Ciliary length regulation by intraflagellar transport in zebrafish.

How cells regulate the size of their organelles remains a fundamental question in cell biology. Cilia, with their simple structure and surface localization, provide an ideal model for investigating organelle size control. However, most studies on cilia length regulation are primarily performed on several single-celled organisms.

Machine Vision-Based Real-Time Monitoring of Bridge Incremental Launching Method.

With the wide application of the incremental launching method in bridges, the demand for real-time monitoring of launching displacement during bridge incremental launching construction has emerged. In this paper, we propose a machine vision-based real-time monitoring method for the forward displacement and lateral offset of bridge incremental launching in which the linear shape of the bottom surface of the girder is a straight line. The method designs a kind of cross target, and realizes efficient detection, recognition, and tracking of multiple targets during the dynamic process of beam incremental launching by training a YOLOv5 target detection model and a DeepSORT multi-target tracking model.

Bridging Electrolyte Bulk and Interfacial Chemistry: Dynamic Protective Strategy Enable Ultra-Long Lifespan Aqueous Zinc Batteries.

The main bottleneck of rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries (AZBs) is their limited cycle lifespans stemming from the unhealthy electrolyte bulk and fragile interface, especially in the absence of dynamic protection mechanism between them. To overcome this limitation, benefitting from their synergistic physical and chemical properties, chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs) are employed as superior colloid electrolyte to bridge electrolyte bulk and interfacial chemistry for ultra-long lifespan AZBs. This unique strategy not only enables continuous optimization of the electrolyte bulk and interfacial chemistry within the battery but also facilitates self-repairing of mechanical damage both internally and externally, thereby achieving comprehensive, persistent, and dynamic protection.

Aldehyde-functionalization of chitin nanocrystals via SI-ARGET ATRP of lignin-derived monomers.

Chitin nanocrystals (ChNCs), prepared from a down-sizing process from chitin, have recently captured great attention to access sustainable nanomaterials. The surface modification of ChNCs is crucial to regulate the surface physicochemical properties and introduce specific functions, thus satisfying their diverse applications. In this study, aldehyde-functionalized ChNCs (ChNCs-PVMA) with enhanced hydrophobicity were developed via surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer for atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ARGET ATRP) of a lignin-derived polymerizable aldehyde monomer, vanillin methacrylate (VMA).

TNF-α-downregulated SIRT1 regulates mitochondrial-autophagy and apoptosis in renal vascular endothelial cells involved in trichloroethylene-induced immune kidney injury.

Occupational medicamentose-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene (OMDT) represents a critical clinical issue, with patients frequently experiencing multi-organ damage, including renal impairment. The underlying mechanisms, however, remain elusive. This study investigated how trichloroethylene (TCE) sensitization-induced tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) deposition in renal vascular endothelial cells affects apoptosis and its underlying mechanisms.

PKD2: An Important Membrane Protein in Organ Development.

PKD2 was first identified as the pathogenic protein for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and is widely recognized as an ion channel. Subsequent studies have shown that PKD2 is widely expressed in various animal tissues and plays a crucial role in tissue and organ development. Additionally, PKD2 is conserved from single-celled organisms to vertebrates.

Acceleration waveform reproduction control of hypergravity centrifugal shaking table based on data driven iterative learning control and two-degree-of-freedom control.

The hypergravity centrifugal shaking table (HCST) is the most effective means for studying the disaster effects of rock and soil earthquakes, and the accurate control of acceleration waveform recurrence is the critical problem. This paper compares the dynamic characteristics of the normal gravity shaking table (NGST) and the HCST, highlighting the latter's particularities, and analyzes the limitations of the existing control strategy. Meanwhile, a hypergravity unidirectional airborne shaking table (HUAST) is designed, and a data-driven iterative learning control and two-degree-of-freedom control-based acceleration waveform reproduction strategy is proposed and experimentally verified.

Sulfur-containing cellulose esters for selectively anchoring gold for water catalytic decontamination.

The facile preparation of sustainable sulfur-containing polymer functional materials has been obtained great attention due to their chemical reactivity and metal complexing ability. In this study, taking the solution properties advantages of the newly developed cellulose solvent system of DBU/DMSO/CO, thiol and disulfide bond functionalized cellulose ester (TDSCE) was facilely prepared via in-situ tandem transesterification and oxidation reaction by using methyl 3-mercaptopropionate, without adding any external catalyst. The synthetic protocol was featured by that the DBU not only acted as reagent for the dissolution of cellulose, but also catalysts for the transesterification of cellulose with methyl 3-mercaptopropionate to yield cellulose 3-mercaptopropionate (Cell-MP) with maximum degrees of substitution (DS) of 0.

Plk4 regulates centriole duplication in the embryonic development of zebrafish.

PLK4 plays a crucial role in centriole duplication, which is essential for maintaining cellular processes such as cell division, cytoskeletal stability, and cilia formation. However, the mechanisms of PLK4 remain incompletely understood, especially in the embryonic development of vertebrate species. In this study, we observed that Plk4 dysfunction led to abnormal embryonic development in zebrafish, characterized by symptoms such as dark and wrinkled skin, microphthalmia, and body axis curvature.

Regulating RuMo Nanoalloys Anchored on Porous Nitrogen-Doped Carbon via Domain-Confined Etching Strategy for Neutral Efficient Ammonia Electrosynthesis.

Neutral electrochemical nitrate (NO) reduction to ammonia involves sluggish and complex kinetics, so developing efficient electrocatalysts at low potential remains challenging. Here, we report a domain-confined etching strategy to construct RuMo nanoalloys on porous nitrogen-doped carbon by optimizing the Ru-to-Mo ratio, achieving efficient neutral NH electrosynthesis. Combining spectroscopy and theoretical simulations demonstrated a rational synergic effect between Ru and Mo in nanoalloys that reinforces *H adsorption and lowers the energy barrier of NO hydrodeoxygenation for NH production.

Nesfatin-1 regulates the phenotype transition of cavernous smooth muscle cells by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to improve diabetic erectile dysfunction.

Objective: This study aims to explore the impact of Nesfatin-1 on type 2 diabetic erectile dysfunction (T2DMED) and its underlying mechanism in regulating the phenotypic switching of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs).

Methods: Twenty-four 4-week-old male C57 wild-type mice were randomly assigned to the control group, model group, and Nesfatin-1 treatment group. Monitoring included body weight, blood glucose levels, and penile cavernous pressure (ICP).

A Bio-Inspired Multifunctional Hydrogel Network with Toughly Interfacial Chemistry for Dendrite-Free Flexible Zinc Ion Battery.

Flexible and high-performance aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), coupled with low cost and safe, are considered as one of the most promising energy storage candidates for wearable electronics. Hydrogel electrolytes present a compelling alternative to liquid electrolytes due to their remarkable flexibility and clear advantages in mitigating parasitic side reactions. However, hydrogel electrolytes suffer from poor mechanical properties and interfacial chemistry, which limits them to suppressed performance levels in flexible ZIBs, especially under harsh mechanical strains.

Nesfatin-1 regulates the phenotype transition of cavernous smooth muscle cells by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to improve diabetic erectile dysfunction.

Objective: This study aims to explore the impact of Nesfatin-1 on type 2 diabetic erectile dysfunction (T2DMED) and its underlying mechanism in regulating the phenotypic switching of corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs).

Methods: Twenty-four 4-week-old male C57 wild-type mice were randomly assigned to the control group, model group, and Nesfatin-1 treatment group. Monitoring included body weight, blood glucose levels, and penile cavernous pressure (ICP).

Trichloroethylene exposure, multi-organ injury, and potential mechanisms: A narrative review.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a common environmental pollutant and industrial chemical that has been associated with adverse health effects, especially on organ systems. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current findings on organ system damage caused by TCE exposure and the underlying mechanisms involved. Numerous studies have shown that TCE exposure may cause damage to multiple organ systems, mainly the skin, liver, kidney, and circulatory system.

Cellulose aerogel beads and monoliths from CO-based reversible ionic liquid solution.

The CO-based reversible ionic liquid solution of 1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine (TMG) and ethylene glycol (EG) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) after capturing CO, (2[TMGH][OCOCHCHOCO]/DMSO (χ = 0.1), provides a sustainable and effective platform for cellulose dissolution and homogeneous utilization. Highly porous cellulose aerogel beads and monoliths were successfully prepared via a sol-gel process by extruding cellulose solution into different coagulation baths (NaOH aqueous solution or alcohols) and exposing the cellulose solution in open environment, respectively, and followed by different drying techniques, including supercritical CO-drying, freeze-drying and air-drying.

Recent Advances in Carbon-Based Single-Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide in Acidic Media.

Electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) via the 2e pathway in an acidic media shows great techno-economic potential for the production of hydrogen peroxide. Currently, carbon-based single-atom catalysts (C-SACs) have attracted extensive attention due to their tunable electronic structures, low cost, and sufficient stability in acidic media. This review summarizes recent advances in metal centers and their coordination environment in C-SACs for 2e-ORR.

The role of PANoptosis in renal vascular endothelial cells: Implications for trichloroethylene-induced kidney injury.

Trichloroethylene (TCE), a widely distributed environmental chemical contaminant, is extensively dispersed throughout the environment. Individuals who are exposed to TCE may manifest occupational medicamentose-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene (OMDT). Renal impairment typically manifests in the initial phase of OMDT and is intricately linked to the disease progression and patient outcomes.

C5b-9 promotes ferritinophagy leading to ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells of trichloroethylene-sensitized mice.

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a common environmental contaminant that can cause a severe allergic reaction called TCE hypersensitivity syndrome, which often implicates the patient's kidneys. Our previous study revealed that C5b-9-induced tubular ferroptosis is involved in TCE-caused kidney damage. However, the study did not explain how tubule-specific C5b-9 causes free iron overload, a key event in ferroptosis.

Multifunctional Cellulose Nanocrystals Electrolyte Additive Enable Ultrahigh-Rate and Dendrite-Free Zn Anodes for Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc Batteries.

The design of aqueous zinc (Zn) chemistry energy storage with high rate-capability and long serving life is a great challenge due to its inhospitable coordination environment and dismal interfacial chemistry. To bridge this big gap, herein, we build a highly reversible aqueous Zn battery by taking advantages of the biomass-derived cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) electrolyte additive with unique physical and chemical characteristics simultaneously. The CNCs additive not only serves as fast ion carriers for enhancing Zn transport kinetics but regulates the coordination environment and interface chemistry to form dynamic and self-repairing protective interphase, resulting in building ultra-stable Zn anodes under extreme conditions.

Study on the effects and mechanisms of Wenzhong Bushen Formula in improving ovarian reserve decline in mice based on network pharmacology.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Wenzhong Bushen Formula (WZBSF) is a traditional Chinese medicine empirical formula known for its effects in tonifying qi, strengthening the spleen, warming the kidneys, promoting yang, regulating blood circulation, and balancing menstruation. Clinical evidence has demonstrated its significant efficacy in treating Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR) by improving ovarian reserves. However, the specific pharmacological mechanisms of WZBSF remain unclear.

Development of Phenyl-substituted Isoindolinone- and Benzimidazole-type Cereblon Ligands for Targeted Protein Degradation.

Thalidomide, pomalidomide and lenalidomide, collectively referred to as immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs), are frequently employed in proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) as cereblon (CRBN) E3 ligase-recruiting ligands. However, their molecular glue properties that co-opt the CRL4 to degrade its non-natural substrates may lead to undesired off-target effects for the IMiD-based PROTAC degraders. Herein, we reported a small library of potent and cell-permeable CRBN ligands, which exert high selectivity over the well-known CRBN neo-substrates of IMiDs by structure-based design.

Introducing the Reversible Reaction of CO with Diamines into Nonisocyanate Polyurethane Synthesis.

Nonisocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) are considered greener alternatives to traditional polyurethanes, and the preparation of NIPUs considerably depends on the design and synthesis of suitable monomers. Herein, we propose a toolbox for capturing and conversion of CO into α,ω-diene-functionalized carbamate monomers by taking advantage of the facile reversible reaction of CO with diamines in the presence of organic superbases. The activation of CO into carbamate intermedia was demonstrated by NMR and FTIR, and the optimal conditions to prepare α,ω-diene-functionalized carbamate monomers were established.