrichment of targets in complex systems. Unfortunately, it is not suitable for thermosensitive substances with biological functions. To this end, an imine-linked MIPs with covalent organic frameworks and magnetic nanoparticles was developed by using a room temperature synthesis strategy for the purification of Cyaninin-3-O-glucoside (C3G) from black chokeberry.