High-alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae aggravates lung injury by affecting neutrophils and the airway epithelium.

We have previously reported that high-alcohol-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (HiAlc Kpn) in the gut can cause endo-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Here, we discover that 91.2% of Kpn isolates from pulmonary disease samples also produce excess ethanol, which may be associated with respiratory disease severity.

PIPdb: a comprehensive plasmid sequence resource for tracking the horizontal transfer of pathogenic factors and antimicrobial resistance genes.

Plasmids, as independent genetic elements, carrying resistance or virulence genes and transfer them among different pathogens, posing a significant threat to human health. Under the 'One Health' approach, it is crucial to control the spread of plasmids carrying such genes. To achieve this, a comprehensive characterization of plasmids in pathogens is essential.

Preoperative prediction model of lymph node metastasis in the inguinal and femoral region based on radiomics and artificial intelligence.

Objective: To predict preoperative inguinal lymph node metastasis in vulvar cancer patients using a machine learning model based on imaging features and clinical data from pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: 52 vulvar cancer patients were divided into a training set (n=37) and validation set (n=15). Clinical data and MRI images were collected, and regions of interest were delineated by experienced radiologists.

Data-Driven Engineering of Phages with Tunable Capsule Tropism for Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Klebsiella pneumoniae, a major clinical pathogen known for causing severe infections, is attracting heightened attention due to its escalating antibiotic resistance. Phages are emerging as a promising alternative to antibiotics; however, their specificity to particular hosts often restricts their use. In this study, a collection of 114 phages is obtained and subjected to analysis against 238 clinical K.

Genomic characterization and resistance features of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from non-pregnant adults in Shandong, China.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae is a recognized pathogen that primarily affects infants and pregnant women. However, its increasingly important role in causing invasive infections among non-pregnant adults has become a significant health concern due to the severity and variety of its clinical impacts.

Methods: Nonduplicate S.

Distributions of candidate vaccine Targets, virulence Factors, and resistance features of invasive group B Streptococcus using Whole-Genome Sequencing: A Multicenter, population-based surveillance study.

Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in young infants worldwide. This study aimed to investigate candidate GBS vaccine targets, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance determinants.

Methods: We used whole-genome sequencing to characterize invasive GBS isolates from infants < 3 months of age obtained from a multicenter population-based study conducted from 2015 to 2021 in China.

Surveillance of tick-borne bacteria infection in ticks and forestry populations in Inner Mongolia, China.

Ticks are one of the most important vectors that can transmit pathogens to animals and human beings. This study investigated the dominant tick-borne bacteria carried by ticks and tick-borne infections in forestry populations in Arxan, Inner Mongolia, China. Ticks were collected by flagging from May 2020 to May 2021, and blood samples were collected from individuals at high risk of acquiring tick-borne diseases from March 2022 to August 2023.

Bacteremia complicated with pneumonia caused by .

Due to the use of vaccines, infections caused by are now rare. Here we describe a case of bacteremia complicated with pneumonia caused by in a 69-year-old male patient. The patient presented at the emergency department with a 2 days history of fever of unknown origin.

Large-scale genomic survey and characterization of mcr genes carried by foodborne isolates.

is an emerging foodborne opportunistic pathogen, which can cause neonatal meningitis, bacteremia, and NEC by contaminating food. However, the entire picture of foodborne carriage of the mcr genes is not known. Here, we investigated the mcr genes of isolates by whole-genome sequencing and found 133 previously undescribed isolates carrying mcr genes.

Investigation of bacterial and fungal population structure on environmental surfaces of three medical institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: To evaluate the population structure of environmental bacteria and fungi in three different types of medical institutions and the potential risks due to antibiotic resistance during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods: One hundred twenty-six environmental surface samples were collected from three medical institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 6,093 and 13,514 representative sequences of 16S and ITS ribosomal RNA (rRNA) were obtained by amplicon sequencing analysis.

Molecular characteristics and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of clindamycin-resistant isolates in China.

(Group B , GBS) is a major cause of neonatal infections with high morbidity and mortality, and clindamycin is the main antibiotic used to treat GBS infections in patients allergic to penicillin. We aimed to analyse the antibiotic sensitivity, sequence types, serotypes, virulence factors, and antibiotic resistance mechanisms of clinically isolated clindamycin-resistant and provide basic data for the treatment, prevention, and control of clinical infection of . A total of 110 strains of clindamycin-resistant were collected from two tertiary hospitals in Hebei, China.

Clinical Forms of Japanese Spotted Fever from Case-Series Study, Zigui County, Hubei Province, China, 2021.

We report a case-series study of 5 patients with Japanese spotted fever from the Three Gorges Area in China, including 1 fatal case. Seroprevalence of Rickettsia japonica was ≈21% among the local population. Our report highlights the emerging potential threat to human health of Japanese spotted fever in the area.

The size of the susceptible pool differentiates climate effects on seasonal epidemics of bacillary dysentery.

Objectives: At present, some studies have pointed out several possible climate drivers of bacillary dysentery. However, there is a complex nonlinear interaction between climate drivers and susceptible population in the spread of diseases, which makes it challenging to detect climate drivers at the size of susceptible population.

Methods: By using empirical dynamic modeling (EDM), the climate drivers of bacillary dysentery dynamic were explored in China's five temperature zones.

A Shigella sonnei clone with extensive drug resistance associated with waterborne outbreaks in China.

Antimicrobial resistance of Shigella sonnei has become a global concern. Here, we report a phylogenetic group of S. sonnei with extensive drug resistance, including a combination of multidrug resistance, coresistance to ceftriaxone and azithromycin (cefazi), reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones, and even colistin resistance (col).

Serotype Distribution, Virulence Determinants and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Streptococcus agalactiae Isolated from Young Infants.

Background: Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus, GBS) is the most common cause of serious infections in the first 3 months of life worldwide. The pathogenicity of GBS is closely related to serotypes, surface proteins and virulence factors, and the distribution of them may vary temporally and geographically. However, data related to GBS surface proteins and virulence determinants in China are very few.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Characteristics of from Patients and Healthy Asymptomatic Participants among Preschool Children.

: can ascend into the middle ear, where it is a prevalent causative agent of otitis media in children, or enter the lower respiratory tract, where it is associated with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In this study, we aimed to provide an overview of the prevalence of in preschool children. : strains were isolated from samples.

Super Dominant Pathobiontic Bacteria in the Nasopharyngeal Microbiota Cause Secondary Bacterial Infection in COVID-19 Patients.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infectious disease responsible for many infections worldwide. Differences in respiratory microbiota may correlate with disease severity. Samples were collected from 20 severe and 51 mild COVID-19 patients.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram to Predict the Probability of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

To identify predictive factors and develop a nomogram to predict the probability of venous thromboembolism for epithelial ovarian cancer patients. Our study cohort was composed of 208 EOC patients who had received initial treatment in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from January 2016 to March 2020. Clinicopathological variables predictive of VTE were identified using univariate logistic analysis.

Incidence, Etiology, and Environmental Risk Factors of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Requiring Hospitalization in China: A 3-Year, Prospective, Age-Stratified, Multicenter Case-Control Study.

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading infectious cause of hospitalization and death worldwide. Knowledge about the incidence and etiology of CAP in China is fragmented.

Methods: A multicenter study performed at 4 hospitals in 4 regions in China and clinical samples from CAP patients were collected and used for pathogen identification from July 2016 to June 2019.

[Early identification of a clustered epidemic of typhoid fever through pathogen molecular subtyping monitoring].

To identify a suspected clustered Typhoid fever by whole genome sequencing(WGS) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) subtyping. The nature of the epidemic was determined by combination of subtyping results of isolates and epidemiological information. Five isolates showed identical PFGE patterns and almost the same whole genome sequence.

Phylogenetic Analysis of Serogroup O5 that Caused Successive Cholera Outbreaks - Guangdong Province, China, 2020-2021.

Introduction: Gastroenteritis caused by non-O1/non-O139 exhibited an increasing trend in recent years in China. Whole genome sequence (WGS) data could play an important role both in the identification of the outbreaks and in the determination of the serogroup. Here, we present the employment of WGS data in the investigation of two outbreaks caused by non-O1/non-O139 in Guangdong, China, 2020-2021.

Inhibitor screening using microarray identifies the high capacity of neutralizing antibodies to Spike variants in SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination.

Mutations of SARS-CoV-2, which is responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), could impede drug development and reduce the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. Here, we developed a multiplexed Spike-ACE2 Inhibitor Screening (mSAIS) assay that can measure the neutralizing effect of antibodies across numerous variants of the coronavirus's Spike (S) protein simultaneously. The SARS-CoV-2 spike variant protein microarrays were prepared by printing 72 S variants onto a chemically-modified glass slides.