Affecting of Glyphosate Tolerance and Metabolite Content in Transgenic Overexpressing Gene from .

Long-term use of the global non-selective herbicide glyphosate for weed control has caused resistance in weeds. Overproducing of the target of glyphosate 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) is one of the resistance mechanisms in weeds. However, few studies have measured the effects on tolerance levels and metabolite content in model plant species overexpressing from weeds.

The Efficacy and Safety of Roxadustat for Anemia in Hemodialysis Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) for chronic kidney disease (CKD) often encounter anemia. Roxadustat has not only undergone phase II-III clinical trials in patients suffering from CKD and undergoing HD; a number of post-marketing clinical studies have been conducted using the drug. This article was to assess the effectiveness and safety of roxadustat in managing anemia among patients with CKD undergoing HD.

Unraveling the mechanisms of multiple resistance across glyphosate and glufosinate in Eleusine indica.

The herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate are commonly used in citrus and sugarcane orchards in Guangxi Province, China, wherein the C plant Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. is known to be a dominant weed species.

Trp-574-Leu and the novel Pro-197-His/Leu mutations contribute to penoxsulam resistance in (L.) P. Beauv.

Recently, due to the widespread use of the acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide penoxsulam in paddy fields in China, (L.) P. Beauv.

Responses of soil enzymes, bacterial communities and soil nitrification to the pre-emergence herbicide pyroxasulfone.

Pyroxasulfone is a relatively new herbicide that is sprayed on soils to control grassy weeds and some broadleaf weeds during the cultivation of agronomic crops. However, information regarding its environmental risks to soil ecosystems is currently limited. Here, the response of soil characteristics and soil bacterial communities to pyroxasulfone exposure were evaluated.

The herbicidal activity of pre-emergence herbicide cinmethylin and its potential risks on soil ecology: pH, enzyme activities and bacterial community.

Background: The herbicide cinmethylin, which was originally registered for use in rice fields, has the potential to control grass weeds in wheat fields before the emergence of wheat. However, its herbicidal activity against various troublesome grass weeds that infest wheat fields in China and its relationships with soil pH, soil enzymes and soil bacteria are not well known. Here, the effects of applying cinmethylin on the soil surface were tested on six grass weeds, and its impacts on soil characteristics, including the soil pH, soil enzymes and bacterial community, were evaluated.

Distribution and Mechanism of Japanese Brome () Resistance to ALS-Inhibiting Herbicides in China.

is a common monocot weed that occurs in major winter wheat fields in the Huang-Huai-Hai region of China. Pyroxsulam is a highly efficient and safe acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide that is widely used to control common weeds in wheat fields. However, populations in China have evolved resistance to pyroxsulam by different mutations in the gene.

Target gene mutations endowed cross-resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides in wild Brassica juncea.

Wild Brassica juncea is a troublesome weed that infests wheat fields in China. Two suspected wild B. juncea populations (19-5 and 19-6) resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors were collected from wheat fields in China.

Enhanced metabolic resistance mechanism endows resistance to metamifop in Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.

Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P. Beauv.

Potential Role of EPSPS Mutations in the Resistance of to Glyphosate.

Gene mutation is a basic evolutionary mechanism in plants under selection pressure of herbicides. Such mutation has pleiotropic effects on plant growth. We systemically investigated the effects of Pro106Leu (P106L), Pro106Ser (P106S), and Thr102Ile + Pro106Ser (TIPS) mutations on EPSPS functionality and fitness traits in at the biochemical and physiological levels.

Development and inter-laboratory validation of analytical methods for glufosinate and its two metabolites in foods of plant origin.

Glufosinate is widely used to control various weeds. Glufosinate and its main metabolites have become the focus of attention because of their high water solubility and persistence in aquatic systems. Quantification of the agrochemical product and its metabolite residues is essential for the safety of agricultural products.

EST-SSR Markers' Development Based on RNA-Sequencing and Their Application in Population Genetic Structure and Diversity Analysis of in China.

Goosegrass () is one of the worst agricultural weeds in China. Molecular markers were developed for genetic diversity and population structure analyses. In this study, we identified 8391 expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (EST-SSR) markers from the de novo assembled unigenes of Mononucleotides were the most abundant type of repeats (3591, 42.

Metabolism Difference Is Involved in Mesosulfuron-Methyl Selectivity between and .

The acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor mesosulfuron-methyl is currently the only selective herbicide to control in wheat fields; however, the mechanism underlying this selectivity remains unclear. Results showed that the tolerance of to mesosulfuron-methyl was much higher than . Mesosulfuron-methyl inhibited the in vitro ALS activity of and similarly, but the predicted structural interactions of ALS with mesosulfuron-methyl and induced expression of were different in the two species.

PsbA gene over-expression and enhanced metabolism conferring resistance to atrazine in Commelina communis.

Commelina communis L. is a troublesome weed in agronomic fields and increasingly threatens the yield security of corn in north-eastern China. Previously, we found that a C.

High Antioxidant Ability Confer Resistance to Atrazine in L.

Asiatic dayflower ( L.) is a detrimental weed that mainly infests corn and soybean fields in China. Recently, some populations have exhibited resistance to atrazine, intensifying the difficulties in controlling the weed.

Vegetative and Fecundity Fitness Benefit Found in a Glyphosate-Resistant Population Caused by 5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-Phosphate Synthase Overexpression.

Fitness is an important trait in weed species that have developed herbicide resistance, including resistance to the popular herbicide glyphosate. Fitness cost is commonly found in weeds with glyphosate resistance, which is caused by target-site mutations. In this study, the vegetative and fecundity fitness traits in a glyphosate-resistant (GR) population caused by 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase () overexpression were investigated under glyphosate-free conditions.

Selection and Validation of Reference Genes for RT-qPCR Analysis in (Coss.) under Different Abiotic Stresses.

(Coss.) is an aggressive and serious annual grass weed in China. Its DD genome is a rich source of genetic material and performs better under different abiotic stress conditions (salinity, drought, temperature, etc.

Characterization of glyphosate and quizalofop-p-ethyl multiple resistance in Eleusine indica.

Glyphosate and Acetyl-coenzyme A Carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors are popular herbicides that control goosegrass. However, some populations are difficult to control due to resistance resulting from the increasing selection pressure. The objectives of this research were to detect the multiple resistance levels, resistance mechanisms, and fitness costs of two goosegrass populations collected in China.

Herbal Medicine "Shulifenxiao" Formula for Nephrotic Syndrome of Refractory Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy.

Treatment for adult patients with refractory idiopathic membranous nephropathy (RIMN) by conventional immunosuppressive regimens is not satisfactory. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicine, Shulifenxiao formula, as a promising regimen. A total of 31 RIMN patients resistant to corticosteroid or immunosuppressive agents were retrospectively analyzed.

Regulation of 2,4-D Isooctyl Ester on and Tillering and Endogenous Phytohormonal Responses.

Tillering is an important agronomic trait essential for the yield of and the propagation of . However, the effect of phytohormones on and tillering and the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the study, we found that and exhibited different tillering sensitivities to the auxin herbicide 2,4-D isooctyl ester.

Different leaf-mediated deposition, absorbed and metabolism behaviors of 2,4-D isooctyl ester between Triticum aestivum and Aegilops tauschii Coss.

Tausch's goatgrass (Aegilops tauschii Coss.), is a major weed species, infesting wheat (Triticum aestivum) fields in China. 2,4-D isooctyl ester is widely used for broadleaf weed control and selected as a tool to study the differences between, A.

RNA-Seq transcriptome analysis to identify candidate genes involved in non-target site-based mesosulfuron-methyl resistance in Beckmannia syzigachne.

American sloughgrass (Beckmannia syzigachne Steud.) has become a dominant weed in fields with rice-wheat rotation. Moreover, herbicide resistance has rendered weed control difficult.

Pro-197-Ser Mutation in and High-Level GST Activities: Multiple Resistance to ALS and ACCase Inhibitors in .

American sloughgrass ( Steud.) is one of the most troublesome weeds infesting wheat and canola fields in China. Some biotypes cannot be controlled, either by acetolactate synthase (ALS) or acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors, which are the main herbicides for controlling this weed.