Growth mechanism of three-dimensional porous tin foam based on the coupled effects of reduction reaction competition and interface regulation.

This paper systematically conducted a study on the microstructural evolution of tin foam prepared by the hydrogen bubble dynamic template (HBDT) under key deposition parameters, and established a growth model for three-dimensional (3D) porous tin foam based on the coupled effects of competitive reduction reactions and interface regulation. By exploring the competitive relationship between hydrogen evolution and metal deposition, a novel mechanism was proposed for the hydrogen bubble template, revealing the dual role of hydrogen bubbles in metal deposition under the coupling of tin ion concentration and deposition potential. It was also elucidated that the competitive equilibrium between hydrogen evolution and tin ion reduction was crucial for sustaining the dynamic stability of the bubble template, ultimately inducing the formation of 3D porous structures.

Iron-lead mixed exposure causes bone damage in mice: A multi-omics analysis.

Excessive intake of essential and toxic metals affects the pathological process of osteoporosis. At present, the effects of single forms of iron (Fe), lead (Pb) and other metals on bone injury have been widely studied. However, these metal elements usually do not exist in the environment in a separate form.

Gut microbiome and plasma metabolome alterations in ileostomy and after closure of ileostomy.

Unlabelled: A temporary loop ileostomy is a routine procedure for protecting the anastomosis in patients undergoing radical resection of rectal cancer. Fecal diversion by a diverting ileostomy may induce microbiota dysbiosis in the defunctioned colon; however, data on temporal and spatial microbiome and metabolome changes in these patients are sparse. Thirty patients who underwent ileostomy closure were enrolled.

A nomogram for postoperative pulmonary infections in esophageal cancer patients: a two-center retrospective clinical study.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary infections (POPIs) occur in approximately 13-38% of patients who undergo surgery for esophageal cancer, negatively impacting patient outcomes and prolonging hospital stays. This study aims to develop a novel clinical prediction model to identify patients at risk for POPIs early, thereby enabling timely intervention by clinicians.

Methods: This study included 910 patients from two hospitals.

Clinical significance of Ki-67 in patients with lung adenocarcinoma complicated by type 2 diabetes.

Background: The increasing number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients leads to higher rates of morbidity and mortality related to lung cancer.

Aim: To investigate the utility of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen Ki-67 in patients with lung adenocarcinoma (AIS) complicated by T2DM.

Methods: One hundred patients with AIS and T2DM (group A), 100 patients with AIS alone (group B), and 60 patients with benign lung lesions (group C) admitted to the Department of Thoracic Surgery and Endocrinology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from November 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled.

Impact of chemoradiotherapy for first primary lung cancer on the prognosis and re-chemoradiotherapy sensitivity of second primary lung cancer.

Background: Despite undergoing surgery and chemoradiotherapy, patients with first primary lung cancer (FPLC) remain at risk for second primary lung cancer (SPLC), which is associated with a poor prognosis. The effects of FPLC chemoradiotherapy on SPLC prognosis and its sensitivity to re-chemoradiotherapy have not been adequately investigated.

Methods: This cohort study analyzed data from 23,827 patients who underwent FPLC surgery during 1973-2021, drawn from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database.

CircRNA circ_0015278 induces ferroptosis in lung adenocarcinoma through the miR-1228/P53 axis.

Background: Circular RNAs play an important role in regulating lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Bioinformatics analysis identified circ_0015278 as differentially expressed in LUAD. However, the biological mechanism of circ_0015278 in LUAD has not been fully clarified, especially in ferroptosis.

Genetic variation reveals the therapeutic potential of BRSK2 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Background: Current research underscores the need to better understand the pathogenic mechanisms and treatment strategies for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). This study aimed to identify key targets involved in the progression of IPF.

Methods: We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) with three genome-wide association studies and four quantitative trait loci datasets to identify key driver genes for IPF.

ChNLRC4, a cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor, activates the pyroptosis signaling pathway in Mollusca.

NLR inflammasomes recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), triggering Caspase-1 activation and leading to gasdermin D (GSDMD)-mediated pyroptosis, a crucial immune response in mammals. The functional GSDME-mediated pyroptosis has been reported in invertebrates, yet the existence of an NLR-Caspase-GSDME axis mediating pyroptosis signaling cascades remains unclear. In this study, we reported an NLRC4 homolog named ChNLRC4, a pattern recognition receptor from the oyster Crassostrea hongkongensis that is able to bind to LPS and Lys-type PGN through its LRR domain.

Clinical Effect of Treatment with Metformin for Type 2 Diabetes on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients Undergoing Immunotherapy: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: To further identify the clinical impact of metformin on the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with type 2 diabetes who received immunotherapy.

Methods: Stage IV NSCLC patients with type 2 diabetes receiving the immunotherapy from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the metformin group or non-metformin group according to the treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes (metformin vs other hypoglycemic medicines). The overall response rate (ORR) was primary endpoint, and overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS) and disease control rate (DCR) were secondary endpoints.

Spatial transcriptome profiling identifies DTX3L and BST2 as key biomarkers in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis.

Background: Understanding the stepwise progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is crucial for developing customized strategies for early detection and optimal clinical management. Herein, we aimed to unravel the transcriptional and immunologic alterations occurring during malignant transformation and identify clinically significant biomarkers of ESCC.

Methods: Digital spatial profiling (DSP) was performed on 11 patients with early-stage ESCC (pT1) to explore the transcriptional alterations in epithelial, immune cell, and non-immune cell stromal compartments across regions of distinct histology, including normal tissues, low- and high-grade dysplasia, and cancerous tissues.

Data-driven fault identification method of RV reducer used in industrial robot.

The RV reducers are complex and sealed mechanical systems that are difficult to conduct fault diagnosis in advance. The previous research worked on the fault identification of RV reducer were mainly carried out on the test platforms instead of real complex working conditions. Most of faults were intentionally created in laboratory instead of real malfunction caused by factory daily operation.

Comparing four-hook and double-hook localization needles in preoperative pulmonary nodule positioning: efficacy, safety, and patient perception.

Background: Precise preoperative localization is crucial for improving the success rate and reducing the duration of thoracoscopic surgeries. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and patient perception of the four-hook localization needle compared to the traditional double-hook localization needle in the localization of pulmonary nodules.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 207 patients who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS).

Identification of a Novel Signature Based on Ferritinophagy-Related Genes to Predict Prognosis in Lung Adenocarcinoma: Focus on AHNAK2.

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) accounts for over 40% of all non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases and continues to be difficult to treat despite advancements in diagnostics and therapies. Ferritinophagy, a newly recognized autophagy process linked to ferroptosis, has been associated with LUAD development. Recent studies have shown a dysregulation of genes related to ferritinophagy in LUAD, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target.

Electrochemical Migration Study on Sn-58Bi Lead-Free Solder Alloy Under Dust Contamination.

With the development of electronic packaging technology toward miniaturization, integration, and high reliability, the diameter and pitch of solder joints continue to shrink. Adjacent solder joints are highly susceptible to electrochemical migration (ECM) due to the synergistic effects of high-density electric fields, water vapor, and contaminants. Dust has become one of the non-negligible causal factors in ECM studies due to air pollution.

Preoperative localization of pulmonary nodules by electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy combined with methylene blue injection.

Background: Electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy (ENB) can help to accurately locate pulmonary nodules using a minimally invasive approach. This study sought to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of dye marking localization under the guidance of ENB followed by surgery.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed of 61 patients who underwent ENB localization using methylene blue dye marking before surgery at Shanghai General Hospital from October 2021 to February 2022.

Design and optimization of pore structure in three-dimensional micro-nano hierarchical SnO supercapacitor electrodes for enhanced ion diffusion.

This paper introduced a novel continuous electrochemical synthesis strategy to address the challenges of slow ion/electron transport rates and low electrode reaction efficiency in Sn-based electrode materials. This approach leveraged the induction and confinement of bubble templates to assist atoms deposition, generating micron-sized tin skeletons. Subsequently, these skeletons were transformed into a secondary nanoporous structure through dissolution-deposition etching effects.

Cuproptosis-associated lncRNA impact prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer co-infected with COVID-19.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients infected with COVID-19 experience much worse prognosis. However, the specific mechanisms behind this phenomenon remain unclear. We conducted a multicentre study, collecting surgical tissue samples from a total of 36 NSCLC patients across three centres to analyse.

[Retracted] LOXL1‑AS1 promotes thymoma and thymic carcinoma progression by regulating miR‑525‑5p‑.

Following the publication of the above article, a concerned reader drew to the Editor's attention that certain of the cell invasion assay data featured in Figs. 2G and H, 5M and N, and 9K and L, and the tumor images shown in Fig. 6B, were strikingly similar to data appearing in different form in other articles written by different authors at different research institutes that had either already been published elsewhere prior to the submission of this paper to , or were under consideration for publication at around the same time (some of which have been retracted).

Diffusion Barrier Performance of Ni-W Layer at Sn/Cu Interfacial Reaction.

As the integration of chips in 3D integrated circuits (ICs) increases and the size of micro-bumps reduces, issues with the reliability of service due to electromigration and thermomigration are becoming more prevalent. In the practical application of solder joints, an increase in the grain size of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) has been observed during the reflow process. This phenomenon results in an increased thickness of the IMC layer, accompanied by a proportional increase in the volume of the IMC layer within the joint.

dwMLCS: An Efficient MLCS Algorithm Based on Dynamic and Weighted Directed Acyclic Graph.

The problem of finding the longest common subsequence (MLCS) for multiple sequences is a computationally intensive and challenging problem that has significant applications in various fields such as text comparison, pattern recognition, and gene diagnosis. Currently, the dominant point-based MLCS algorithms have become popular and extensively studied. Generally, they construct the directed acyclic graph (DAG) of matching points and convert the MLCS problem into a search for the longest paths in the DAG.

Tanning wastewater restructured nitrogen-transforming bacteria communities and promoted NO emissions in receiving river riparian sediments.

Physicochemical and toxicological characterization of leather tanning wastewater has been widely documented. However, few reports have examined the response of denitrification N and NO emissions in riparian sediments of tannery wastewater-receiving rivers. In this study, N-nitrate labeling was used to reveal the effects of tanning wastewater on denitrification N and NO emission in a wastewater-receiving river (the old Mang River, OMR).