Heat shock protein 65 promotes atherosclerosis through impairing the properties of high density lipoprotein.

Aim: To explicit whether the functions of high density lipoprotein (HDL) are impaired in murine atherosclerosis by subcutaneous immunization with recombinant mycobacterial heat shock protein 65 (HSP65).

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were fed a normal chow-diet with non immunization as normal group. ApoE knockout (ApoE(-/-)) mice on high-fat diet were randomly divided into three groups (n = 8) and immunized subcutaneously with different concentrations of HSP65 or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS).

Curcumin inhibits monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 expression and enhances cholesterol efflux by suppressing the c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway in macrophage.

Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumin on monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) production and reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) in macrophage induced by oxidation low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), and to identify the signal pathways involved.

Methods: The macrophages were treated with ox-LDL and various concentrations of curcumin simultaneously. The MCP-1 expression was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.