Diagnosis value of targeted and metagenomic sequencing in respiratory tract infection.

Background: Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) has become a trending tool in the field of infection diagnosis, but concerns are also raising about its performance compared with metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). This study aims to explore the clinical feasibility of a tNGS panel for respiratory tract infection diagnosis and compare it with mNGS in the same cohort of inpatients.

Methods: 180 bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected and sent to two centers for mNGS and tNGS blinded tests, respectively.

Metabolomics analyses provide insights into the nutritional quality profiling in 95 avocado germplasms grown in China.

Avocado is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions of China. Diverse germplasms have been generated through natural hybridization and selective breeding. Here, to screen high-quality avocado germplasms, we characterized the nutritional quality of 95 avocado germplasms grown in China based on metabolomics.

Mechanistic Study on the Influence of Wax on Hydrate Formation Process.

To manage the interactions between wax and hydrate formation, a comprehensive understanding of the system's thermodynamics and flow characteristics is essential. Wax and hydrates coexist under low-temperature and high-pressure conditions, mutually influencing each other both thermodynamically and kinetically. This study focused on two main aspects: how wax affects the rate of hydrate formation in the oil-water system and how hydrate formation influences the thermodynamics of wax crystal precipitation.

Adjunctive transseptal corridor: Technique for endoscopic resection of orbital tumor.

The transnasal endoscopic approach is increasingly used for resection of tumors that are located inferiorly and medially within the orbit. However, this usually requires multiple-handed manipulations, which demand a second corridor for an assistant. Here, we introduce a simple transseptal corridor from the contra-nare, to facilitate assistant instrument maneuverability.

Steroid inhibited Serpina3n expression which was positively correlated with the degrees of spinal cord injury.

Aims: The aim of our project was to identify proteins associated with the extent of spinal cord injury (SCI) and subsequent long-term neurological recovery.

Methods: Through proteomic analysis, we identified proteins that are differentially expressed specifically in the acute phase of injury. We analyzed the concentrations of differentially expressed proteins in serum and the injured spinal cord segment by ELISA.

Parabacteroides distasonis ameliorates insulin resistance via activation of intestinal GPR109a.

Gut microbiota plays a key role in insulin resistance (IR). Here we perform a case-control study of Chinese adults (ChiCTR2200065715) and identify that Parabacteroides distasonis is inversely correlated with IR. Treatment with P.

Exploration of DPP-IV Inhibitory Peptide Design Rules Assisted by the Deep Learning Pipeline That Identifies the Restriction Enzyme Cutting Site.

The mining of antidiabetic dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory peptides (DPP-IV-IPs) is currently a costly and laborious process. Due to the absence of rational peptide design rules, it relies on cumbersome screening of unknown enzyme hydrolysates. Here, we present an enhanced deep learning model called bidirectional encoder representation (BERT)-DPPIV, specifically designed to classify DPP-IV-IPs and explore their design rules to discover potent candidates.

Effects of public reporting of prescription indicators on patient choices: evidence from propensity scores matching.

Public reporting on health providers' performance (PRHPP) is increasingly used for empowering patients. This study aimed to test the effect of PRHPP using the theory of the consumer choice model. The study was conducted in 10 primary care institutions in Hubei province, China.

Macropinocytosis in (Rhodophyta).

Macropinocytosis is an endocytic process that plays an important role in animal development and disease occurrence but until now has been rarely reported in organisms with cell walls. We investigated the properties of endocytosis in a red alga, . The cells non-selectively internalized extracellular fluid into large-scale endocytic vesicles (1.

Comprehensive evaluation of the prebiotic properties of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides, β-glucan, and inulin during in vitro fermentation via multi-omics analysis.

Dietary fiber is crucial for human health mainly due to its impact on gut microbiota structure and metabolites. This study aimed to investigate the impact of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (DOP) and two common fibers (β-glucan and inulin) on the gut microbiome structure and metabolic profile in vitro. Fecal samples were obtained from 30 healthy volunteers, which were then individually subjected to fermentation with each type of fiber.

Function analysis of regulating cotton resistance to verticillium wilt by JA and SA signaling pathways.

WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play an important role in regulating the mechanism of plant self-defense. However, the function of most WRKY TFs in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is still unknown. Hence, studying the molecular mechanism of WRKY TFs in the resistance of cotton to Verticillium dahliae is of great significance to enhancing cotton disease resistance and improving its fiber quality.

Participation of pharmacists and patients in web-based pharmaceutical care consultation based on MEDICODE.

Background: The participation of providers and patients in medical communication is the core element of shared decision making. Furthermore, web-based pharmaceutical care consultation is increasingly necessary, welcomed and popular.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the participation of pharmacists and patients in web-based pharmaceutical care consultation, so as to form the promotion strategy for both parties' participation.

Mining and Validation of Novel Hemp Seed-Derived DPP-IV-Inhibiting Peptides Using a Combination of Multi-omics and Molecular Docking.

Hemp seed-derived inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) demonstrate potential as novel therapeutics for diabetes; however, their proteome and genome remain uncharacterized. We used multi-omics technology to mine peptides capable of inhibiting DPP-IV. First, 1261 and 1184 proteins were identified in fresh and dry hemp seeds, respectively.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Zhou et Xu, 1993 (Isoptera: Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae).

belongs to Nasutitermitinae and its mitochondrial genome was determined in this study. It consisted of 13 PCGs, 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and an A + T-rich control region, and its length was 15824 bp. The phylogenetic analysis suggested that the genus was not monophyletic, and formed a sister group with The mitochondrial genome of provides a resource for evolutionary analysis within Nasutitermitinae.

Societal preferences for funding orphan drugs in China: An application of the discrete choice experiment method.

Objectives: To explore whether a societal preference for orphan drugs exists in Chinese general public and to quantitatively measure the personal trade-off between essential attributes of orphan drugs through a discrete choice experiment.

Methods: A labeled discrete choice experiment was employed to measure public preference. Six attributes (impact of diseases on life-years, impact of diseases on quality of life, availability of alternative drug treatments, annual cost per patient paid by medical insurance, expected increases in life-expectancy, and improvements to the quality of life) were identified through a literature review, experts' suggestions, and stakeholders' semi-structured interviews, then refined through a pre-survey.

Self-aware cycle curriculum learning for multiple-choice reading comprehension.

Multiple-choice reading comprehension task has recently attracted significant interest. The task provides several options for each question and requires the machine to select one of them as the correct answer. Current approaches normally leverage a pre-training and then fine-tuning procedure that treats data equally, ignoring the difficulty of training examples.

Single-cell transcriptome sequencing revealing the difference in photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism between epidermal cells and non-epidermal cells of (Rhodophyta).

The allocation of photoassimilates is considered as a key factor for determining plant productivity. The difference in photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism between source and sink cells provide the driven force for photoassimilates' allocation. However, photosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism of different cells and the carbon allocation between these cells have not been elucidated in .

Polysaccharides from red kidney bean alleviating hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in type 2 diabetic rats via gut microbiota and lipid metabolic modulation.

Crude polysaccharides extracted from red kidney bean (RK) display significant antidiabetic activity in type 2 diabetic mice, but the underlying mechanism and the core functional component has not been elucidated. In this study, the antidiabetic effect and mechanism of RK are investigated by serum metabolomics and high-throughput sequencing. In addition, the key component was identified by evaluating the improvement on glucose and lipid homeostasis in type 2 diabetic rats.

The role of interleukin 36γ in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process of chronic rhinosinusitis: A pilot study.

Purpose: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important characteristic in the remodelling of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). IL-36γ and fibroblast activation protein (FAP) may exacerbate remodelling in CRS. Here, we aimed to determine whether IL-36γ and FAP expression are associated with EMT and may be a predictor for CRSwNP prognosis.

Two-dimensional silicon optical phased array with large field of view.

Optical phased array (OPA) is a promising beam steering component for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems. For most LiDAR applications, two-dimensional (2D, lateral and longitudinal) beam steering with large field of view is required. To achieve large lateral and longitudinal field of view, waveguide with nonuniform spacing and broadband tunable laser source is commonly utilized, resulting in complex structure and high cost.