Scoping review of the association of plant-based diet quality with health outcomes.

Introduction: The association of plant-based dietary patterns with health outcomes has traditionally been assessed without considering nutritional value. The plant-based dietary index (PDI), first published in 2016, overcomes this limitation with both a healthful PDI (hPDI) and an unhealthful PDI (uPDI), based on the quality of plant foods consumed plus the frequency of animal foods. We sought to summarize the breadth of research using the hPDI and uPDI to gain insight into how the quality of plant-based dietary patterns might be associated with health outcomes.

Diet and Health in Otolaryngology.

Diet is essential to health and can modulate inflammatory markers, the microbiota, and epigenetic outcomes. Proper nutrition is also key to good postsurgical outcomes. Diet is challenging to study, resulting in a relative dearth of influential studies.

Lifestyle Medicine and Otolaryngology: Embracing the Future.

Lifestyle medicine is a relatively new specialty that focuses on behavior change to prevent, treat, and reverse chronic disease and promote wellness. It is relevant to any medical or surgical field that deals with noninfectious chronic disease and to any individual or community pursuing health and wellness. Lifestyle medicine offers evidence-based interventions and tools to foster wellness and resiliency in ourselves and our patients.

Role of Allergy in Eustachian Tube Dysfunction.

Purpose Of Review: Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) presents with symptoms of aural fullness and pressure, muffled hearing, tinnitus, and otalgia. When severe, it can lead to many common ear disorders such as otitis media with effusion, tympanic membrane retraction/perforation, and cholesteatoma. These diseases are prevalent in both the pediatric and adult population and significantly impact quality of life.

An update in facial gender confirming surgery.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize current surgical and nonsurgical approaches to facial gender confirming surgery (FGCS) and highlight standards of care and areas of future research.

Recent Findings: Gender nonconforming individuals may encounter considerable internal coping and external social stressors that may contribute to gender-associated dysphoria. FGCS provides patients the ability to align facial appearance with gender identity, using recently described advances in surgical and nonsurgical techniques.

Medications Associated with Increased Risk of Keratinocyte Carcinoma.

A number of medications for short-term and long-term use have been linked to an increased risk for keratinocyte carcinoma (KC). Immunosuppressive medications are associated with an increased risk for KC and melanoma due to reduction of antitumor immune surveillance, and some immunosuppressive agents directly impact DNA replication and repair. Clinical and epidemiologic studies have shown an increased risk for KC in users of photosensitizing medications.