Uncertainty-Driven Edge Prompt Generation Network for Medical Image Segmentation.

Segment Anything Model (SAM) is a foundational image segmentation model, which shows superior performance for natural image segmentation tasks. Several SAM-based medical image segmentations have been proposed. However, these SAM-based medical image segmentation methods heavily depend on prior manual guidance involving points, boxes, and coarse-grained masks, which lack adaptability and flexibility.

MA-SAM: A Multi-atlas Guided SAM Using Pseudo Mask Prompts without Manual Annotation for Spine Image Segmentation.

Accurate spine segmentation is crucial in clinical diagnosis and treatment of spine diseases. However, due to the complexity of spine anatomical structure, it has remained a challenging task to accurately segment spine images. Recently, the segment anything model (SAM) has achieved superior performance for image segmentation.

Serum High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Concentrations in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma and Its Association With Histological Grade in a Chinese Population.

Background: Serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) may influence cancer development. However, its relationship with the histological grade of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is not well understood. This study aims to explore the potential associations between serum HDL-c levels and different histological grades of PDAC.

Bilateral synchronous UBE for unilateral laminotomy and bilateral decompression as a potentially effective minimally Invasive approach for two-level lumbar spinal stenosis.

Currently, Unilateral biportal endoscopy is widely used in the surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis. To investigate the feasibility of bilateral synchronous UBE to unilateral laminotomy and bilateral decompression(BS-UBE-ULBD) for treating two-level lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Sixty-four patients with two-level lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) treated with BS-UBE-ULBD from October 2022 to January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed.

The efficacy of 3D gait analysis to evaluate surgical (and rehabilitation) outcome after degenerative lumbar surgery.

Background: Lumbar degenerative conditions are a major cause of back pain and disability in individuals aged 45 and above. Gait analysis utilizes sensor technology to collect movement data, aiding in the evaluation of various gait aspects like spatiotemporal parameters, joint angles, neuromuscular activity, and joint forces. It is widely used in conditions such as cerebral palsy and knee osteoarthritis.

SERS detection of volatile gas in spoiled pork with the Ag/MoS nano-flower cavity/PVDF micron-bowl cavity (FIB) substrate.

Putrescine and cadaverine are significant volatile indicators used to assess the degree of food spoilage. Herein, we propose a micro-nano multi cavity structure for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) to analyze the volatile gas putrescine and cadaverine in decomposing food. The MoS nano-flowers are inserted into a PVDF micro-cavity through in-situ growth, followed by vacuum evaporation technology of Ag nanoparticles to form an Ag/MoS nano-flower cavity/PVDF micron-bowl cavity (FIB) substrate.

MSEF-Net: Multi-scale edge fusion network for lumbosacral plexus segmentation with MR image.

Nerve damage of spine areas is a common cause of disability and paralysis. The lumbosacral plexus segmentation from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans plays an important role in many computer-aided diagnoses and surgery of spinal nerve lesions. Due to the complex structure and low contrast of the lumbosacral plexus, it is difficult to delineate the regions of edges accurately.

Comparison of one-hole split endoscopic discectomy and microendoscopic discectomy in the treatment of lumbar disk herniation: a one-year retrospective cohort study.

Background: We aim to compare and assess the surgical parameters and follow-up information of one-hole split endoscopic discectomy (OSE) and microendoscopic discectomy (MED) in the treatment of LDH.

Methods: This study included 154 patients with degenerative lumbar disk disease. Sixty-eight patients underwent OSE and 86 patients MED.

Biomechanical assessment of different transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion constructs in normal and osteoporotic condition: a finite element analysis.

Background Context: With the aging population, osteoporosis, which leads to poor fusion, has become a common challenge for lumbar surgery. In addition, most people with osteoporosis are elderly individuals with poor surgical tolerance, and poor bone quality can also weaken the stability of internal fixation.

Purpose: This study compared the fixation strength of the bilateral traditional trajectory screw structure (TT-TT), the bilateral cortical bone trajectory screw structure (CBT-CBT), and the hybrid CBT-TT (CBT screws at the cranial level and TT screws at the caudal level) structure under different bone mineral density conditions.

Water pressure method combined with magnifying endoscopy for esophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Poor visual field and limited submucosal space could obstruct endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and increase the risk of complications. In this manuscript, we presented ESD assisted by water pressure method and magnifying endoscopy for a difficult case of early esophageal cancer.

Phosphorylated STAT3 as a potential diagnostic and predictive biomarker in ALK ALCL vs. CD30 PTCL, NOS.

Aims: The differential diagnosis between ALK-negative anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALK ALCL) and peripheral T-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified (PTCL, NOS) with high expression of CD30 (CD30) are essential. However, no reliable biomarker is available in daily practice except CD30. STAT3 is characteristically activated in ALCL.

Cyclic helix B peptide alleviates proinflammatory cell death and improves functional recovery after traumatic spinal cord injury.

Background: Necroptosis and pyroptosis, two types of proinflammatory programmed cell death, were recently found to play important roles in spinal cord injury (SCI). Moreover, cyclic helix B peptide (CHBP) was designed to maintain erythropoietin (EPO) activity and protect tissue against the adverse effects of EPO. However, the protective mechanism of CHBP following SCI is still unknown.

LSP-SPP Coupling Structure Based on Three-Dimensional Patterned Sapphire Substrate for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensing.

Although the fabrication of controllable three-dimensional (3D) microstructures on substrates has been proposed as an effective solution for SERS, there remains a gap in the detection and manufacturability of 3D substrates with high performance. In this study, photolithography is adopted to obtain a pyramid-like array on a patterned sapphire substrate (PSS), with AlO as the dielectric layer. In addition, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are used to decorate Au films to obtain mass-producible 3D SRES substrates.

Plantar and dorsal approaches for excision of morton's neuroma: a comparison study.

Background: Morton's neuroma is a painful enlargement of the plantar digital nerve between the metatarsal heads that causes pain of the forefoot. Several approaches have been used to treat Morton's neuroma, each of them having distinct advantages and disadvantages.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the clinical outcomes of neurectomy in the treatment of Morton's neuroma through plantar and dorsal approaches.

Residual-atrous attention network for lumbosacral plexus segmentation with MR image.

Accurate segmentation of the lumbosacral plexus is a crucial step for diagnosis and analysis of nerve damage in clinical. Due to the extremely low contrast and complicated structure around the lumbosacral plexus, it has been remaining a challenging task to effectively segment the lumbosacral plexus from spinal MR images. Even though several deep learning methods for spine segmentation have been developed, most of them only pay attention to the segmentation of vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs rather than nerves.

The mechanism underlying the TC-G 1008 rescue of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced osteoblast apoptosis by the upregulation of peroxiredoxin 1.

Osteoporosis is a common bone disease in the elderly with high morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have shown ROS-revulsive osteoblast apoptosis to be involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. At present, a research hotspot exists on the topic of the ROS-targeted clinical treatment of osteoporosis.

Comparison of two internal fixation systems in lumbar spondylolysis by finite element methods.

Background And Purpose: Internal fixation surgeries are currently the most effective treatments for lumbar spondylolysis, but the optimal fixation method is still on debate. This study was designed to compare the biomechanical characteristics of two fixation methods for lumbar spondylolysis, the pedicle screw-U shape rod (PSUSR) internal fixation system, and the pedicle screw-vertebral plate hook (PSVPH) internal fixation system, through three-dimensional finite element analysis, expecting to provide clinical guidance.

Methods: Four finite element models (A, B, C, D) of L4-S1 vertebral body of a female patient were reconstructed by CT image segmentation.

Concurrent Treatment with Vitamin K2 and D3 on Spine Fusion in Patients with Osteoporosis-Associated Lumbar Degenerative Disorders.

Study Design: A prospective and nonrandomized concurrent controlled trial.

Objective: To address the early effects of concurrent treatment with vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 on fusion rates in patients who have undergone spinal surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: Intervertebral pseudarthrosis has been reported after transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) or posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF), especially in patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis.

Prednisolone induces osteocytes apoptosis by promoting Notum expression and inhibiting PI3K/AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway.

The apoptosis of mature osteocytes is the main factor causing damage to the microstructure of cortical bone in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). Our previous research found damaged areas and empty osteocytes lacunae in the tibial cortical bone of GIOP mice. However, the specific mechanism has not been clarified.

Output energy enhancement in a mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser using CVD-BiSe as a saturable absorber.

In this study, the output energy in topological insulators (TIs)-based Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) was improved using two strategies: bidirectional pumped laser cavity and saturable absorber (SA) with high damage threshold and large modulation depth. Using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, Bismuth Selenide (BiSe) film was synthesized and improved to a SA. Employing this CVD-BiSe SA in an EDFL, bright and bright-dark soliton operations were achieved.

GPR39 agonist TC-G 1008 promotes osteoblast differentiation and mineralization in MC3T3-E1 cells.

Osteoporosis-related bone fracture and falls have a severe impact on patients' daily lives. Osteoblasts are bone-building cells that play a vital role in bone formation and remodeling. Imbalanced osteoblast differentiation could lead to osteoporosis.

Modelling tri-cortical pedicle screw fixation in thoracic vertebrae under osteoporotic condition: A finite element analysis based on computed tomography.

Background And Objective: The technique of tri-cortical pedicle screw (TCPS) has been used to improve the anchoring strength in the sacral vertebrae. However, no studies have reported their application in the thoracic vertebrae. Our research is aimed to assess the stability and strength of the TCPS in thoracic vertebrae under osteoporotic condition by three dimensional (3D) finite element method on the basis of medical image reconstruction using computed tomography (CT), and verifying its effectiveness in clinical application.