A Novel Modality Enables New Evidence-Based Individual Risk Stratification That Can Potentially Lead to Decisive Management and Treatment Decisions in Prostate Cancer.

A key step in providing management/treatment options to men with suspected prostate cancer (PCa) is categorizing the risk in terms of the presence of benign, low-risk, intermediate-risk, or high-risk disease. Our novel modality brings new evidence, based on the long-known hallmark characteristic of PCa-decreased zinc (Zn), which is the most direct metabolic sign of malignancy and its aggressiveness. To date, this approach has not been adopted for clinical use for a number of reasons that are described in this article, and which have been addressed by our approach.

Can We Predict a Higher Risk of Urothelial Bladder Cancer With a Simple Blood Test?

Background/aim: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need to develop tools prioritizing high risk patients for urgent evaluation. Our objective was to determine whether Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), an inflammation-based score, can predict higher grade and stage urothelial bladder cancer in patients with gross hematuria who need urgent evaluation.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed a database of 129 consecutive patients presenting with gross hematuria.

Preoperative 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT defines a subgroup of high-risk prostate cancer patients with favorable outcomes after radical prostatectomy and lymph node dissection.

Background: High-risk prostate cancer is associated with adverse pathology and unfavorable outcomes after radical prostatectomy. Ga-PSMA PET/CT is more accurate than conventional imaging for preoperative staging. We aimed to evaluate whether lymph node involvement on Ga-PSMA PET/CT prior to radical prostatectomy in patients with high-risk prostate cancer is associated with worse short-term oncologic outcomes.

The effect of delaying transperineal fusion biopsy of the prostate for patients with suspicious MRI findings-Implications for the COVID-19 era.

Objective: Image guided biopsies are an integral part of prostate cancer evaluation. The effect of delaying biopsies of suspicious prostate mpMRI lesions is uncertain and clinically relevant during the COVID-19 crisis. We evaluated the association between biopsy delay time and pathologic findings on subsequent prostate biopsy.

Long-term biochemical progression-free survival following brachytherapy for prostate cancer: Further insight into the role of short-term androgen deprivation and intermediate risk group subclassification.

Introduction: Brachytherapy is a well-established treatment of localized prostate cancer. Few studies have documented long-term results, specifically biochemical progression-free survival (bPFS) in men with brachytherapy alone, with or without short-term androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), or in combination with external beam radiotherapy (EBRT). Our aim was to analyze long-term bPFS of brachytherapy treated patients.

Can urologists accurately stage and grade urothelial bladder cancer by assessing endoscopic photographs?

Introduction Assessment of urothelial bladder cancer during cystoscopy or transurethral resection of bladder tumour has a significant impact on the urologist's decision-making: treatment with simple outpatient fulguration, required depth of resection, and need of immediate post-surgical intravesical therapy. These choices depend heavily on the urologist's ability to accurately assess pre-biopsy tumour stage and grade. The aim of the study was to determine whether evaluation of photographs taken during transurethral resection of bladder tumour can reliably characterize a tumour's stage and grade.

High cancer detection rate using cognitive fusion - targeted transperineal prostate biopsies.

Objective: MRI of the prostate improves diagnostic accuracy of prostate cancer. Different fusion approaches with transrectal ultrasound images are employed. To determine detection rate of prostate cancer in men undergoing transperineal MRIbased cognitive fusion biopsy.

A Novel Urine-Based Assay for Bladder Cancer Diagnosis: Multi-Institutional Validation Study.

Background: CellDetect is a unique histochemical stain enabling color and morphological discrimination between malignant and benign cells based on differences in metabolic signature.

Objective: The objective of the present study was to validate the performance of this assay in a controlled, blinded, multicenter study.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The study, conducted in nine hospitals, included patients with documented history of bladder cancer, monitored for urothelial carcinoma (UCC) or scheduled for bladder cancer surgery.

Implementation of supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy: a novel position for an old operation.

Introduction: Supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has become increasingly widespread during the last 2 decades. The aim of this study was to analyze the transition from prone to mainly supine PCNL in 2 endourologic centers.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data on 214 consecutive supine PCNLs divided into the first (2011-2013) and last (2014-2016) 3 years of this study.

Upper Calyx Accessibility Through a Lower Calyx Access Is Not Influenced by Morphometric and Clinical Factors in Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Objective: To assess whether morphometric and clinical parameters influence accessibility to the upper calyx through a lower calyx tract during supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SPCNL).

Patients And Methods: Data for 114 consecutive SPCNLs performed between June 2014 and March 2016 in an academic medical center were analyzed. Successful approachability was defined as rigid nephroscopic access to the upper calyx introduced through a lower calyx access as attested by direct visualization of the upper calyx papillae and position of the nephroscope on intraoperative pyelography.

Sulfadiazine-Induced Obstructive Nephropathy Presenting with Upper Urinary Tract Extravasation.

Obstructive nephropathy is an uncommon side effect of sulfadiazine, which is used for the treatment of toxoplasmosis. We present a case of acute renal colic and urine extravasation of a patient shortly after she was started on this medication. A 31-year-old female presented with acute renal colic 2 weeks after starting treatment with sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine for ocular toxoplasmosis.

Upper Calyx Approachability through a Lower Calyx Access for Prone Versus Supine Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy.

Purpose: We assessed the approachability of the upper calyx through lower calyx access for prone and supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy and used computerized tomography to analyze anatomical factors that may influence it.

Materials And Methods: A prospective series of 45 patients treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy were operated on in the prone (20) and supine (25) positions. Computerized tomography simulated access to the lower and upper calyx longitudinal axes were used to measure skin-to-lower calyx distance, thickness of the body wall, muscle and fat, the muscle-to-fat thickness ratio and the angle between the lower calyx tract and the upper calyx axis.

[Position statement for the diagnosis and treatment of men with benign prostate enlargement and lower urinary tract symptoms].

Benign prostate enlargement causing lower urinary symptoms is a common progressive phenomenon in adult men. Lower urinary tract symptoms may emerge during the storage, voiding, and post micturition phases, harm quality of life and may be caused by a variety of factors. The purpose of evaluation is to identify benign prostate enlargement and factors other than enlarged prostate as the cause of symptoms, and recognize the risk factors for progression of the condition.

Comparison between preoperative and real-time intraoperative planning ¹²⁵I permanent prostate brachytherapy: long-term clinical biochemical outcome.

Background: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the long-term clinical outcome through biochemical no evidence of disease (bNED) rates among men with low to intermediate risk prostate cancer treated with two different brachytherapy implant techniques: preoperative planning (PP) and real-time planning (IoP).

Methods: From June 1998 to July 2011, 1176 men with median age of 67 years and median follow-up of 47 months underwent transperineal ultrasound-guided prostate ¹²⁵I-brachytherapy using either PP (132) or IoP (1044) for clinical T1c-T2b prostate adenocarcinoma Gleason <8 and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) <20 ng/ml. Men with Gleason 7 received combination of brachytherapy, external beam radiation and 6-month androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).

HIF1A C1772T polymorphism leads to HIF-1α mRNA overexpression in prostate cancer patients.

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) gene polymorphisms have been investigated for a possible role in mediating genetic predisposition to cancer. Our previous data show that men homozygous to C1772T polymorphism had 4-fold risk to develop prostate cancer. Therefore, we studied the effects of C1772T polymorphism on HIF-1α expression.

High detection rate of significant prostate tumours in anterior zones using transperineal ultrasound-guided template saturation biopsy.

Unlabelled: Study Type - Diagnostic (exploratory cohort) Level of Evidence 2b. What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Men with persistent suspicion for prostate cancer after previous negative standard transrectal biopsy series are offered saturation biopsy either transrectally or transperineally to increase cancer detection rate. A high-risk group of men with at least two previous negative transrectal biopsies underwent transperineal template-guided saturation biopsy.

Validation and comparison of the two Kattan nomograms in patients with prostate cancer treated with (125) iodine brachytherapy.

Unlabelled: Study Type - Prognostic (cohort) Level of Evidence 2b What's known on the subject? and What does the study add? Nomograms are based on large patient population. Their applicability should be externally validated. Among 747 brachytherapy patients we evaluated two Kattan nonograms and conclude that they have limited value to predict PSA-free survival.

Endourological procedures and sexual dysfunction: a prospective multivariate analysis.

Objective: To investigate whether endourological interventions are associated with postoperative sexual dysfunction.

Patients And Methods: The study comprises a consecutive and prospective series of patients, referred for endourological procedures. General anaesthesia was used and JJ stents were placed when required.

Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy: first 200 cases in Israel.

Background: Tubeless percutaneous nephrolithotomy is defined as PCNL without postoperative nephrostomy tubes. It is reported to reduce postoperative pain, hospital stay and recovery time. To date the procedure has been reserved for selected patients.

Prospective comparison of PSA kinetics following two different prostate cancer brachytherapy planning methods: preoperative and real-time intraoperative dosimetry planning.

Objectives: Preoperative planning (PP) and intraoperative planning (IoP) are established (125)I-brachytherapy techniques for the treatment of localized prostate cancer. We prospectively compared the effects of each method on reducing PSA levels.

Materials And Methods: One hundred eighty patients treated with brachytherapy as monotherapy without neoadjuvant androgen deprivation therapy or external beam radiation using PP (75) or IoP (105) methodologies and with ≥ 5 years of follow-up were included in the study.

Detection of prostate specific transcripts in the peripheral blood during brachytherapy predicts postoperative PSA kinetics.

Background: We evaluated whether detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human kallikrein 2 (hK2) transcripts in the peripheral blood during brachytherapy could predict biochemical outcome.

Methods: Eighty-one patients who underwent (125)Iodine-based brachytherapy for localized prostate cancer (Gleason score <8, PSA <20 ng/ml, stage View Article and Find Full Text PDF