Unveiling the rarity: A case report of giant peritoneal loose body.

Peritoneal loose bodies, also referred to as peritoneal mice, are formed by torsion of epiploic appendages detaching from the large bowel, subsequently becoming loose within the peritoneal cavity. While often discovered incidentally during laparotomy or autopsy, emerging reports suggest they can manifest with diverse symptoms. Here, we present a 61-year-old patient experiencing lower abdominal pain and irritative voiding symptoms, ultimately diagnosed with a giant peritoneal loose body measuring 6.

A new stegosaur (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Middle Jurassic of Gansu Province, China.

Stegosaurs are a minor but iconic clade of ornithischian dinosaurs, yet due to a poor fossil record, their early evolution is poorly understood. Here, we describe a new stegosaur, Baiyinosaurus baojiensis, gen. et sp.

Epidemiology and field efficacy of anthelmintic drugs associated with gastrointestinal nematodes of sheep in Nejo district, Oromia, Ethiopia.

Gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs) are major constraints to health and productivity of small ruminants. Methods of their control relies mainly on anthelmintic drugs; however, the indiscriminate use of these drugs could lead to the development of anthelmintic resistance (AR). This study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of GINs infection, and field evaluation of anthelmintic efficacy in sheep.

Occurrence of Diarrheagenic Pathogens and Their Coinfection Profiles in Diarrheic Under Five Children and Tracked Human Contacts in Urban and Rural Settings of Eastern Ethiopia.

Diarrheagenic , , Nontyphoidal , and are common cause of childhood diarrhea in countries like Ethiopia, but data on their sources and coinfection profiles is limited. A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to January 2023 to determine the prevalence, coinfection, and monthly occurrence rates of major diarrheagenic bacteria in diarrheic under five children and asymptomatic contacts at urban and rural settings in Ethiopia. A total of 345 stool samples were collected from; 262 diarrheic children visiting Hiwot Fana Hospital, Kersa, and Adelle Health Centers; and 83 caretakers and siblings through case based contact tracing.

High inter-rater reliability between physicians and nurses utilising modified Downes' scores in preterm respiratory distress.

Aim: To assess the inter-rater reliability of modified Downes' scores assigned by physicians and nurses in the Ethiopian Neonatal Network and to calculate the concordance of score-based treatment for preterm infants with respiratory distress.

Methods: We included preterm infants admitted from June 2020 to July 2021 to four tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) of the Ethiopian Neonatal Network that presented with respiratory distress. We calculated the kappa statistic to determine the nurse and physician correlation for each component of the modified Downes' score and total score on admission and evaluated the concordance of scores above and below the treatment threshold of 4.

Production practice, microbial quality and consumer acceptability test of traditionally produced butter in North Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.

'The study was conducted to evaluate the production practices and microbial quality of butter produced in North Shoa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia. The result of the study revealed that the educational status of households in the study area was 53.3% illiterate, 33.

Incidence of extubation failure and its predictors among adult patients in intensive care unit of low-resource setting: A prospective observational study.

Background: Previous studies have found an association between various predictors and extubation failure (EF) in intensive care units (ICUs). However, this problem remains unexplored in low-resource settings, where predicting the extubation outcomes are more challenging. This study investigates the incidence of EF and its predictors among patients who received mechanical ventilation (MV).

Harsh Physical Discipline: Prevalence and Associated Factors Among Primary Caregivers of Pre-school Children in Ethiopia.

Harsh parental discipline is ineffective and potentially harmful to children, yet it is still common, particularly in many African countries. Culturally responsive education programs are needed to shift parenting practices in African countries, but there is limited baseline research to inform such efforts. This study's objectives were to establish the baseline prevalence of harsh physical discipline practices among primary caregivers of pre-school children in Ethiopia and to identify associated factors to inform intervention efforts.

The perceived effects of COVID-19 pandemic on female genital mutilation/cutting and child or forced marriages in Kenya, Uganda, Ethiopia and Senegal.

Background: The effects of COVID-19 on harmful traditional practices such Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting (FGM/C) and Child or Forced Marriages (CFM) have not been well documented. We examined respondents' perceptions on how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected FGM/C and CFM in Kenya, Uganda, Senegal, and Ethiopia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study design with a mixed methods approach was used.

Magnitude of infertility and associated factors among women attending selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The World Health Organization estimated that approximately 48 million couples and 186 million people are infertile worldwide. Although the problem of infertility is increasing worldwide, as well as in Ethiopia, there are limited studies done. Therefore, this study aims to determine the magnitude of infertility and the major risk factors in three governmental hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

The Effect of Functional Gradient Material Distribution and Patterning on Torsional Properties of Lattice Structures Manufactured Using MultiJet Fusion Technology.

Functionally graded lattice structures have attracted much attention in engineering due to their excellent mechanical performance resulting from their optimized and application-specific properties. These structures are inspired by nature and are important for a lightweight yet efficient and optimal functionality. They have enhanced mechanical properties over the uniform density counterparts because of their graded design, making them preferable for many applications.

Prevalence and epidemiological distribution of selected foodborne pathogens in human and different environmental samples in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens (FBP) are the commonest cause of foodborne illness or foodborne diseases (FBD) worldwide. They contaminate food at any stages in the entire food chain, from farm to dining-table. Among these, the Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC), Non typhoidal Salmonella (NTS), Shigella spp.

Gender Equality and Social Inclusion in Relation to Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia.

The main purpose of the study was to deepen the understanding of gender and social inclusion in the context of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) in the Oromia region of Ethiopia. An explorative qualitative study was conducted in three districts of the Oromia region using gender analysis frameworks. Twenty-one key informant interviews and nine focus group discussions were conducted.

Midwives' job satisfaction and intention to leave their current position in developing regions of Ethiopia.

Background: The aim of this research was to analyze midwives' job satisfaction and intention to leave in developing regions of Ethiopia.

Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 107 midwives in four developing regions of Ethiopia. All midwives who were working in 26 health facilities participated in the study.

Theoretical study on the interaction of iodide electrolyte/organic dye with the TiO surface in dye-sensitized solar cells.

The iodide/triiodide interaction with the dye on a semiconductor surface plays a significant role in understanding the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) mechanism and improving its efficiency. In the present study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to determine the interaction between the complexed iodide redox couple with dye/TiO2 for the relevance of DSSCs. Three new metal-free organic dyes noted as D1Y, D2Y and D3Y, featured with D-π-A configuration were designed by varying functional groups on the donor moiety.

Prevalence and Barriers to Ending Female Genital Cutting: The Case of Afar and Amhara Regions of Ethiopia.

Female genital cutting (FGC) remains highly prevalent in Ethiopia, in spite of a slowly decreasing trend over the last decade. In an effort to inform and strengthen FGC interventions in Ethiopia, this study aimed to assess FGC prevalence in cross-administrative border* districts and to explore barriers to ending FGC. A mixed methods, cross-sectional study was employed in three districts in the Afar and Amhara regions in Ethiopia.

Milk Products from Minor Dairy Species: A Review.

Milk processing is one of the most ancient food technologies, dating back around 6000 BC. The majority of dairy products are manufactured from cows, buffaloes, goats, and sheep; their production technologies are mostly standardized and have been widely investigated. Milk and dairy products from minor species are less important under the economic point of view, but they play a fundamental social role in many marginal and poor areas.

Gender Inequality and the Sexual and Reproductive Health Status of Young and Older Women in the Afar Region of Ethiopia.

The main purpose of this research was to analyze gender context in the Afar region of Ethiopia and propose a set of strategies or actions to improve adolescent and youth health. Using a pre-established gender analysis framework, an explorative qualitative study was conducted in five districts. Sixteen key informants and eight focus group discussions were conducted among adult women and men of young adolescents and youth.

Bovine cysticercosis and human taeniasis in a rural community in Ethiopia.

Background: Bovine cysticercosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that affects cattle caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Taenia saginata, the adult parasite that causes taeniasis in humans. Although bovine cysticercosis, and the associated human taeniasis, is controlled in developed countries, it is one of the neglected tropical diseases. Like other parts of Ethiopia, raw or undercooked beef consumption is common in the rural community of Yem district with no meat inspection services.

Prevalence of Visual Impairment and Associated Factors Among Primary Schoolchildren in Addis Ababa, Central Ethiopia.

Background: Visual impairment (VI) refers to reduction of vision resulting in a lower than normal visual acuity (VA). Although school programs are recommended for early detection and timely interventions of VI, available information with regard to prevalence of VI and associated factors among primary schoolchildren near to the main city, Addis Ababa is inadequate. Thus, we assessed the prevalence of VI and the associated factors among children attending government primary schools of Lideta sub-city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Effect of starter cultures on properties of soft white cheese made from camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk.

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of starter cultures on the physicochemical properties, texture, and consumer preferences of soft white cheese (SWC) made from camel (Camelus dromedarius) milk. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with 5 treatments [starter cultures; i.e.

Effects of the terminal donor unit in dyes with D-D-π-A architecture on the regeneration mechanism in DSSCs: a computational study.

This theoretical study on dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) includes design strategies for dye donor units to improve the efficiency of DSSCs, and further illuminates the organic dye regeneration mechanism. We have designed a series of new organic sensitizers based on a D-D-π-A architecture to exhibit easy electron transfer and to have remarkable light harvesting properties in the visible region by density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent (TD)-DFT calculations. Furthermore, the interaction of the organic sensitizers with the conventional redox electrolyte using the triiodide/iodide couple (I3-/I-) is investigated.

A Prospective Study of Causes of Illness and Death in Preterm Infants in Ethiopia: The SIP Study Protocol.

Background: With nearly 15 million annual preterm births globally, preterm birth is the most common cause of neonatal death. Forty to 60 % of neonatal deaths are directly or indirectly associated with preterm mortality. As countries aim to meet the Sustainable Development Goals to reduce neonatal mortality, significant reductions in preterm mortality are needed.