Diversity and Pathogenicity of Root Rot Fungi from Canola () in Alberta, Canada.

Root rot disease poses a significant threat to canola (), underscoring the need for a comprehensive understanding of its causal agents for more effective disease mitigation. The composition and diversity of fungal pathogens associated with root rot of canola in Alberta, Canada, were evaluated from plant tissue samples collected in 2021 and 2022. The study revealed spp.

The Host Range of in Western Canada.

is associated with the root rot of many plant species, but knowledge of its impact on western Canadian field crops is limited. This study assessed the host range of this fungus and its effect on plant emergence, plant height, and shoot and root dry weights in repeated greenhouse experiments with wheat, barley, faba beans, peas, lentils, canola, lupine, and soybeans. Infection was confirmed via PCR, and principal component analysis determined the utility of different parameters in assessing host responses.

Genetic potential and inheritance pattern of agronomic traits in faba bean under free and infested Orobanche soil conditions.

Background: Orobanche is an obligate parasite on faba bean in the Mediterranean region, causes considerable yield losses. Breeding tolerant faba bean genotypes to Orobanche is pivotal to sustain production and ensuring global food security, particularly considering the challenges posed by population growth. In the present study, seven faba bean lines and four testers were used in a line×tester mating design during 2020-2021 and 2021-2022 growing seasons.

The potential serum sphingolipid biomarkers for distinguishing Wilson disease.

Background: The diagnosis of Wilson's disease (WD) remains a challenging endeavor in clinical practice. Serum sphingolipids play a significant role in the development of liver disease. In this study, we examined the serum sphingolipid profile in patients with WD and explored the potential diagnostic utility of serum sphingolipid metabolites.

The Potential Genetic Effect for Yield and Foliar Disease Resistance in Faba Bean ( L.) Assessed via Morphological and SCoT Markers.

Faba bean is considered one of the most prominent grain legumes, with high protein content for human food consumption and livestock feed. The present study evaluated the nature of gene action and determined the genetic diversity among different populations of three crosses for resistance to foliar diseases at the molecular level. Analysis of variance exposed significant differences among the generations for all measured traits.

Histopathological Features Predicting Long-term Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Vanishing Bile Duct Syndrome.

Background And Aims: The clinicopathological features and long-term outcomes of patients with vanishing bile duct syndrome (VBDS) have yet to be elucidated. The study aims to investigate these features and identify factors associated with poor prognosis.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study recruited patients with liver biopsy-proven VBDS who were followed up at five hospitals in northern China from January 2003 to April 2022.

Production status and research advancement on root rot disease of faba bean ( L.) in China.

China is the largest producer of faba bean with a total harvested area of 8.11×10 ha and a total production of 1.69 ×10 tons (dry beans) in 2020, accounting for 30% of the world production.

Clinical characteristics and therapeutic response of immunoglobulin G4-related disease: a retrospective study of 127 Chinese patients.

Background And Aims: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a multisystem fibroinflammatory condition. The aim of the present study was to characterize the clinical features and therapeutic response of patients with IgG4-RD and identify risk factors for disease relapse.

Methods: We collected baseline data of eligible patients with IgG4-RD and analyzed clinical features by interview and review of medical records.

TangShenWeiNing Formula Prevents Diabetic Nephropathy by Protecting Podocytes Through the SIRT1/HIF-1α Pathway.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) represents a major complication of diabetes, and podocyte injury has a critical function in DN development. TangShenWeiNing formula (TSWN) has been demonstrated to efficiently decrease proteinuria and protect podocytes in DN. This work aimed to explore the mechanism by which TSWN alleviates DN and protects podocytes.

Promoting the granulation process of aerobic sludge via a sustainable strategy of effluent reflux in view of AHLs-mediated quorum sensing.

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) has excellent performance in wastewater treatment. However, the formation and mechanism of AGS by effluent reflux are not fully understood in sequential batch reactors (SBRs). In this study, two reactors were constructed, among which R1 was the control group, and the R2 reactor refluxed one-fourth of the supernatant of the effluent to the influent water.

Complete mitochondrial genome of the important phytopathogenic fungus (Botryosphaeriales, Ascomycota).

is a Catastrophic plant pathogen, which can cause serious reduction in crop production. In the current study, the mitochondrial genome of is assembled and annotated. The mitogenome of is a circular molecule of 101,198 bp.

PPAR-α Agonist Fenofibrate Prevented Diabetic Nephropathy by Inhibiting M1 Macrophages via Improving Endothelial Cell Function in db/db Mice.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major diabetic microvascular complications, and macrophage polarization plays a key role in the development of DN. Endothelial cells regulate macrophage polarization. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α agonists were demonstrated to prevent DN and improve endothelial function.

Ferroptosis Enhanced Diabetic Renal Tubular Injury HIF-1α/HO-1 Pathway in db/db Mice.

Background: Ferroptosis is a recently identified iron-dependent form of cell death as a result of increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation. In this study, we investigated whether ferroptosis aggravated diabetic nephropathy (DN) and damaged renal tubules through hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α/heme oxygenase (HO)-1 pathway in db/db mice.

Methods: Db/db mice were administered with or without ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 treatment, and were compared with db/m mice.

Organic loading rate (OLR) regulation for enhancement of aerobic sludge granulation: Role of key microorganism and their function.

According to unique growth characteristics of various environmental microorganism specially with different substrates and their levels, aerobic sludge granulation are studied under different operation mode of influent organic loading rate (OLR), and the EPS component, sludge surface characters and functional microbes are analyzed to achieve a novel process for stable sludge granulation. Results showed that activated sludge cultivated under gradient influent OLR decreasing from 5.5 to 3.

Optimizing granules size distribution for aerobic granular sludge stability: Effect of a novel funnel-shaped internals on hydraulic shear stress.

A novel funnel-shaped internals was proposed to enhance the stability and pollutant removal performance of an aerobic granular process by optimizing granule size distribution. Results showed up to 68.3±1.

Granular activated carbon as nucleating agent for aerobic sludge granulation: Effect of GAC size on velocity field differences (GAC versus flocs) and aggregation behavior.

Initial cell aggregation plays an important role in the formation of aerobic granules. In this study, three parallel aerobic granular sludge reactors treating low-strength wastewater were established using granular activated carbon (GAC) of different sizes as the nucleating agent. A novel visual quantitative evaluation method was used to discern how GAC size affects velocity field differences (GAC versus flocs) and aggregation behavior during sludge granulation.

Optimization for extracellular polymeric substances extraction of microbial aggregates.

The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are important macromolecular components in microbial aggregates. The three EPS extraction methods - ultrasound + cation exchange resins (CER) + sulfide, ultrasound + formamide + NaOH, and ultrasound + heat - were investigated in the study, and the component differences of extracted EPS from the loose flocs and dense aerobic granules were compared using chemical analysis and three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM). Results showed that the contents of EPS were extracted effectively by ultrasound + formamide + NaOH and ultrasound + heat methods, and the ultrasound + CER + sulfide method did not extract the polysaccharides (PS) or protein (PN) contents from the sludge samples.

Optimization of hydraulic shear parameters and reactor configuration in the aerobic granular sludge process.

The hydraulic shear acts as an important selection pressure in aerobic sludge granulation. The effects of the hydraulic shear rate and reactor configuration on structural characteristics of aerobic granule in view of the hydromechanics. The hydraulic shear analysis was proposed to overcome the limitation of using superficial gas velocity (SGV) to express the hydraulic shear stress.

Specific component comparison of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in flocs and granular sludge using EEM and SDS-PAGE.

Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) plays an important role in the formation of bioaggregates such as flocs, biofilm and granular sludge. However, the role of their specific components in sludge flocculation and granulation is still unclear. Three sludge samples including the flocs, aerobic and anaerobic granular sludge were investigated in this study and the specific components in different EPS structures of loosely bound-EPS (LB-EPS) and tightly bound-EPS (TB-EPS) were analyzed.