Unraveling Morphological, Physiological, and Transcriptomic Alterations Underlying the Formation of Little Leaves in Phytoplasma-Infected Sweet Cherry Trees.

Phytoplasmas are minute phytopathogenic bacteria that induce excessive vegetative growth, known as witches'-broom (WB), in many infected plant species during the later stages of infection. The WB structure is characterized by densely clustered little (small) leaves, which are frequently accompanied by chlorosis (yellowing). The mechanisms behind the formation of little leaves within WB structures (LL-WB) are poorly understood.

Deciphering the intricate hierarchical gene regulatory network: unraveling multi-level regulation and modifications driving secondary cell wall formation.

Wood quality is predominantly determined by the amount and the composition of secondary cell walls (SCWs). Consequently, unraveling the molecular regulatory mechanisms governing SCW formation is of paramount importance for genetic engineering aimed at enhancing wood properties. Although SCW formation is known to be governed by a hierarchical gene regulatory network (HGRN), our understanding of how a HGRN operates and regulates the formation of heterogeneous SCWs for plant development and adaption to ever-changing environment remains limited.

Regulation of regeneration in .

Unlabelled: We employed several algorithms with high efficacy to analyze the public transcriptomic data, aiming to identify key transcription factors (TFs) that regulate regeneration in . Initially, we utilized CollaborativeNet, also known as TF-Cluster, to construct a collaborative network of all TFs, which was subsequently decomposed into many subnetworks using the Triple-Link and Compound Spring Embedder (CoSE) algorithms. Functional analysis of these subnetworks led to the identification of nine subnetworks closely associated with regeneration.

The influence of preoperative urodynamic parameters on clinical results in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia after transurethral resection of the prostate.

Purpose: To identify the urodynamic parameters affecting the clinical outcomes of transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP) surgery for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH) by multifactor analysis and establish a regression model with diagnostic values.

Methods: The medical records of patients who underwent TURP surgery for BPH between December 2018 and September 2021 were collected from the urology department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China. The patients' clinical data and urodynamic parameters were collected before surgery.

Effect of preoperative prophylactic antibiotic use on postoperative infection after percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with negative urine culture: a single-center randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To compare the effects of different preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis (ABP) regimens on the incidence of sepsis after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in patients with negative urine culture.

Methods: A single-center, randomized controlled trial (June 2022-December 2023) included 120 patients with negative preoperative urine cultures for upper urinary tract stones who underwent PCNL (chictr.org.

TGPred: efficient methods for predicting target genes of a transcription factor by integrating statistics, machine learning and optimization.

Four statistical selection methods for inferring transcription factor (TF)-target gene (TG) pairs were developed by coupling mean squared error (MSE) or Huber loss function, with elastic net (ENET) or least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) penalty. Two methods were also developed for inferring pathway gene regulatory networks (GRNs) by combining Huber or MSE loss function with a network (Net)-based penalty. To solve these regressions, we ameliorated an accelerated proximal gradient descent (APGD) algorithm to optimize parameter selection processes, resulting in an equally effective but much faster algorithm than the commonly used convex optimization solver.

Characteristics of methylome and the regulatory mechanism of DNA methylation in tanshinone biosynthesis.

is a model medicinal plant with significant economic and medicinal value. Its roots produce a group of diterpenoid lipophilic bioactive components, termed tanshinones. Biosynthesis and regulation of tanshinones has attracted widespread interest.

Heritable epigenetic modification of BpPIN1 is associated with leaf shapes in Betula pendula.

The new variety Betula pendula 'Dalecarlica', selected from Betula pendula, shows high ornamental value owing to its lobed leaf shape. In this study, to identify the genetic components of leaf shape formation, we performed bulked segregant analysis and molecular marker-based fine mapping to identify the causal gene responsible for lobed leaves in B. pendula 'Dalecarlica'.

The Influence of Preoperative Hydronephrosis on the Prognosis after Radical Cystectomy among Patients with Different Pathological Stages of Bladder Cancer.

Introduction: Preoperative hydronephrosis is closely associated with the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer. This study assesses the effect of preoperative hydronephrosis on the prognosis after radical cystectomy (RC) among patients with different pathological stages of bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 231 patients who underwent RC because of bladder urothelial carcinoma at our institution from January 2013 to December 2017.

Bacterium-enabled transient gene activation by artificial transcription factors for resolving gene regulation in maize.

Understanding gene regulatory networks is essential to elucidate developmental processes and environmental responses. Here, we studied regulation of a maize (Zea mays) transcription factor gene using designer transcription activator-like effectors (dTALes), which are synthetic Type III TALes of the bacterial genus Xanthomonas and serve as inducers of disease susceptibility gene transcription in host cells. The maize pathogen Xanthomonas vasicola pv.

The methylation landscape of giga-genome and the epigenetic timer of age in Chinese pine.

Epigenetics has been revealed to play a crucial role in the long-term memory in plants. However, little is known about whether the epigenetic modifications occur with age progressively in conifers. Here, we present the single-base resolution DNA methylation landscapes of the 25-gigabase Chinese pine (Pinus tabuliformis) genome at different ages.

Autotetraploidization Alters Morphology, Photosynthesis, Cytological Characteristics and Fruit Quality in Sour Jujube ( Cheng et Liu).

Artificially induced polyploidization is one of the most effective techniques for improving the biological properties and creating new cultivars of fruit trees. Up to now, systematic research on the autotetraploid of sour jujube ( Cheng et Liu) has not been reported. 'Zhuguang' is the first released autotetraploid sour jujube induced with colchicine.

High temperature inhibited the accumulation of anthocyanin by promoting ABA catabolism in sweet cherry fruits.

Color is an essential appearance characteristic of sweet cherry ( L.) fruits and mainly determined by anthocyanin. Temperature plays an important role in the regulation of anthocyanin accumulation.

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Auxin Response Factor (ARF) Gene Family Involved in Wood Formation and Response to Exogenous Hormone Treatment in .

Auxin is a key regulator that virtually controls almost every aspect of plant growth and development throughout its life cycle. As the major components of auxin signaling, auxin response factors (ARFs) play crucial roles in various processes of plant growth and development. In this study, a total of 35 genes were identified, and their phylogenetic relationships, chromosomal locations, synteny relationships, exon/intron structures, -elements, conserved motifs, and protein characteristics were systemically investigated.

Molecular Mechanisms of Diverse Auxin Responses during Plant Growth and Development.

The plant hormone auxin acts as a signaling molecule to regulate numerous developmental processes throughout all stages of plant growth. Understanding how auxin regulates various physiological and developmental processes has been a hot topic and an intriguing field. Recent studies have unveiled more molecular details into how diverse auxin responses function in every aspect of plant growth and development.

PuHox52 promotes coordinated uptake of nitrate, phosphate, and iron under nitrogen deficiency in Populus ussuriensis.

It is of great importance to better understand how trees regulate nitrogen (N) uptake under N deficiency conditions which severely challenge afforestation practices, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms have not been well elucidated. Here, we functionally characterized PuHox52, a Populus ussuriensis HD-ZIP transcription factor, whose overexpression greatly enhanced nutrient uptake and plant growth under N deficiency. We first conducted an RNA sequencing experiment to obtain root transcriptome using PuHox52-overexpression lines of P.

Current status and trends in forest genomics.

Forests are not only the most predominant of the Earth's terrestrial ecosystems, but are also the core supply for essential products for human use. However, global climate change and ongoing population explosion severely threatens the health of the forest ecosystem and aggravtes the deforestation and forest degradation. Forest genomics has great potential of increasing forest productivity and adaptation to the changing climate.

Protein Kinase CK2 Controls CD8 T Cell Effector and Memory Function during Infection.

Protein kinase CK2 is a serine/threonine kinase composed of two catalytic subunits (CK2α and/or CK2α') and two regulatory subunits (CK2β). CK2 promotes cancer progression by activating the NF-κB, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, and JAK/STAT pathways, and also is critical for immune cell development and function. The potential involvement of CK2 in CD8 T cell function has not been explored.