Function of AMPK/mTOR Signaling in TGF-β1-Induced Pterygium Fibroblast Proliferation and Transdifferentiation.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the regulatory role of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in mediating transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced cellular proliferation and transdifferentiation processes in human pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs).

Methods: HPFs were stimulated with TGF-β1 . Cell viability was assessed using the CCK-8 assay at 12/24/48-h post-stimulation, while migratory capacity was evaluated through standardized wound healing assays.

Efficacy and mechanism of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs for diabetic macular edema patients.

Background: Diabetes is a serious public health concern in China, with 30% of patients developing retinopathy, and diabetic macular edema (DME) having the biggest impact on vision. High blood glucose level can cause retinal cell hypoxia, thus promoting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) formation and increasing vascular permeability, which induces DME. Moreover, cell hypoxia can accelerate the rate of apoptosis, which leads to the aging of patients.

Effects of minocycline on expression of bcl-2, bax in early retinal neuropathy of diabetes in rats.

Aim: To study the effect of the minocycline (MNC) on expression of bcl-2, bax in retinal nerve cells of rat with diabetes.

Methods: Male SD rats were randomly divided into negative control group, model control group and MNC treated group. Diabetes model was established by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ).