Association of altered cortical gyrification and working memory in male early abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals.

Background: Alcohol dependence (AD) is an addictive disorder with multifaceted neurobiological features. Recent research on the pathophysiological mechanisms of AD has emphasized the important role of dysconnectivity. Cortical gyrification is known to be a reliable marker of neural connectivity.

Altered individual gray matter structural covariance networks in early abstinence patients with alcohol dependence.

While alterations in cortical thickness have been widely observed in individuals with alcohol dependence, knowledge about cortical thickness-based structural covariance networks is limited. This study aimed to explore the topological disorganization of structural covariance networks based on cortical thickness at the single-subject level among patients with alcohol dependence. Structural imaging data were obtained from 61 patients with alcohol dependence during early abstinence and 59 healthy controls.

The volume of gray matter mediates the relationship between glucolipid metabolism and neurocognition in first-episode, drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia.

We aimed to examine the hypotheses that glucolipid metabolism is linked to neurocognition and gray matter volume (GMV) and that GMV mediates the association of glucolipid metabolism with neurocognition in first-episode, drug-naïve (FEDN) patients with schizophrenia. Parameters of glucolipid metabolism, neurocognition, and magnetic resonance imaging were assessed in 63 patients and 31 controls. Compared to controls, patients exhibited higher levels of fasting glucose, triglyceride, and insulin resistance index, lower levels of cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, poorer neurocognitive functions, and decreased GMV in the bilateral insula, left middle occipital gyrus, and left postcentral gyrus.

Disrupted white matter structural networks in individuals with alcohol dependence.

Previous diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have demonstrated widespread white matter microstructure damage in individuals with alcoholism. However, very little is known about the alterations in the topological architecture of white matter structural networks in alcohol dependence (AD). This study included 67 AD patients and 69 controls.

Efficacy, toxicity and prognostic factors of pyrotinib‑involved neoadjuvant therapy in HER2‑positive breast cancer: A retrospective study.

Pyrotinib is a novel irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER), whose efficacy in treating metastatic HER2-positive (HER2) breast cancer has been confirmed. The present study aimed to explore the efficacy, safety and prognostic factors of pyrogenic-involved neoadjuvant therapy in patients with HER2 breast cancer. A total of 49 patients with HER2 breast cancer who received pyrotinib-neoadjuvant therapy were recruited.

Automated Digital Interventions and Smoking Cessation: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Relating Efficiency to a Psychological Theory of Intervention Perspective.

Background: Smoking remains a highly significant preventable global public health problem. In this context, digital interventions offer great advantages in terms of a lack of biological side effects, possibility of automatic delivery, and consequent human resource savings relative to traditional interventions. Such interventions have been studied in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) but have not been systematically reviewed with the inclusion of text-based and multiplatform-based interventions.

The metabolic effects of antipsychotics in the early stage of treatment in first-episode patients with schizophrenia: A real-world study in a naturalistic setting.

Objective: This study aims to better characterize the metabolic effects of antipsychotics in the early stage of treatment in first-episode patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: We performed a retrospective real-world study in a naturalistic setting that included inpatients with first-episode drug-naïve schizophrenia; metabolic profiles were measured at baseline and 2 weeks and 4 weeks after antipsychotic treatment. The metabolic profiles of medicated patients with first-episode schizophrenia were also included.

Artificial neural network optimizes self-examination of osteoporosis risk in women.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the application of an artificial neural network (ANN) in optimizing the Osteoporosis Self-Assessment Tool for Asians (OSTA) score.

Methods: OSTA score was calculated for each female participant that underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry examination in two hospitals (one in each of two Chinese cities, Harbin and Ningbo). An ANN model was built using age and weight as input and femoral neck T-score as output.