Pattern of Residual Submucosal Involvement after Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer: A Rationale for the Utility of Endoscopic Submucosal Resection.

: Full-thickness trans anal local excision for tumors with favorable response following neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is a common strategy for organ preservation, but it could be associated with a high rate of postoperative complications. We describe the incidence and pattern of submucosal involvement in surgical specimens following neoadjuvant therapy for LARC and whether limiting local excision of the residual tumor bed to only mucosal/submucosal layers of the rectal wall is sufficient for accurately predicting the ypT status of residual cancer, providing a pathological rationale to replace full-thickness local excision by endoscopic submucosal resection. : This was a single-institution retrospective study conducted at a teaching community hospital.

A Case of Esophageal Plasmablastic Lymphoma With a Literature Review.

Plasmablastic lymphoma is a rare B-cell lymphoma that is mainly associated with immunocompromised patients, such as those affected with human-immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or those who have received solid organ transplants; however, it has also been documented in immunocompetent patients. Moreover, there is also a strong association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Although mainly found in the oral cavity, a few cases were documented to affect the gastrointestinal tract, and of those, only three cases were found to involve the esophagus, and we present the fourth case in a 48-year-old HIV-positive male.

Bowel Intussusception in Adults: Think Cancer!

Intussusception is a rare phenomenon in adults and usually presents with bowel obstruction. Unlike child intussusception, adult intussusception is seldom idiopathic and frequently associated with secondary causes such as benign and malignant tumors. While most cases are treated surgically, emerging data suggest a more conservative management approach for patients with short-segment adult intussusception and without high-risk features such as bowel obstruction, mass seen on imaging, colon involvement, or constitutional symptoms of malignancy.

Mast cell-induced immunopathology in recurrent pregnancy losses.

Problem: Mast cells (MC) have been known to play an important role in inflammation and angiogenesis by secreting numerous mediators, such as proteases, gelatinases, and proteoglycans. Three different MC subtypes were found in the endometrial layers of the uterus. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of endometrial MCs in recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL).

Integrated Systems Biology Approach Identifies Novel Maternal and Placental Pathways of Preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia is a disease of the mother, fetus, and placenta, and the gaps in our understanding of the complex interactions among their respective disease pathways preclude successful treatment and prevention. The placenta has a key role in the pathogenesis of the terminal pathway characterized by exaggerated maternal systemic inflammation, generalized endothelial damage, hypertension, and proteinuria. This of preeclampsia may be triggered by distinct underlying mechanisms that occur at early stages of pregnancy and induce different phenotypes.

Dysregulated uterine natural killer cells and vascular remodeling in women with recurrent pregnancy losses.

Problem: Angiogenesis and vascular remodeling in secretory endometrium represent one of the crucial steps in pregnancy establishment, for which uterine NK (uNK) cells have an important role. Impairment of these steps may proceed to implantation and instigate initial pathology of recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL). In this study, we aim to investigate vascular development and density of uNK cells in secretory endometrium of women with RPL.

Prevalence of HHV-6 in endometrium from women with recurrent implantation failure.

Problem: To study the prevalence of HHV-6 in endometrial biopsies among women experiencing recurrent implantation failure (RIF) after IVF/ET compared with controls.

Method Of Study: Thirty women experiencing RIF after IVF/ET and 10 fertile women participated in the study. All women had endometrial biopsies taken in the luteal phase of their menstrual cycle for an endometrial immune profile (EIP) and HHV-6 mRNA as well as lymphocyte and granulocyte populations.

Characteristic Changes in Decidual Gene Expression Signature in Spontaneous Term Parturition.

Background: The decidua has been implicated in the "terminal pathway" of human term parturition, which is characterized by the activation of pro-inflammatory pathways in gestational tissues. However, the transcriptomic changes in the decidua leading to terminal pathway activation have not been systematically explored. This study aimed to compare the decidual expression of developmental signaling and inflammation-related genes before and after spontaneous term labor in order to reveal their involvement in this process.

The link between genetic polymorphism of glutathione-S-transferases, GSTM1, and GSTT1 and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in Egypt.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. A number of studies have examined the role of genetic polymorphisms in the risk of DLBCL, and several variants have been identified as potential susceptibility genes, of those glutathione-S-transferases T1 and M1 (GSTT1 and GSTM1).

Aim Of The Work: The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of inherited genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes on the susceptibility to DLBCL in Egypt.