Parent Stress as a Consideration in Childhood Obesity Prevention: Results from the Guelph Family Health Study, a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Parents' stress is independently associated with increased child adiposity, but parents' stress may also interfere with childhood obesity prevention programs. The disruptions to the family dynamic caused by participating in a behaviour change intervention may exacerbate parent stress and undermine overall intervention efficacy. This study explored how family stress levels were impacted by participation in a home-based obesity prevention intervention.

Association between diet quality and food waste in Canadian families: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Higher diet quality has been associated with greater amounts of food waste among adults in the United States. This study aims to build on previous work by examining the association between diet quality and food waste, as assessed using detailed waste audits, among a sample of Canadian families.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from 85 Canadian families with young children.

Dairy and Plant-Based Dairy Alternatives Purchasing Habits of Guelph-Based Families with Preschool-Aged Children.

To investigate dairy and plant-based dairy alternatives (DPBDA) purchasing habits, including comparisons among locations of purchase and among subtypes of DPBDA, of families with preschool-aged children. Expenditures on food and DPBDA were calculated using grocery and food receipts collected for 3 weeks from 51 households in and around Guelph, Ontario, Canada. DPBDA were coded by subtypes (alternatives, cheese/yogurt, cow's milk, cream, and ice cream/other) and by locations of purchase, which were coded as big-box, discount, high-end, local/other, and midrange stores.

Fathers' food parenting: A scoping review of the literature from 1990 to 2019.

Background: While food parenting is a robust area of inquiry, studies have largely focused on mothers. Given the diversity of family structures today and increases in fathers' engagement in caregiving, fathers' food parenting warrants attention.

Objective: We present a scoping review of research on fathers' food parenting (1990-2019).

Use of local genetic ancestry to assess -523' and risk for Alzheimer disease.

Objective: Here, we re-examine -523' as a race/ethnicity-specific risk modifier for late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) with adjustment for local genomic ancestry (LGA) in (4 haplotypes.

Methods: The -523' size was determined by fragment analysis and whole genome sequencing in homozygous 3 and 4 haplotypes of African (AF) or European (EUR) ancestry. The risk for LOAD was assessed within groups by allele size.

Effect of Extra-Framework Cations on Negative Linear Compressibility and High-Pressure Phase Transitions: A Study of KCd[Ag(CN)].

The negative thermal expansion material potassium cadmium dicyanoargentate, KCd[Ag(CN)], is studied at high pressure using a combination of X-ray single-crystal diffraction, X-ray powder diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. In common with the isostructural manganese analogue, KMn[Ag(CN)], this material is shown to exhibit very strong negative linear compressibility (NLC) in the crystallographic direction due to structure hinging. We find increased structural flexibility results in enhanced NLC and NTE properties, but this also leads to two pressure-induced phase transitions-to very large unit cells involving octahedral tilting and shearing of the structure-below 2 GPa.

WARRIORS: An Educational Initiative Improving Clinical Judgment and Safety in Medication Administration.

Background: Medication administration requires rigorous clinical reasoning leading to sound clinical judgment for positive patient outcomes. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing is implementing a clinical judgment model for the licensure examination.

Method: To support the practice of clinical judgment in administering medication, improve patient safety, and better prepare nursing students for their licensure examination, a clinical reasoning initiative was developed to reflect the judgment needed for safe medication administration.

Exploring the Perceptions of and Experiences with Traditional Foods among First Nations Female Youth: A Participatory Photovoice Study.

Traditional foods contribute to the health and well-being of Indigenous Peoples. Many Indigenous Peoples within Canada have expressed a desire to consume more traditional foods; however, there are a number of barriers to doing so. Southern and urban communities face unique challenges associated with traditional food consumption.

Stress is Associated with Adiposity in Parents of Young Children.

Objective: This study investigated associations between stress (general stress, parenting distress, and household chaos) and adiposity among parents of young children.

Methods: The sample consisted of 49 mothers and 61 fathers from 70 families with young children living in Ontario, Canada. Linear regression using generalized estimating equations was used to investigate associations between stress measures and BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR), and percent fat mass.

genotype regulates pathology and disease progression in synucleinopathy.

Apolipoprotein E () ε4 genotype is associated with increased risk of dementia in Parkinson's disease (PD), but the mechanism is not clear, because patients often have a mixture of α-synuclein (αSyn), amyloid-β (Aβ), and tau pathologies. ε4 exacerbates brain Aβ pathology, as well as tau pathology, but it is not clear whether genotype independently regulates αSyn pathology. In this study, we generated A53T αSyn transgenic mice (A53T) on knockout (A53T/EKO) or human knockin backgrounds (A53T/E2, E3, and E4).

Exceptionally low likelihood of Alzheimer's dementia in APOE2 homozygotes from a 5,000-person neuropathological study.

Each additional copy of the apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele is associated with a higher risk of Alzheimer's dementia, while the APOE2 allele is associated with a lower risk of Alzheimer's dementia, it is not yet known whether APOE2 homozygotes have a particularly low risk. We generated Alzheimer's dementia odds ratios and other findings in more than 5,000 clinically characterized and neuropathologically characterized Alzheimer's dementia cases and controls. APOE2/2 was associated with a low Alzheimer's dementia odds ratios compared to APOE2/3 and 3/3, and an exceptionally low odds ratio compared to APOE4/4, and the impact of APOE2 and APOE4 gene dose was significantly greater in the neuropathologically confirmed group than in more than 24,000 neuropathologically unconfirmed cases and controls.

Multitrait analysis of glaucoma identifies new risk loci and enables polygenic prediction of disease susceptibility and progression.

Glaucoma, a disease characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration, can be prevented through timely diagnosis and treatment. We characterize optic nerve photographs of 67,040 UK Biobank participants and use a multitrait genetic model to identify risk loci for glaucoma. A glaucoma polygenic risk score (PRS) enables effective risk stratification in unselected glaucoma cases and modifies penetrance of the MYOC variant encoding p.

Right Ventricular Outflow Doppler Predicts Low Cardiac Index in Intermediate Risk Pulmonary Embolism.

Intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) has variable outcomes. Current risk stratification models lack the positive predictive value to identify patients at highest risk of PE-related mortality. We identified intermediate-risk PE patients who underwent catheter-based interventions and right heart catheterization (RHC) and identified those with low cardiac index (CI < 2.

: What Matters to Youth with ASD regarding Weight and Their Bodies?

: Childhood overweight and obesity, in addition to weight stigma, can result in numerous physical and psychosocial conditions. Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are at a higher risk of developing overweight/obesity than their typically developing peers, yet we know little about what matters to them with regards to weight and their bodies.: Eight semi-structured interviews were conducted with youth with ASD.

CHOROIDAL VASCULARITY INDEX AND CHOROIDAL THICKNESS IN EYES WITH RETICULAR PSEUDODRUSEN.

Purpose: To evaluate choroidal vascularity index (CVI), choroidal thickness, choroidal volume, and choroidal intensity in subjects with nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (NNVAMD) with and without reticular pseudodrusen (RPD).

Methods: We included 60 eyes of 35 subjects with NNVAMD (including 30 eyes of 18 subjects with RPD) and 30 eyes of 17 age-matched healthy individuals from the ongoing Amish Eye study. The choroid was segmented from dense volume spectral domain optical coherence tomography scans and choroidal thickness (microns), choroidal intensity (log units), and choroidal volume (mm) from the entire macula (6 × 6 mm) were computed.

Education Moderates the Relation Between APOE ɛ4 and Memory in Nondemented Non-Hispanic Black Older Adults.

Background: The APOEɛ4 allele is a well-known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous research argues that higher education helps to preserve cognition in older adults with AD pathology because of its key role in cognitive reserve and resilience.

Objective: To test if higher educational level buffers the effect of APOEɛ4 on cognition among older non-Hispanic Blacks.

Retinal Sensitivity Using Microperimetry in Age-Related Macular Degeneration in an Amish Population.

Background And Objectives: To evaluate retinal sensitivity (RS) by mesopic and scotopic microperimetry (MP-1S) in an elderly Amish population with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Patients And Methods: Mesopic and scotopic microperimetric testing was performed in 148 eyes of 77 elderly Amish subjects (age > 50 years) from Pennsylvania using a retinal function analyzer. Scotopic testing was performed using a 2.

Pathway Analysis Integrating Genome-Wide and Functional Data Identifies PLCG2 as a Candidate Gene for Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the worldwide leading cause of blindness among the elderly. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified AMD risk variants, their roles in disease etiology are not well-characterized, and they only explain a portion of AMD heritability.

Methods: We performed pathway analyses using summary statistics from the International AMD Genomics Consortium's 2016 GWAS and multiple pathway databases to identify biological pathways wherein genetic association signals for AMD may be aggregating.

Valuing the Multiple Impacts of Household Food Waste.

The Commission for Environmental Cooperation (CEC) has estimated that Canadian households waste 85 kg of food per person annually. Food waste has become an increasingly common focus for policy, regulation, interventions, and awareness-raising efforts in Canada. However, there is still a relative dearth of data to inform such decision-making processes or to provide narratives to contextualize behavior change efforts.

Associations between Family Meal Context and Diet Quality among Preschool-Aged Children in the Guelph Family Health Study.

To explore the associations between family meal context and overall diet quality of Canadian preschool-aged children. Cross-sectional analysis of 95 preschool-aged children from 72 families. Measures about health behaviours and the family meal environment were drawn from selected questionnaire items.

Sex differences in the genetic predictors of Alzheimer's pathology.

Autopsy measures of Alzheimer's disease neuropathology have been leveraged as endophenotypes in previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, despite evidence of sex differences in Alzheimer's disease risk, sex-stratified models have not been incorporated into previous GWAS analyses. We looked for sex-specific genetic associations with Alzheimer's disease endophenotypes from six brain bank data repositories.

Association of a Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Genetic Risk Score With Earlier Age at Diagnosis.

Importance: Genetic variants associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) are known to influence disease risk. However, the clinical effect of associated variants individually or in aggregate is not known. Genetic risk scores (GRS) examine the cumulative genetic load by combining individual genetic variants into a single measure, which is assumed to have a larger effect and increased power to detect relevant disease-related associations.