Publications by authors named "Haishan Cao"

Ice formation from water vapor is a common phenomenon with significant implications for both natural ice formation and industrial processes. However, there remains controversy over how deposition frequency and substrate temperature affect the structural forms of deposition products and their formation processes. In this study, we employed molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the deposition process of water vapor onto a cold Au(001) substrate at different temperatures and deposition frequencies.

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The wettability of SiO2 surfaces, crucial for understanding the phase transition processes of water, remains a topic of significant controversy in the literature due to uncertainties in experiments. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations offer a promising avenue for elucidating these complexities, yet studies specifically addressing water contact angles on hydrophilic and hydrophobic SiO2 surfaces at sub-ambient temperatures are notably absent. In this study, we experimentally measured water contact angles of hydrophilic and hydrophobic SiO2 surfaces at ambient temperature and employed MD to investigate water contact angles on Q3, Q3/Q4, and Q4 SiO2 surfaces across temperatures ranging from 220 to 300 K.

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Water freezing, initiated by ice nucleation, occurs widely in nature, ranging from cellular to global phenomena. Ice nucleation has been experimentally proven to require the formation of a critical ice nucleus, consistent with classical nucleation theory (CNT). However, the accuracy of CNT quantitative predictions of critical cluster sizes and nucleation rates has never been verified experimentally.

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With the advantages of a long lifetime and high reliability, gas gap heat switches (GGHSs) are attractive in many thermal management applications, especially in space-borne cryogenic systems. The performance of a GGHS is significantly affected by the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent in the sorption pump. Compared with the commonly used adsorbent in the GGHSs (activated carbon), metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have larger surface areas, higher pore volumes, and exceptional tunability, which motivates this study to explore their potential for application in cryogenic GGHSs.

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The cryopreservation of biomaterials is fundamental to modern biotechnology and biomedicine, but the biggest challenge is the formation of ice, resulting in fatal cryoinjury to biomaterials. To date, abundant ice control strategies have been utilized to inhibit ice formation and thus improve cryopreservation efficiency. This review focuses on the mechanisms of existing control strategies regulating ice formation and the corresponding applications to biomaterial cryopreservation, which are of guiding significance for the development of ice control strategies.

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Article Synopsis
  • Freezing natural biomaterials can lead to damaging ice crystal formation and high solute concentrations (hypertonicity), affecting their integrity.
  • The study investigates the crystallization and vitrification of onion epidermal cells in various concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), using high-speed microscopy for observation.
  • Findings reveal how DMSO concentration and cooling/warming rates influence ice formation and progression, offering insights that could enhance cryopreservation techniques and inform future cryopreservation protocols.
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