Aerobic exercise training attenuates ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice by decreasing the methylation level of METTL3-associated m6A RNA in cardiomyocytes.

Background And Aims: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) presents a significant global health challenge, with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) being a major pathophysiological contributor and lacking effective interventions. While aerobic exercise training (AET) enhances cardiovascular health, its protective mechanism in MIRI remains elusive. This study aims to elucidate the protective effect of AET in MIRI and its underlying mechanism.

Maturation of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes: limitations and challenges from metabolic aspects.

Acute coronary syndromes, such as myocardial infarction (MI), lack effective therapies beyond heart transplantation, which is often hindered by donor scarcity and postoperative complications. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) offer the possibility of myocardial regeneration by differentiating into cardiomyocytes. However, hiPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-cardiomyocytes) exhibit fetal-like calcium flux and energy metabolism, which inhibits their engraftment.

Safety and efficacy of a novel dexmedetomidine nasal spray for pre-anesthetic sedation in children: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Off-label intranasal administration of injectable dexmedetomidine has been widely applied in the pediatric sedation setting. However, the development of an improved drug delivery system that is easy to use is needed. We developed a novel dexmedetomidine nasal spray that can be administered directly without dilution or configuration for pediatric pre-anesthetic sedation.

QTc prolongation after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage might be associated with worse neurologic outcome in patients receiving microsurgical clipping or embolization of the intracranial aneurysms: a retrospective observational study.

Purpose: QT interval prolongation is one of the most common electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Whether corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation is associated with perioperative cardiac events and dismal neurological outcome in mid to long-term follow-up in patients after aSAH is insufficiently studied and remains controversial.

Methods: We retrospectively studied the adult (≥ 18 years) patients admitted to our institution between Jan 2018 and Dec 2020 for aSAH who underwent intracranial aneurysm clipping or embolization.

The optimal puncture time point of prolonged occlusion flow-mediated dilatation in radial artery catheterization: a prospective observational study.

Previous studies have demonstrated prolonged occlusion flow-mediated dilatation (PO-FMD) could reduce cannulation failure rates and decrease radial artery pulsation loss during trans-radial coronary angiography. However, the time and degree of radial artery dilatation induced after PO-FMD were unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the degree and duration of the radial artery dilation after PO-FMD, and the time point at which the radial artery diameter is expanded to the maximum.

Critical roles of mA methylation in cardiovascular diseases.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been established as a major cause of mortality globally. However, the exact pathogenesis remains obscure. N6-methyladenosine (mA) methylation is the most common epigenetic modification on mRNAs regulated by methyltransferase complexes (writers), demethylase transferases (erasers) and binding proteins (readers).

Prediction of post-Darcy flow based on the spatial non-local distribution of hydraulic gradient: Preliminary assessment of wastewater management.

Understanding high-velocity pollutant transport dependent on the large hydraulic gradient and/or heterogeneity of the aquifer and criteria for the onset of post-Darcy flow have attracted considerable attention in water resources and environmental engineering applications. In this study, a parameterized model is established based on the equivalent hydraulic gradient (EHG) which affected by spatial nonlocality of nonlinear head distribution due to the inhomogeneity at a wide range of scales. Two parameters relevant to the spatially non-local effect were selected to predict the development of post-Darcy flow.

Efficacy of preemptive analgesia treatments for the management of postoperative pain: a network meta-analysis.

Background: Preemptive analgesia may improve postoperative pain management, but the optimal regimen is unclear. This study aimed to compare the effects and adverse events of preemptive analgesia on postoperative pain and opioid consumption.

Methods: In this network meta-analysis, 19 preemptive analgesia regimens were compared.

Identification of hub genes and construction of diagnostic nomogram model in schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia (SCZ), which is characterized by debilitating neuropsychiatric disorders with significant cognitive impairment, remains an etiological and therapeutic challenge. Using transcriptomic profile analysis, disease-related biomarkers linked with SCZ have been identified, and clinical outcomes can also be predicted. This study aimed to discover diagnostic hub genes and investigate their possible involvement in SCZ immunopathology.

When does hepatitis B virus meet long-stranded noncoding RNAs?

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in humans and its associated diseases are long-standing problems. HBV can produce a large number of non-self-molecules during its life cycle, which acts as targets for innate immune recognition and initiation. Among these, interferon and its large number of downstream interferon-stimulated gene molecules are important early antiviral factors.

Caloric restriction-mimetics for the reduction of heart failure risk in aging heart: with consideration of gender-related differences.

The literature is full of claims regarding the consumption of polyphenol or polyamine-rich foods that offer some protection from developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). This is achieved by preventing cardiac hypertrophy and protecting blood vessels through improving the function of endothelium. However, do these interventions work in the aged human hearts? Cardiac aging is accompanied by an increase in left ventricular hypertrophy, along with diastolic and systolic dysfunction.

General Transcription Factor IIF Polypeptide 2: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Depression Identified Using an Integrated Bioinformatic Analysis.

Depression currently affects 4% of the world's population; it is associated with disability in 11% of the global population. Moreover, there are limited resources to treat depression effectively. Therefore, we aimed to identify a promising novel therapeutic target for depression using bioinformatic analysis.

Dual-Role of Cholesterol-25-Hydroxylase in Regulating Hepatitis B Virus Infection and Replication.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related diseases are among the major diseases that affect millions of people worldwide. These diseases are difficult to eradicate and thus pose a serious global health challenge. There is an urgent need to understand the cross talk mechanism between HBV and the host.

GRK2 promotes activation of lung fibroblast cells and contributes to pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis through increasing Smad3 expression.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible interstitial lung disease. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) plays a major role in lung fibroblast cell differentiation to myofibroblast cells and production of extracellular matrix, which are hallmarks of pulmonary fibrosis. G protein-coupled receptor kinase-2 (GRK2) has been shown to play controversial roles in TGF-β1-induced signal transduction in different cell types; however, the role of GRK2 in TGF-β1-induced activation of lung fibroblast cells and development of pulmonary fibrosis has not been revealed.

Efficacy of different analgesia treatments for abdominal surgery: A network meta-analysis.

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of analgesia and incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) of several widely used clinical treatments for postoperative analgesia following abdominal surgery through network meta-analysis (NMA) based on published randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods: This NMA was registered on PROSPERO as CRD 42020169606. Primary outcomes were pain scores (visual analog scale) and accumulative opioid consumption, and secondary outcomes assessed the incidence of PONV at 24 h after surgery.

The Facilitatory Effects of Adjuvant Pharmaceutics to Prolong the Duration of Local Anesthetic for Peripheral Nerve Block: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Background: Peripheral nerve block (PNB) with perineural local anesthetic is used for anesthesia or analgesia with many benefits. To extend these benefits, various adjuvant drugs have been used to prolong the duration of analgesia. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of various adjuvants at prolonging the duration of sensory and motor blockade for PNB.

Cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) knockdown exerts a protective effect for hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury by deactivating the MEK/ERK pathway.

Objective: Hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) is an unsettled and intractable conundrum in clinical treatment after liver transplantation and resection. Cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1) is upregulated in liver IRI and may play a key role in this process. The objective of this study is to investigate the regulatory mechanism of CCN1 in liver IRI, which may provide new insight into liver IRI clinical treatment.

Effect of Preemptive Acetaminophen on Opioid Consumption: A Meta-Analysis.

Background: Strategies for reducing postoperative opioid consumption have been explored in many recent studies, due in large part to the recent opioid epidemic. Preemptive analgesia has been proposed as a potential method, but its use is still controversial.

Objectives: This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a single dose of acetaminophen as preemptive analgesia for patients undergoing general anesthesia.

A Patient with COVID-19 Treated with ECMO for 26 Days.

In December 2019, an outbreak of a novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China, which was subsequently reported in other countries worldwide. COVID-19 is typically an acute self-limited disease that can rarely be fatal with a 5.6% case mortality rate (May, 2020), mainly due to substantial damage to pulmonary alveolar structures, and subsequent respiratory failure.

Ultrasonographic Assessment of Anatomic Relationship Between the Internal Jugular Vein and the Common Carotid Artery in Infants and Children After ETT or LMA Insertion: A Prospective Observational Study.

Central venous catheterization is used for fluid management and infusion of drugs, but it is difficult to perform and carries a high incidence of complications in infants and children. In adults, the anatomic relationship and the overlap index between the internal jugular vein (IJV) and the common carotid artery (CCA) changed significantly after laryngeal mask airway (LMA) placement. However, there are conflicting results regarding the anatomic relationship between the IJV and the CCA after endotracheal tube (ETT) or LMA insertion in pediatric populations.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 14 is a new therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases.

Ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) is a ubiquitin-specific protease that is associated with the proteasome and plays important roles in cellular functions, viral infection, inflammatory responses, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumorigenesis. USP14 appears to have a dual function in regulating intracellular proteolytic degradation. USP14 impedes degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by removing ubiquitin chains from its substrates, while it could promote protein degradation via increasing proteasome activation.

Understanding Diabetic Neuropathy: Focus on Oxidative Stress.

Diabetic neuropathy is one of the clinical syndromes characterized by pain and substantial morbidity primarily due to a lesion of the . The burden of diabetic neuropathy is related not only to the complexity of diabetes but also to the poor outcomes and difficult treatment options. There is no specific treatment for diabetic neuropathy other than glycemic control and diligent foot care.

MiR-181c-5p Promotes Inflammatory Response during Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury by Downregulating Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Nonreceptor Type 4 in H9C2 Cardiomyocytes.

Background: Constitutive nuclear factor kappa B (NFB) activation has been shown to exacerbate during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We recently showed that miR-181c-5p exacerbated cardiomyocytes injury and apoptosis by directly targeting the 3'-untranslated region of protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 4 (PTPN4). However, whether miR-181c-5p mediates cardiac I/R injury through NFB-mediated inflammation is unknown.

A review on the physiological and pathophysiological role of endothelial glycocalyx.

The glycocalyx is a gel-like layer covering the luminal surface of vascular endothelial cells. It comprises of membrane-attached proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycan chains, glycoproteins, and adherent plasma proteins. The glycocalyx maintains homeostasis of the vasculature, which includes controlling vascular permeability and microvascular tone, preventing microvascular thrombosis, and regulating leukocyte adhesion.

Folic acid and RAAS blockers in ischemia/reperfusion-induced hepatic injury: A current mechanistic concept for understanding the incidence, significance & outcome.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is not only one of the pathophysiological process involving the liver, but also a complex systemic process affecting multiple tissues and organs. IRI after liver transplant occurs due to in major resections and occlusion of vessels, or during the perioperative period, leads to acute liver failure which shows the dynamic process that involves two interrelated phases of local ischemic insult and inflammation-mediated reperfusion injury and has an impact on morbidity and mortality. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is activated locally in the injured cells by the occurrence of I/R, which plays an essential role in the fate of the damaged tissue.