The Role of the Orexin System in Craniocerebral Trauma-Induced Epilepsy in Mice.

Background: Following traumatic brain injury (TBI), an imbalance arises in the central nervous system within the hippocampus region, resulting in the proliferation of mossy cell fibers, causing abnormal membrane discharge. Moreover, disruptions in cellular neurotransmitter secretion induce post-traumatic epilepsy. Extensive experimental and clinical data indicate that the orexin system plays a regulatory role in the hippocampal central nervous system, but the specific regulatory effects are unclear.

Characteristics and Neural Mechanisms of Sleep-Wake Disturbances After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Sleepwake disturbances (SWDs) are one of the most common complaints following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The high prevalence and socioeconomic burden of SWDs post-TBI have only been recognized in the past decade. Common SWDs induced by TBI include excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), hypersomnia, insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and circadian rhythm sleep disorders.

Neuroprotective Effects of Vinpocetine Against Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway.

Ischemic stroke is one of the main causes of serious disability and death worldwide. NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor composed of polyprotein complex, which participates in mediating a series of inflammatory responses and is considered as a potential target for the treatment of ischemic stroke. Vinpocetine, a derivative of vincamine, has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of ischemic stroke.

Leukocyte as an Independent Predictor of Lower-Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis in Elderly Patients With Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Objective: Due to the interaction of leukocytes with platelets and coagulation factors, they may in turn play a role in hemostasis or the formation of thrombi. This study aimed to investigate the association of leukocytosis on admission with an increased risk of acute lower-extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) in elderly patients with primary intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: This was a single-center, retrospective observational study of consecutive patients observed with spontaneous ICH aged 60 years or above at Lanzhou University Second Hospital from January 2017 to September 2021.

The Influence of Interpersonal Behaviors and Population Density on Grip Strength of Elderly People: An Analysis of the Direct vs. Indirect Effects via Social Participation.

The impact of social participation (SP) on the health of the elderly has been widely recognized, and urban-rural differences in social participation have attracted attention. However, few studies discussed the impact of social participation on specific health indicators and the further subdivision of urban-rural differences. This research aims to use the dimensions of interpersonal behaviors and population density rather than simple urban-rural distinctions to justify community differences and compare these differences' direct and indirect effects on grip strength.

CCNB2 is a novel prognostic factor and a potential therapeutic target in low-grade glioma.

Background: Cyclin B2 (CCNB2) is an important component of the cyclin pathway and plays a key role in the occurrence and development of cancer. However, the correlation between prognosis of low-grade glioma (LGG), CCNB2, and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes is not clear.

Methods: The expression of CCNB2 in LGG was queried in Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) and TIMER databases.

Analysis of High-Risk Factors Associated with the Progression of Subaneurysmal Aorta to Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Rural Area in China.

Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with the progress of subaneurysmal aorta (SAA) to abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and provide a reference for the prevention of AAA in rural areas.

Methods: A total of 747 SAA patients screened by the Health Management Center of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2015 to January 2016 were recruited. The ratio of SAA progressing to AAA was observed through 5 years of follow-up.

Ki20227 aggravates apoptosis, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress after focal cerebral ischemia injury.

The survival of microglia depends on the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling pathway under physiological conditions. Ki20227 is a highly selective CSF1R inhibitor that has been shown to change the morphology of microglia. However, the effects of Ki20227 on the progression of ischemic stroke are unclear.

Pharmacological Targeting of CSF1R Inhibits Microglial Proliferation and Aggravates the Progression of Cerebral Ischemic Pathology.

Ischemic stroke can induce rapid activation of the microglia. It has been reported that the microglia's survival is dependent on colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling and that pharmacological inhibition of CSF1R leads to morphological changes in the microglia in the healthy brain. However, the impact of CSF1R inhibition on neuronal structures and motor ability after ischemia-reperfusion remains unclear.

Lactic acid, neuron-specific enolase, and blood-brain barrier index after a severe traumatic brain injury: a prospective study.

Objective: To explore the clinical significance of dynamic monitoring of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum Lactic acid（Lac), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and the blood-brain barrier (BBB) index in evaluating the condition and prognosis after a severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: A total of 52 severe TBI patients admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery within 24 hours after injury were dynamically monitored. CSF and serum samples were collected on the 1st, 3rd, and 7th day after a severe TBI to monitor the changes in Lac, NSE, and the BBB index.

Bilateral Dysplastic Gangliocytoma with Concurrent Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Dysplastic gangliocytoma is a sporadic cerebellar benign tumor with the characteristics of hamartoma and true tumor, also known as Lhermitte-Duclos disease (LDD). Bone fibrous dysplasia (FD) is a slowly progressive self-limited benign bone tissue disease. Cowden syndrome, an autosomal dominant genetic disorder caused by germline mutations in the PTEN gene, is considered to be closely related to dysplastic gangliocytoma.

Bladder cancer hunting: A microfluidic paper-based analytical device.

Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men, and it is becoming a prevalent malignancy. Most of the regular clinical examinations are prompt evaluations with cystoscopy, renal function testing, which require high-precision instrument, well-trained operators, and high cost. In this study, a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) was fabricated to detect nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) and bladder cancer antigen (BTA) from the urine samples.

The value of ultrasound for detecting hand fractures: A meta-analysis.

Backgrounds: Hand fractures are the second most common upper-extremity fractures. The standard X-ray has shortcomings, such as exposure to radiation. Ultrasound has been reported as an alternative method of detecting hand fractures.

Multiple myeloma with pathologically proven skull plasmacytoma after a mild head injury: Case report.

Rationale: MM is a malignant tumor originating from the plasma cells of the bone marrow. Central nervous system myelomatosis is very rare and may be a complication of MM.

Patient Concerns: A 60-year-old man presented with a slowly growing soft mass at his right frontal scalp after a mild head injury 6 months ago.

Traumatic bifrontoparietal extradural hematomas with detachment of superior sagittal sinus: a case report and review of the literature.

A 45-year-old man suffered bifrontoparietal extradural hematoma resulting from head injury, which cause superior sagittal sinus detachment from its subperiosteal loggia. We present the patient who was treated by early surgical evacuation of the hematoma with an excellent outcome and we also perform a review of the current literature.

Animal experimental studies using small intestine endoscope.

Aim: To assess the feasibility and safety of a novel enteroscope, negative-pressure suction endoscope in examining the small intestine of a porcine model.

Methods: experiments in small intestinal loops from 20 pigs and experiments in 20 living pigs were conducted.

Results: In experiments, a negative pressure of > 0.

Exogenous Neural Stem Cells Transplantation as a Potential Therapy for Photothrombotic Ischemia Stroke in Kunming Mice Model.

Stroke is considered as the second leading cause of death worldwide. The survivors of stroke experience different levels of impairment in brain function resulting in debilitating disabilities. Current therapies for stroke are primarily palliative and may be effective in only a small population of stroke patients.

Neural stem cell transplantation promotes behavioral recovery in a photothrombosis stroke model.

Stem cell-based therapy provides a promising approach for treat stroke. Neural stem cells isolated from mice hippocampus possessing the capacity of differentiate into neurons and astrocytes both in vitro and vivo. Here, we investigated the capability of neural stem cell transplantation in photothrombosis stroke model.

Effects of mild hypothermia on patients with lower intracranial pressure following severe brain injury.

Objective: To study the effects of mild hypothermia therapy on severe brain-injured patients whose intracranial pressure (ICP) could be maintained below 25 mm Hg.

Methods: Forty severe brain-injured patients with ICP below 25 mm Hg were divided randomly into one treatment group (n=20, mild hypothermia therapy) and one control group (n=20, normothermia therapy) to observe the changes of the concentration of excitatory amino acids (glutamate and glycine) and cytokines (interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6).

Results: There were no significant differences in the daily changes of the concentration of excitatory amino acid and cytokines between two groups.

[Clinical study on the treatment of severe neurocysticercosis].

Objective: To determine the therapeutic efficacy of albendazole combined with surgical intervention on intracranial hypertension in the treatment of severe neurocysticercosis.

Methods: Seventy-four consecutive patients with severe neurocysticercosis were confirmed by neuroimaging techniques (CT and/or MRI) and ELISA for the detection of antibody to cysticerci of Taenia solium. The number of cysticerci in the brain ranged from 100 to 1160.