The ultrastructure of the avian Golgi tendon organ.

The ultrastructure of the avian Golgi tendon organ (GTO) is described and compared with those of mammals using transverse sections through the myo-tendinous junctions of wing muscles of adult mallard ducks. The capsule, which is continuous with the perineural epithelial sheath of the Ib afferent nerve fiber, consists of four to seven flattened cellular lamellae. Two to four muscle fibers attach to large collagen bundles which enter the GTO through a tight collar at the proximal end of the fusiform capsule.

[Procedure in perforated diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon (author's transl)].

Operation in three stages with primary defunctioning colostomy and drainage of the perforation is the procedure mostly recommended in literature, although the mortality rate ranges from 33 to 75%. Therefore, we prefer the immediate resection of the perforated bowel with primary anastomosis, or if possible, in poor risk cases Hartmann's procedure respectively. Anastomosis should be protected by a defunctioning colostomy in all but exceptional good cases.