Cardiorespiratory fitness is associated with cognitive function in late adulthood: baseline findings from the IGNITE study.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognition in a large sample of older adults, and to examine clinical and demographic factors that might moderate these associations.

Methods: CRF was measured with a graded exercise test performed on a motorised treadmill. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using data from a comprehensive neuropsychological battery to obtain latent factors reflecting core cognitive domains.

Effects of a 6-month aerobic exercise intervention on brain morphology in women with breast cancer receiving aromatase inhibitor therapy: a sub-study of the EPICC trial.

Objective: Physical exercise may increase brain volume and cortical thickness in late adulthood. However, few studies have examined the possibility for exercise to influence brain morphology in women treated for breast cancer. We conducted a nested sub-study within a randomized clinical trial to examine whether 6 months of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in postmenopausal women with early-stage breast cancer influences brain morphology.

Adverse Events During a 12-month Multi-Site and Dose-Response Aerobic Exercise Intervention.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the incidence of adverse events (AE) in older adults participating in a year-long exercise intervention, investigating potential dose-response relationships between exercise intensity and AE frequency, and identifying demographic factors associated with AE risk.

Methods: A total of 648 older adults were randomized into one of three exercise groups: low-intensity stretching and toning (S&T), 150 minutes of aerobic exercise per week (150Ex), or 225 minutes of aerobic exercise per week (225Ex). Adverse events were tracked during the intervention, with event rates calculated based on participant adherence and time in the study.

Hydroxypropyl Cellulose-Based Orally Dissolving Film Loaded with Insoluble Dexamethasone for Treatment of Oral Ulcers.

Oral ulcers present as recurrent and spontaneous lesions, often causing intolerable burning pain that significantly disrupts patients' daily lives and compromises their quality of life. In addressing this clinical challenge, oral dissolving films (ODFs) have emerged as promising pharmaceutical formulations for oral ulcer management due to their rapid onset of action, ease of administration, and portability. In this study, ODFs containing the insoluble drug dexamethasone (Dex) were formulated for the treatment of oral ulcers in rabbits using a solvent casting method with ethanol as the solvent.

Active Gains in brain Using Exercise During Aging (AGUEDA): protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Alzheimer's disease is currently the leading cause of dementia and one of the most expensive, lethal and severe diseases worldwide. Age-related decline in executive function is widespread and plays a key role in subsequent dementia risk. Physical exercise has been proposed as one of the leading non-pharmaceutical approaches to improve executive function and ameliorate cognitive decline.

Distribution and potential ecological risks of microplastics in Zhushan Bay, China.

The interaction between microplastics (MPs) and microorganisms may alter the distribution of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in water and increase the ecological risk of drinking water sources. To investigate the characteristics of MPs geographical distribution and its potential ecological risk in typical urban water, this study was conducted in Zhushan Bay, and we carried out a combination of tests to analyze the distribution of MPs and the migration changes of their surface microbial community composition and ARGs in different media by 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing, non-targeted metabolomics and qPCR genomics in the near-shore (I), middle area (Ⅱ) and near-lake (Ⅲ) of Zhushan Bay. The results showed that MPs in fibrous form were dominant in the aquatic environment of Zhushan Bay; Polyurethane (PU) and Silicone were the main MPs types in Zhushan Bay.

Transcriptomic analysis of the effect of deferoxamine exposure on the growth, photosynthetic activity and iron transfer of Microcystis aeruginosa.

Deferoxamine (DFB) is a trihydroxamic acid siderophore that chelates with iron (Fe) to form iron-siderophore complexes. The existence of siderophores in nature changes the form of iron and affects the absorption and utilization of iron by organisms. However, the relationship between siderophores and the growth of Cyanobacteria is largely unknown.

Overview of deep learning based pedestrian attribute recognition and re-identification.

Pedestrian attribute recognition (PAR) and re-identification (ReID) are important works in the area of computer vision, which are widely used in intelligent surveillance and are of great significance to the creation of smart life. The purpose of this article is to focus on organizing a review of ReID based on deep learning and analyze the associations between PAR and ReID. Firstly, we summarize the major ideas of Attribute-Assisted ReID and compare the differences in datasets and algorithmic concerns between the two areas.

Precise detection of water surface through the analysis of a single green waveform from bathymetry LiDAR.

Determination of the correct water surface height (WSH) from green laser (532 nm) echoes alone in bathymetry LiDAR is challenging, as the green laser return near the water surface involves both specular reflection from the air-water interface and backscattered return from the water volume. In this paper, a low-complexity method based on linear approximation of the leading edge (LLE) is proposed. The results of this LLE method were compared with those of three common algorithms of peak detection, half peak power, and surface-volume-bottom implemented on airborne datasets with various surface roughness conditions.

Satellite-derived bathymetry based on machine learning models and an updated quasi-analytical algorithm approach.

Retrieving the water depth by satellite is a rapid and effective method for obtaining underwater terrain. In the optical shallow waters, the bottom signal has a great impact on the radiation from the water which related to water depth. In the optical shallow waters, the spatial distribution characteristic of water quality parameters derived by the updated quasi analysis algorithm (UQAA) is highly correlated with the bottom brightness.

Automatic detection of suspected sewage discharge from coastal outfalls based on Sentinel-2 imagery.

Terrestrial pollution has a great impact on the coastal ecological environment, and widely distributed coastal outfalls act as the final gate through which pollutants flow into rivers and oceans. Thus, effectively monitoring the water quality of coastal outfalls is the key to protecting the ecological environment. Satellite remote sensing provides an attractive way to monitor sewage discharge.

Forward volume scattering function (0.03°-60°) measured using an oblique-incidence particle sizer.

The forward volume scattering function (VSF) is an inherent optical property important in ocean lidar and underwater imaging and communication. The scattered power within 60° contains >90% of total scattered power, making it essential for determining the asymmetry parameter g. Thus, the new oblique-incidence-design Bettersize BT-3000 particle sizer was utilized to measure forward VSF (0.

Investigating impact of cardiorespiratory fitness in reducing brain tissue loss caused by ageing.

Mitigating the loss of brain tissue due to age is a major problem for an ageing population. Improving cardiorespiratory fitness has been suggested as a possible strategy, but the influenceon brain morphology has not been fully characterized. To investigate the dependent shifts in brain tissue distribution as a function of cardiorespiratory fitness, we used a 3D transport-based morphometry approach.

Effect of dexmedetomidine on perioperative hemodynamics and organ protection in children with congenital heart disease: A randomized controlled trial.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on hemodynamics and organ protection in congenital heart disease (CHD) children who underwent open-heart surgery under cryogenic cardiopulmonary bypass.

Methods: Ninety children were randomly allocated to group C (0.9% saline 0.

Capsular Polysaccharide From Protects Against Ulcerative Colitis in an Undegraded Form.

The prominent human symbiont protects animals from intestinal diseases, such as ulcerative colitis, and its capsular polysaccharide plays a key role in reducing inflammation. strain ZY-312 was isolated from the feces of a healthy breast-fed infant, and the zwitterionic capsular polysaccharide zwitterionic polysaccharide, TP2, was extracted. In rats with 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced enteritis, TP2 at an optimal dose of 2.

The association between physical fitness parameters and white matter microstructure in older adults: A diffusion tensor imaging study.

The present study was designed to examine whether different measures of physical fitness are differentially associated with white matter (WM) microstructure in older adults. Fifty-six healthy adults (mean age: 59.14 years) completed a standardized evaluation of physical fitness measurements (e.

Fast-time consecutive confocal image deblurring using spatiotemporal fused regularization.

Confocal fluorescence microscopy has become a cardinal workhorse instrument in biological research due to its high imaging speed and tissue penetration depth. Unfortunately, the sampled fluorescence signals are intrinsically distorted by optical blurs and photon-counting noise, and the deconvolution method has been introduced to attenuate these degradations. In this paper, we focus mainly on scenarios suffering from severe noise due to low exposure time in a fast-imaging system.

Investigating Gains in Neurocognition in an Intervention Trial of Exercise (IGNITE): Protocol.

Despite the ubiquity of normal age-related cognitive decline there is an absence of effective approaches for improving neurocognitive health. Fortunately, moderate intensity exercise is a promising method for improving brain and cognitive health in late life, but its effectiveness remains a matter of skepticism and debate because of the absence of large, comprehensive, Phase III clinical trials. Here we describe the protocol for such a randomized clinical trial called IGNITE (Investigating Gains in Neurocognition in an Intervention Trial of Exercise), a study capable of more definitively addressing whether exercise influences cognitive and brain health in cognitively normal older adults.

Neuroprotection of reduced thyroid hormone with increased estrogen and progestogen in postpartum depression.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a common serious mental health problem. Recent studies have demonstrated that hormone therapy serves as a promising therapeutic approach in managing PPD. The present study aims at exploring the role of thyroid hormone (TH), estrogen and progestogen in patients with PPD.

Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, intraindividual variability in behavior, and cingulate cortex in younger adults.

Background: Higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and greater amounts of physical activity have been associated with lower intraindividual variability (IIV) in executive function in children and older adults. In the present study, we examined whether CRF, measured as maximal oxygen uptake (VO), and daily volume of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) were associated with IIV of reaction time during performance of the incongruent condition of the Stroop task in younger adults. Further, we examined whether the thickness of the cingulate cortex was associated with regulating variability in reaction time performance in the context of CRF or physical activity.

Semi-analytical algorithms of ocean color remote sensing under high solar zenith angles.

With the increasing interest in ocean color remote sensing in polar oceans and geostationary ocean color satellite with diurnal observations, it is unavoidable to encounter ocean color retrievals under high solar zenith angles. Under these scenarios, the capability of current remote sensing algorithms is poorly known. In this study, the performance of the two widely used semi-analytical algorithms for the water inherent optical properties (QAA and GSM01) under high solar zenith angle conditions were firstly evaluated based on global in situ data set (SeaBASS-NOMAD).