Cellulose-based Conductive Materials for Bioelectronics.

The growing demand for electronic devices has led to excessive stress on Earth's resources, necessitating effective waste management and the search for renewable materials with minimal environmental impact. Bioelectronics, designed to interface with the human body, have traditionally been made from inorganic materials, such as metals, which, while having suitable electrical conductivity, differ significantly in chemical and mechanical properties from biological tissues. This can cause issues such as unreliable signal collection and inflammatory responses.

Non-Noble Metal Catalysts for Electrooxidation of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural.

2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA) is a class of valuable biomass-based platform compounds. The creation of FDCA involves the catalytic oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). As a novel catalytic method, electrocatalysis has been utilized in the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidation reaction (HMFOR).

High-performance cellulose/thermoplastic polyurethane composites enabled by interaction-modulated cellulose regeneration.

Strong interfacial adhesion between cellulose and other polymers is critical to achieve the properties required for specific applications in composite materials. Here, we developed a method for the simultaneous homogeneous dissolution of cellulose and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) in 1,8-diazabicyclo (5.4.

Nanocellulose-graphene composites: Preparation and applications in flexible electronics.

In recent years, the pursuit of high-performance nano-flexible electronic composites has led researchers to focus on nanocellulose-graphene composites. Nanocellulose has garnered widespread interest due to its exceptional properties and unique structure, such as renewability, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. However, nanocellulose materials are deficient in electrical conductivity, which limits their applications in flexible electronics.

Nanocellulose-Assisted Construction of Multifunctional MXene-Based Aerogels with Engineering Biomimetic Texture for Pressure Sensor and Compressible Electrode.

Multifunctional architecture with intriguing structural design is highly desired for realizing the promising performances in wearable sensors and flexible energy storage devices. Cellulose nanofiber (CNF) is employed for assisting in building conductive, hyperelastic, and ultralight TiCT MXene hybrid aerogels with oriented tracheid-like texture. The biomimetic hybrid aerogels are constructed by a facile bidirectional freezing strategy with CNF, carbon nanotube (CNT), and MXene based on synergistic electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bonding.

Strong, conductive, and freezing-tolerant polyacrylamide/PEDOT:PSS/cellulose nanofibrils hydrogels for wearable strain sensors.

Hydrogels with prominent flexibility, versatility, and high sensitivity play an important role in the design and fabrication of wearable sensors. In particular, these flexible conductive hydrogels exhibit elastic modulus that is highly compatible with human skin, demonstrating the great potential for flexible sensing. However, the preparation of high-performance hydrogel-based sensors that can restrain extreme cold conditions is still challenging.

Polyaniline/Graphene-Functionalized Flexible Waste Mask Sensors for Ammonia and Volatile Sulfur Compound Monitoring.

A flexible resistive-type polyaniline-based gas sensor was fabricated by simple dip-coating of graphene combined with in situ polymerization of aniline on a flexible waste mask substrate. The prepared polypropylene/graphene/polyaniline (PP/G/PANI) hybrid sensor demonstrated a fast response (114 s) and recovery time (23 s), ppb-level detection limit (100 ppb), high response value (250% toward 50 ppm NH, which is over four times greater than that of the pristine PANI sensor), acceptable flexibility, excellent selectivity, and long-term stability at room temperature. The morphological and structural properties of the composite sensor materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectroscopy characterization, and the surface chemistry of the hybrid sensors was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

Strong, flexible, and highly conductive cellulose nanofibril/PEDOT:PSS/MXene nanocomposite films for efficient electromagnetic interference shielding.

Flexible and light weight electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with high electromagnetic shielding efficiency (SE) and excellent mechanical strength are highly demanded for wearable and portable electronics. In this work, for the first time, a freestanding and flexible cellulose nanofibril (CNF)/PEDOT:PSS/MXene (TiCT) nanocomposite film with a ternary heterostructure was manufactured using a vacuum-assisted filtration process. The results show that compared with pure MXene films, the tensile strength of the optimized nanocomposite film increases from 8.

PregGAN: A prognosis prediction model for breast cancer based on conditional generative adversarial networks.

Background And Objective: Generative adversarial network (GAN) is able to learn from a set of training data and generate new data with the same characteristics as the training data. Based on the characteristics of GAN, this paper developed its capability as a tool of disease prognosis prediction, and proposed a prognostic model PregGAN based on conditional generative adversarial network (CGAN).

Methods: The idea of PregGAN is to generate the prognosis prediction results based on the clinical data of patients.

Cellulose Nanopaper: Fabrication, Functionalization, and Applications.

Cellulose nanopaper has shown great potential in diverse fields including optoelectronic devices, food packaging, biomedical application, and so forth, owing to their various advantages such as good flexibility, tunable light transmittance, high thermal stability, low thermal expansion coefficient, and superior mechanical properties. Herein, recent progress on the fabrication and applications of cellulose nanopaper is summarized and discussed based on the analyses of the latest studies. We begin with a brief introduction of the three types of nanocellulose: cellulose nanocrystals, cellulose nanofibrils and bacterial cellulose, recapitulating their differences in preparation and properties.

Advanced Nanocellulose-Based Composites for Flexible Functional Energy Storage Devices.

With the increasing demand for wearable electronics (such as smartwatch equipment, wearable health monitoring systems, and human-robot interface units), flexible energy storage systems with eco-friendly, low-cost, multifunctional characteristics, and high electrochemical performances are imperative to be constructed. Nanocellulose with sustainable natural abundance, superb properties, and unique structures has emerged as a promising nanomaterial, which shows significant potential for fabricating functional energy storage systems. This review is intended to provide novel perspectives on the combination of nanocellulose with other electrochemical materials to design and fabricate nanocellulose-based flexible composites for advanced energy storage devices.

Engineering cellulose nanopaper with water resistant, antibacterial, and improved barrier properties by impregnation of chitosan and the followed halogenation.

This work demonstrated a facile and sustainable approach to functionalize cellulose nanopaper (CNP) by impregnation of chitosan (CS) and the followed halogenation. It was found that the tensile strength of the functionalized CNP (CNP/CS-Cl) was enhanced by 38.3% and 512.

Multifunctional Cellulose Nanopaper with Superior Water-Resistant, Conductive, and Antibacterial Properties Functionalized with Chitosan and Polypyrrole.

Cellulose nanopaper (CNP) has been considered as a promising material with great application potential in diverse fields. However, the hydrophilic nature of CNP significantly limits its practical application. In order to improve its water resistance, we demonstrate a facile approach to functionalize CNP by impregnating it with chitosan (CS), followed by polymerization of polypyrrole (PPy).

Sustainable preparation of cellulose nanofibrils via choline chloride-citric acid deep eutectic solvent pretreatment combined with high-pressure homogenization.

Developing green and simple methods for the preparation of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) is of great significance. Herein, a green deep eutectic solvent (DES) system based on choline chloride (ChCl) and citric acid (CA) is employed to pretreat cellulose fibers for the preparation of CNFs. The effect of the pretreatment temperature on the chemo-physical properties of the CNFs is comprehensively investigated.

Sustainable preparation of bifunctional cellulose nanocrystals via mixed HSO/formic acid hydrolysis.

In this work, a sustainable and highly efficient approach for preparing bifunctional cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) was proposed through a mixed acid system of sulfuric acid and formic acid (FA). It was found that low-concentration (5-10 wt%) sulfuric acid can significantly improve the hydrolysis efficiency of FA (65-80 wt%), which enabled the highly efficient preparation of CNCs, i.e.

Valorization of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Residues from Corncob into Lignin-Containing Cellulose Nanofibrils and Lignin Nanoparticles.

As a kind of biomass waste, enzymatic hydrolysis residues (EHRs) are conventionally burned or just discarded, resulting in environmental pollution and low economic benefits. In this study, EHRs of corncob residues (CCR) were used to produce high lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) and lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) through a facile approach. The LCNFs and LNPs with controllable chemical compositions and properties were produced by tuning the enzymolysis time of CCR and the followed homogenization.

Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Cellulose based Composite Hydrogels.

Background: Bacterial cellulose (BC) and its derivatives are a rich source of renewable natural ingredients, which are of great significance for biomedical and medical applications but have not yet been fully exploited. BC is a high-purity, biocompatible, and versatile biomaterial that can be used alone or in combination with other ingredients such as polymers and nanoparticles to provide different structural organization and function. This review briefly introduces the research status of BC hydrogels, focusing on the preparation of BC-based composite hydrogels and their applications in the field of biomedicine, particularly the wound dressings, tissue engineering scaffolds, and drug delivery.

Recent advances in cellulose and its derivatives for oilfield applications.

The purpose of this review is to summarize and discuss the recent developments in exploring cellulose and its derivatives in the applications of oilfield chemicals for petroleum drilling and exploiting. We begin with a brief introduction of cellulose and its common water-soluble derivatives, such as the carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, and amphoteric cellulose. Afterwards, the applications of cellulose derivatives in different petroleum exploitation processes, such as drilling, cementing, and fracturing, are set out in detail.

Falling Leaves Return to Their Roots: A Review on the Preparation of γ-Valerolactone from Lignocellulose and Its Application in the Conversion of Lignocellulose.

γ-Valerolactone (GVL), derived from renewable lignocellulosic biomass, has been considered as a cost-competitive and green platform chemical. With the increasingly prominent environmental problems, a deep understanding of the preparation and transformation of GVL is highly needed. Based on the latest progress made with GVL, preparation and applications of GVL are summarized and discussed in this Review.

Multiresponsive MXene (TiCT)-Decorated Textiles for Wearable Thermal Management and Human Motion Monitoring.

Over the past few years, wearable electronics and smart textiles have seen tremendous growth in both academia and industries. However, it is still a challenge to prepare robust, flexible, wearable, and multiresponsive textile electronics. A newly blooming two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal carbide/nitride (MXene) is regarded as an ideal active material to build multifunctional electronics due to its intriguing properties.

Sustainable valorization of paper mill sludge into cellulose nanofibrils and cellulose nanopaper.

As a kind of agro-industrial wastes, paper mill sludge (PMS) has posed serious environmental and economic challenges for disposal due to the more stringent regulations and diminishing land availability in recent years. The present study is aimed at providing a sustainable approach to efficiently convert PMS to cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) and cellulose nanopaper (CNP) by formic acid (FA) hydrolysis pretreatment and the followed microfluidization. It is found that FA hydrolysis (4-6 h) could swell and shorten PMS fibers, and only two-pass microfluidization is sufficient to get uniform CNFs from the collected cellulose residual.

Polypyrrole and cellulose nanofiber based composite films with improved physical and electrical properties for electromagnetic shielding applications.

Polypyrrole (PPy) and cellulose nanofiber (CNF) based conducting composite films were synthesized using two new approaches, in-situ polymerization of pyrrole onto cellulose nanopaper (PPy/CNP) and polyvinyl alcohol coated cellulose nanopaper (PPy/PVA-CNP). Significant improvement in the conductivity, tensile strength, water resistance, and electromagnetic shielding effectiveness (SE) was observed for these composite films compared to commonly used in-situ nanofiber (ISF) approach, where PPy is coated on nanofibers prior to film preparation. Maximum improvement in conductivity, SE and tensile strength of PPy/PVA-CNP compared to ISF films was attributed to highly uniform and compact PPy coating and reduced porosity.