Publications by authors named "Hainan Tian"

Land plants use diverse hormones to coordinate their growth, development and responses against biotic and abiotic stresses. Salicylic acid (SA) is an essential hormone in plant immunity, with its levels and signaling tightly regulated to ensure a balanced immune output. Over the past three decades, molecular genetic analyses performed primarily in Arabidopsis have elucidated the biosynthesis and signal transduction pathways of key plant hormones, including abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, auxin, cytokinin, brassinosteroids, and gibberellin.

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Metacaspases (MCs) are structural homologs of mammalian caspases found in plants, fungi, and protozoa. Type-I MCs carry an N-terminal prodomain, the function of which is unclear. Through genetic analysis of Arabidopsis mc2-1, a T-DNA insertion mutant of MC2, we demonstrated that the prodomain of metacaspase 2 (MC2) promotes immune signaling mediated by pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs).

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The plant hormone ABA (abscisic acid) regulates plant responses to abiotic stresses by regulating the expression of ABA response genes. However, the functions of a large portion of ABA response genes have remained unclear. We report in this study the identification of ASDs (ABA-inducible signal peptide-containing DUF538 proteins), a subgroup of DUF538 proteins with a signal peptide, as the regulators of plant responses to ABA in Arabidopsis.

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The plant hormone ABA (abscisic acid) is able to regulate plant responses to abiotic stresses via regulating the expression of ABA response genes. BIC1 (Blue-light Inhibitor of Cryptochromes 1) and BIC2 have been identified as the inhibitors of plant cryptochrome functions, and are involved in the regulation of plant development and metabolism in . In this study, we report the identification of BIC2 as a regulator of ABA responses in .

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The plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) is able to regulate the expression of ABA-responsive genes via signaling transduction, and thus plays an important role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses. Hence, characterization of unknown ABA response genes may enable us to identify novel regulators of ABA and abiotic stress responses. By using RT-PCR analysis, we found that the expression levels of ()and , two closely related unknown function genes, were increased in response to ABA treatment.

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The basic region/leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor AtbZIP62 is involved in the regulation of plant responses to abiotic stresses, including drought and salinity stresses, NO transport, and basal defense in Arabidopsis. It is unclear if it plays a role in regulating plant responses to abscisic acid (ABA), a phytohormone that can regulate plant abiotic stress responses via regulating downstream ABA-responsive genes. Using RT-PCR analysis, we found that the expression level of was increased in response to exogenously applied ABA.

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Article Synopsis
  • Abiotic stresses like salt and drought challenge plant growth, and the hormone ABA plays a crucial role in regulating how plants respond to these stresses and manage gene expression.
  • Characterization of the AtS40-1 gene, a type of DUF584 protein, shows it is significantly induced by ABA and influences plant responses to both ABA and salt stress in Arabidopsis through genetic manipulation.
  • The study indicates that AtS40-1 enhances ABA responses and salt tolerance, affecting the expression of various key genes involved in ABA signaling, suggesting its role as a regulator of plant stress responses.
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Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates plant responses to abiotic stresses via regulating the expression of downstream genes, yet the functions of many ABA responsive genes remain unknown. We report here the characterization of , a R2R3 MYB transcription factor in regulating ABA responses in . RT-PCR results show that the expression level of was increased in response to ABA treatment.

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Breeding of stress-tolerant plants is able to improve crop yield under stress conditions, whereas CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing has been shown to be an efficient way for molecular breeding to improve agronomic traits including stress tolerance in crops. However, genes can be targeted for genome editing to enhance crop abiotic stress tolerance remained largely unidentified. We have previously identified abscisic acid (ABA)-induced transcription repressors () as a novel family of transcription factors that are involved in the regulation of ABA signaling, and we found that knockout of the entire family of genes in Arabidopsis enhanced drought and salinity tolerance without fitness costs.

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SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED RESISTANCE DEFICIENT 1 (SARD1) and CALMODULIN-BINDING PROTEIN 60g (CBP60g) are two master transcription factors that regulate many defense-related genes in plant immunity. They are required for immunity downstream of the receptor-like protein SUPPRESSOR OF NPR1-1, CONSTITUTIVE 2 (SNC2). Constitutive defense responses in the gain-of-function autoimmune mutant are modestly affected in either or single mutants but completely suppressed in the double mutant.

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The Arabidopsis WD40 repeat protein TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1) regulates cell fate determination, including trichome initiation and root hair formation, as well as secondary metabolism such as flavonoid biosynthesis and seed coat mucilage production. TTG1 regulates different processes via regulating the expression of its downstream target genes by forming MYB-bHLH-WD40 (MBW) activator complexes with different R2R3 MYB and bHLH transcription factors. Here, we report the identification of the carboxyl (C)-terminus as a critical domain for TTG1's functions in Arabidopsis.

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Plant immune responses are mainly activated by two types of receptor. Pattern recognition receptors localized on the plasma membrane perceive extracellular microbial features, and nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) recognize intracellular effector proteins from pathogens. NLRs possessing amino-terminal Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains activate defence responses via the NADase activity of the TIR domain.

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SARD1 and CBP60g are two master regulators in plant immunity. They are required for the constitutive defense responses in the Arabidopsis mutant, which carries a gain-of-function mutation in a receptor-like protein. Here we report that WRKY54 and WRKY70 are required for activation of and expression and defense responses in .

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Auxin is one of the traditional plant hormones, whereas peptide hormones are peptides with hormone activities. Both auxin and plant peptide hormones regulate multiple aspects of plant growth and development, and there are cross-talks between auxin and plant peptide hormones. PAMP-INDUCED SECRETED PEPTIDES (PIPs) and PIP-LIKEs (PIPLs) are a new family of plant peptide hormone, and PIPL3/TARGET OF LBD SIXTEEN 2 (TOLS2) has been shown to regulate lateral root formation in .

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The tradeoff between growth and defense is a critical aspect of plant immunity. Therefore, the plant immune response needs to be tightly regulated. Salicylic acid (SA) is an important plant hormone regulating defense against biotrophic pathogens.

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Backgorund: Environmental stresses including abiotic stresses and biotic stresses limit yield of plants. Stress-tolerant breeding is an efficient way to improve plant yield under stress conditions. Genome editing by CRISPR/Cas9 can be used in molecular breeding to improve agronomic traits in crops, but in most cases, with fitness costs.

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Expression of stress response genes can be regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) dependent and ABA independent pathways. Osmotic stresses promote ABA accumulation, therefore inducing the expression of stress response genes via ABA signaling. Whereas cold and heat stresses induce the expression of stress response genes via ABA independent pathway.

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The plant defense hormone salicylic acid (SA) is perceived by two classes of receptors, NPR1 and NPR3/NPR4. They function in two parallel pathways to regulate SA-induced defense gene expression. To better understand the roles of the SA receptors in plant defense, we systematically analyzed their contributions to different aspects of Arabidopsis () plant immunity using the SA-insensitive double mutant.

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TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1) is a WD40 repeat protein. The phenotypes caused by loss-of-function of were observed about half a century ago, but the gene was identified only about twenty years ago. Since then, TTG1 has been found to be a plant-specific regulator with multiple roles and multiple functional mechanisms.

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Disruption of the MEKK1-MKK1/MKK2-MPK4 kinase cascade leads to activation of immunity mediated by the nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptor SUMM2, which monitors the phosphorylation status of CRCK3. Here we report that two receptor-like kinases (RLKs), MDS1, and MDS2, function redundantly to promote SUMM2-mediated immunity. Activation of SUMM2-mediated immunity is dependent on MDS1, and to a less extent on MDS2.

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ABA regulates abiotic stress tolerance in plants via activating/repressing gene expression. However, the functions of many ABA response genes remained unknown. C/VIFs are proteinaceous inhibitors of the CWI and VI invertases.

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Two signal molecules, salicylic acid (SA) and N-hydroxypipecolic acid (NHP), play critical roles in plant immunity. The biosynthetic genes of both compounds are positively regulated by master immune-regulating transcription factors SARD1 and CBP60g. However, the relationship between the SA and NHP pathways is unclear.

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Both seed size and abiotic stress tolerance are important agronomic traits in crops. In Arabidopsis, two closely related transcription repressors DPA4 (Development-Related PcG Target in the APEX4)/NGAL3 and SOD7 (Suppressor of )/NGAL2 (NGATHA-like protein) function redundantly to regulate seed size, which was increased in the double mutants. Whereas ABA-induced transcription repressors (AITRs) are involved in the regulation of ABA signaling and abiotic stress tolerance, Arabidopsis () triple mutant showed enhanced tolerance to drought and salt.

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Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling plays important roles in diverse biological processes. In , MPK3/MPK6, MKK4/MKK5, and the MAPKKK YODA (YDA) form a MAPK pathway that negatively regulates stomatal development. Brassinosteroid (BR) stimulates this pathway to inhibit stomata production.

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