Publications by authors named "Haibo Cheng"

Article Synopsis
  • The resident microbiota within the tumor immune microenvironment influences tumor development in various cancers, particularly gastric cancer (GC), as shown through analysis of microbiome, transcriptome, and metabolome data.
  • In GC samples, patients with high levels of specific bacteria like Streptococcus or Pseudomonas had poorer survival outcomes, with Streptococcus anginosus identified as a key player in promoting tumor growth and hindering immune response.
  • Antibiotic treatment in mouse models significantly reduced tumor development associated with Streptococcus anginosus, and the bacterium's role in altering the immune microenvironment suggests it could be a useful target for potential diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in gastric cancer.
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Duodenal squamous cell carcinoma is an exceedingly rare occurrence among gastrointestinal malignancies, and its diagnosis and treatment are not well understood. In this report, we present a case of duodenal squamous cell carcinoma with liver and adrenal metastasis. The patient was treated with gemcitabine and S-1, achieving a progression-free survival (PFS) of 7 months and an overall survival (OS) of 9 months.

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Protein homeostasis and quality control are crucial for normal cellular activities, and a severe imbalance in protein homeostasis can lead to cell death. α-Hederin, a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin isolated from Fructus Akebia, has a clear role in promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) cell apoptosis and has been recently used for CRC therapy. However, whether the pro-apoptotic activity of α-hederin in CRC cells involves disturbing protein homeostasis remains unknown.

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Article Synopsis
  • Shen-Bai-Jie-Du decoction (SBJDD) is a traditional Chinese herbal formula that shows promise in reducing colorectal adenoma recurrence and carcinogenesis, yet its mechanism of action is not fully understood.
  • A study involving twenty-one colorectal adenoma patients and Apc mice assessed SBJDD's effects on gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and various biological markers.
  • Results indicated that SBJDD not only improved gut microbiota and SCFA production but also reduced adenoma formation, influenced inflammatory cytokines, and activated specific receptors related to gut health.
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Copper-based nanomaterials demonstrate promising potential in cancer therapy. Cu efficiently triggers a Fenton-like reaction and further consumes the high level of glutathione, initiating chemical dynamic therapy (CDT) and ferroptosis. Cuproptosis, a newly identified cell death modality that represents a great prospect in cancer therapy, is activated.

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Tumor and its concomitant symptoms such as pain, fatigue and nausea bring a huge physical and mental burden to the patients. Although the medication is a common intervention for these symptoms, these problems have not been solved yet due to the side effects and patients' tolerance. In modern clinical practice of anti-tumor, acupuncture-moxibustion not only inhibits the growth of tumor, but also ameliorates the related symptoms as an auxiliary therapy.

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy with high incidence and mortality rates globally, categorized into left-sided and right-sided CRC, each exhibiting significant differences in molecular characteristics, clinical manifestations, and prognosis. This study employed single-cell transcriptomic data and various bioinformatics approaches, such as two-sample Mendelian randomization, reverse Mendelian randomization, colocalization analysis, directed filtering, pseudotime analysis, and intercellular communication analysis. It analyzed cellular-level disparities between left-sided and right-sided CRC, identifying distinct subpopulations with characteristic variations.

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Background: Non-apoptotic cell death is presently emerging as a potential direction to overcome the apoptosis resistance of cancer cells. In the current study, a natural plant agent α-hederin (α-hed) induces caspase-independent paraptotic modes of cell death.

Purpose: The present study is aimed to investigate the role of α-hed induces paraptosis and the associated mechanism of it.

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Objectives: Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality, current diagnostic tests for early-stage CRC and colorectal adenoma (CRA) are suboptimal. Therefore, there is an urgent need to explore less invasive screening procedures for CRC and CRA diagnosis.

Methods: Untargeted gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolic profiling approach was applied to identify candidate metabolites.

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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health issue, ranking as one of the predominant cancer types globally in terms of incidence. Intriguingly, Arenobufagin (Are), a compound extracted from toad venom, has demonstrated the potential to inhibit tumor growth effectively.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore Are's molecular targets and unravel its antitumor mechanism in CRC.

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Background: Xianlian Jiedu Decoction (XLJDD) has been used for the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) for several decades because of the prominent efficacy of the prescription. Despite the clear clinical efficacy of XLJDD, the anti-CRC mechanism of action is still unclear.

Purpose: The inhibitory effect and mechanism of XLJDD on CRC were investigated in the azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced mice.

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Background: Previous investigations have demonstrated a correlation between the composition of gut microbiota and the development of thyroid cancer (TC). Nonetheless, there was no consensus on the causal effect of gut microbiota composition on TC risk. Therefore, the present study aimed to perform a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore potential causal associations between gut microbiota and TC risk.

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Background: Colorectal adenoma is benign glandular tumor of colon, the precursor of colorectal cancer. But no pharmaceutical medication is currently available to treat and prevent adenomas.

Purpose: To evaluate efficacy of Shenbai Granules, an herbal medicine formula, in reducing the recurrence of adenomas.

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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the leading causes of cancerrelated deaths.

Objective: This study aimed to illuminate the relationship between DPP7 (also known as DPP2) and CRC through a combination of bioinformatics and experimental methodologies.

Methods: A multi-dimensional bioinformatic analysis on DPP7 was executed, covering its expression, survival implications, clinical associations, functional roles, immune interactions, and drug sensitivities.

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Background: The effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir has mainly been shown in non-hospitalized patients with mild-to-moderate coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The real-world effectiveness of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir urgently needs to be determined using representative in-hospital patients with COVID-19 during the Omicron wave of the pandemic.

Methods: We performed a multicentre, retrospective study in five Chinese PLA General Hospital medical centers in Beijing, China.

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In this study, we used alkaloids from Sophora flavescens to inhibit the SASP, leading to fibroblast-into-myofibroblast transition (FMT) to maintain intestinal mucosal homeostasis in vitro and in vivo. We used western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence staining (IF) to assess whether five kinds of alkaloids inhibit the major inflammatory pathways and chose the most effective compound (sophocarpine; SPC) to ameliorate colorectal inflammation in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mouse model. IF, Immunohistochemistry staining (IHC), WB, disease activity index (DAI), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted to investigate the mechanism of action of this compound.

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Background: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Diet can impact inflammation and consequently affect cancer outcomes. The Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) can serve as a tool to assess the inflammatory potential of cancer survivors' diets and further predict their survival.

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The Guidelines for prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma with integrated Chinese and western medicine are put forward by Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine and approved by China Association of Chinese Medicine. According to the formulation processes and methods of relevant clinical practice guidelines, the experts in clinical medicine and methodology were organized to discuss the key problems to be addressed in the clinical prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma(CRA) and provided answers following the evidence-based medicine method, so as to provide guidance for clinical decision-making. CRA is the major precancerous disease of colorectal cancer.

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Article Synopsis
  • * The study discusses a patient with NSCLC who underwent left superior lobectomy but experienced multiple failed systemic therapies such as pemetrexed + carboplatin and pembrolizumab.
  • * Remarkably, the patient achieved over 4 years of survival following targeted therapy and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy, highlighting their effectiveness in treating advanced lung cancer resistant to other treatments.
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Gastrointestinal cancers account for 11.6 % of all cancers, and are the second most frequently diagnosed type of cancer worldwide. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), together with Western medicine or alone, has unique advantages for the prevention and treatment of cancers, including gastrointestinal cancers.

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This article describes the process of multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion and comprehensive treatment of a case of advanced gastric cancer that tested positive for programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1). During diagnosis, the patient presented with advanced gastric cancer and numerous unresectable metastases in the lesser omental lymph nodes, both lungs, liver, and left parietal occipital lobe. A meeting was arranged for the departments of oncology, gastrointestinal surgery, radiotherapy, imaging, and pathology to discuss the case.

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Membrane technologies in water and wastewater treatment have been eagerly pursued over the past decades, yet membrane fouling remains the major bottleneck to overcome. Membrane fouling control methods which couple membrane processes with online in situ application of external physical energy input (EPEI) are getting closer and closer to reality, thanks to recent advances in novel materials and energy deliverance methods. In this review, we summarized recent studies on membrane fouling control techniques that depend on (i) electric field, (ii) acoustic field, (iii) magnetic field, and (iv) photo-irradiation (mostly ultraviolet or visible light).

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Article Synopsis
  • The YangzhengXiaoji capsule (YXC) is a traditional Chinese medicine showing promise in treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), though its active components and mechanisms are not fully understood.
  • This study aimed to uncover the treatment mechanisms of YXC on HCC using network pharmacology and advanced serum analysis in nude mice with liver tumors.
  • Results revealed 47 bioactive compounds in YXC and identified 173 target genes, with significant effects on cancer-related pathways; YXC demonstrated strong anti-cancer properties both in vitro and in vivo.
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Colorectal tumors often create an immunosuppressive microenvironment that prevents them from responding to immunotherapy. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychoactive natural active ingredient from the cannabis plant that has various pharmacological effects, including neuroprotective, antiemetic, anti-inflammatory, and antineoplastic activities. This study aimed to elucidate the specific anticancer mechanism of CBD by single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and single-cell ATAC sequencing (scATAC-seq) technologies.

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