Unconventional hexagonal open Prussian blue analog structures.

Prussian blue analogs (PBAs), as a classical kind of microporous materials, have attracted substantial interests considering their well-defined framework structures, unique physicochemical properties and low cost. However, PBAs typically adopt cubic structure that features small pore size and low specific surface area, which greatly limits their practical applications in various fields ranging from gas adsorption/separation to energy conversion/storage and biomedical treatments. Here we report the facile and general synthesis of unconventional hexagonal open PBA structures.

Chromosome-level genome of spider Pardosa pseudoannulata and cuticle protein genes in environmental stresses.

Spiders are representative arthropods of adaptive radiation. The high-quality genomes have only been reported in several web weaver spider species, leaving the wandering spiders' genomic information scarce. The pond wolf spider, Pardosa pseudoannulata, is a representative species in the retrolateral titial apophysis (RTA) clade.

Maneuvering the Peroxidase-Like Activity of Palladium-Based Nanozymes by Alloying with Oxophilic Bismuth for Biosensing.

Engineering the catalytic performance of nanozymes is of vital importance for their broad applications in biological analysis, cancer treatment, and environmental management. Herein, a strategy to boost the peroxidase-like activity of Pd-based nanozymes with oxophilic metallic bismuth (Bi) is demonstrated, which is based on the incorporation of oxophilic Bi in the Pd-based alloy nanocrystals (NCs). To synthesize PdBi alloy NCs, a seed-mediated method is employed with the assistance of underpotential deposition (UPD) of Bi on Pd.

The impact of positive and negative information on SIR-like epidemics in delayed multiplex networks.

In order to better study the interaction between epidemic propagation and information diffusion, a new coupling model on multiplex networks with time delay is put forward in this paper. One layer represents the information diffusion about epidemics. There is not only information about the positive prevention of infectious diseases but also negative preventive information.

Time-Series Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Molecular Profiles of Diapause Termination Induced by Long Photoperiods and High Temperature in .

Survival and adaptation to seasonal changes are challenging for insects. Many temperate insects such as the rice stem borer () overcome the adverse situation by entering diapause, wherein development changes dynamically occur and metabolic activity is suppressed. The photoperiod and temperature act as major environmental stimuli of diapause.

Preferential binding of DAP-PGs by major peptidoglycan recognition proteins found in cell-free hemolymph of Manduca sexta.

Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) detect invading bacteria to trigger or modulate immune responses in insects. While these roles are established in Drosophila, functional studies are not yet achieved at the PGRP family level in other insects. To attain this goal, we selected Manduca sexta PGRP12 and five of the nine secreted PGRPs for recombinant expression and biochemical characterization.

Event-Triggered Quantized Quasisynchronization of Uncertain Quaternion-Valued Chaotic Neural Networks With Time-Varying Delay for Image Encryption.

In this article, a class of quaternion-valued master-slave neural networks (NNs) with time-varying delay and parameter uncertainties was first established by conducting the extension from real-valued chaotic NNs to the quaternion field. Then, based on logarithmic quantized output feedback, the quasisynchronization issue of the NNs was investigated via devising a neoteric dynamic event-triggered controller. In virtue of the classical Lyapunov method and a generalized Halanay inequality, not only corresponding synchronization criteria were obtained to realize the quasisynchronization of master-slave NNs but also a precise upper bound was provided.

Designer Gold-Framed Palladium Nanocubes for Plasmon-Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Ethanol.

Surface plasmon of coinage metal nanostructures has been employed as a powerful route in boosting the performances in heterogenous catalysis. Development of efficient plasmonic nanocatalysts with high catalytic performance and efficient light harvesting properties is of vital importance. Herein, we rationally designed and synthesized a plasmonic nanocatalyst composed of Au-framed Pd nanocubes by an Ag(I)-assisted seed-mediated growth method.

Surface Molecular Functionalization of Unusual Phase Metal Nanomaterials for Highly Efficient Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction under Industry-Relevant Current Density.

The electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO RR) provides a sustainable strategy to relieve global warming and achieve carbon neutrality. However, the practical application of CO RR is still limited by the poor selectivity and low current density. Here, the surface molecular functionalization of unusual phase metal nanomaterials for high-performance CO RR under industry-relevant current density is reported.

Unveiling the Actual Catalytic Sites in Nanozyme-Catalyzed Oxidation of o-Phenylenediamine.

Nanozymes have offered remarkable advantages over natural enzymes and found widespread applications including biosensors, immunoassays, nanomedicines, and environmental remediation. Oxidation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) by nanozymes has been listed as a standard protocol for determining nanozyme activities. Given the complexity of OPD oxidation processes, however, the mechanism of nanozyme-catalyzed oxidation of OPD remains elusive.

Global Mittag-Leffler Stability of the Delayed Fractional-Coupled Reaction-Diffusion System on Networks Without Strong Connectedness.

In this article, we mainly consider the existence of solutions and global Mittag-Leffler stability of delayed fractional-order coupled reaction-diffusion neural networks without strong connectedness. Using the Leary-Schauder's fixed point theorem and the Lyapunov method, some criteria for the existence of solutions and global Mittag-Leffler stability are given. Finally, the correctness of the theory is verified by a numerical example.

Neonicotinoids stimulate H-limited methane emission in Periplaneta americana through the regulation of gut bacterium community.

Methane emitted by insects is considered to be an important source of atmospheric methane. Here we report the stimulation of methane emission in the cockroach Periplaneta americana and termite Coptotermes chaohuensis, insects with abundant methanogens, by neonicotinoids, insecticides widely used to control insect pests. Cycloxaprid (CYC) and imidacloprid (IMI) caused foregut expansion in P.

Uniform Stability of Complex-Valued Neural Networks of Fractional Order With Linear Impulses and Fixed Time Delays.

As a generation of the real-valued neural network (RVNN), complex-valued neural network (CVNN) is based on the complex-valued (CV) parameters and variables. The fractional-order (FO) CVNN with linear impulses and fixed time delays is discussed. By using the sign function, the Banach fixed point theorem, and two classes of activation functions, some criteria of uniform stability for the solution and existence and uniqueness for equilibrium solution are derived.

Surface engineering of Rh-modified Pd nanocrystals by colloidal underpotential deposition for electrocatalytic methanol oxidation.

The development of methods to control the surface structures of metallic nanocatalysts is of vital importance for their application as heterogeneous catalysts in chemical conversions of energy and environmental and chemical engineering. The underpotential deposition (UPD) phenomenon has received considerable interest as a tool for the controllable synthesis of metal nanocrystals and engineering their catalytic performances. Herein, the discovery of UPD of Rh on Pd nanocrystals is reported.

Dual roles of underpotential deposition in the synthesis of tetrahexahedral Pd-Ag alloy nanocrystals.

Tetrahexahedral Pd-Ag alloy nanocrystals enclosed by high-index {520} facets with enhanced electrocatalytic activity have been synthesized using an Ag(i)-assisted growth protocol. The underpotential deposition of Ag plays dual roles in the formation of tetrahexahedral nanocrystals: it not only stabilizes the high-index {520} facets, but also facilitates the formation of Pd-Ag alloys.

Adaptive Synchronization of Fractional-Order Output-Coupling Neural Networks via Quantized Output Control.

This article focuses on the adaptive synchronization for a class of fractional-order coupled neural networks (FCNNs) with output coupling. The model is new for output coupling item in the FCNNs that treat FCNNs with state coupling as its particular case. Novel adaptive output controllers with logarithm quantization are designed to cope with the stability of the fractional-order error systems for the first attempt, which is also an effective way to synchronize fractional-order complex networks.

Synchronization criteria for quaternion-valued coupled neural networks with impulses.

We consider the global exponential synchronization of a category of quaternion-valued coupled neural networks (QVCNNs) with impulses in this article. It makes up for the gap of coupled neural networks with impulses in quaternion. On account of the product of two quaternions cannot be exchanged under normal circumstances, for convenience, we isolate the QVCNN into four real-valued coupled neural networks (RVCNNs) which are converted into an augmented system by defining a new augmented vector.

Non-fragile state estimation for fractional-order delayed memristive BAM neural networks.

This paper deals with the non-fragile state estimation problem for a class of fractional-order memristive BAM neural networks (FMBAMNNs) with and without time delays for the first time. By means of a novel transformation and interval matrix approach, non-fragile estimators are designed and parameter mismatch problem is averted. Sufficient criteria are established to ascertain the error system is asymptotically stable based on fractional-order Lyapunov functionals and linear matrix inequalities (LMIs).

Niemann-Pick proteins type C2 are identified as olfactory related genes of Pardosa pseudoannulata by transcriptome and expression profile analysis.

In arthropods, the large majority of studies on olfaction have been mainly focused on insects, whereas little on Arachnida, even though olfaction is very important in arachnid behavior. Pardosa pseudoannulata is one of the most common wandering spiders in rice fields, as the important natural enemy against a range of pests. However, little is known about the potential chemosensory proteins involved in olfactory behavior of these spiders.

Identification and functional study of three nAChR regulators, ubiquilin-1, PICK1, and CRELD2, in Locusta migratoria manilensis dorsal unpaired median neurons.

Insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are not only important neurotransmitter receptors but also effective insecticide targets. The regulation of nAChRs has been mainly studied in vertebrates, especially in mammals. Here, two types of nAChRs were found present in the locust Locusta migratoria manilensis dorsal unpaired median (DUM) neurons, α-bungarotoxin (α-Bgt)-sensitive nAChRs and α-Bgt-resistant nAChRs, responding to acetylcholine (ACh) at different concentrations.

The binding properties of cycloxaprid on insect native nAChRs partially explain the low cross-resistance with imidacloprid in Nilaparvata lugens.

Background: Neonicotinoids, such as imidacloprid, are selective agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) used to control Nilaparvata lugens, a major rice insect pest. High imidacloprid resistance has been reported in N. lugens both in the laboratory and in the field.

H state estimation of stochastic memristor-based neural networks with time-varying delays.

This paper addresses the problem of H state estimation for a class of stochastic memristor-based neural networks with time-varying delays. Under the framework of Filippov solution, the stochastic memristor-based neural networks are transformed into systems with interval parameters. The present paper is the first to investigate the H state estimation problem for continuous-time Itô-type stochastic memristor-based neural networks.

Heterologous formation of neonicotinoid-sensitive nAChRs containing UNC-38 and UNC-29 subunits from Bursaphelenchus xylophilus.

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits are encoded by a large multigene family and generate a large number of pentameric receptors with various properties. At present, nematode species, such as Caenorhabditis elegans, have the largest number of nAChR subunits. In this study, two nAChR subunits (Bxy-Unc-38 and Bxy-Unc-29) were cloned from Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, a fatal nematode pest on pine trees causing pine wilt disease.

Dual effects of insect nAChR chaperone RIC-3 on hybrid receptor: Promoting assembly on endoplasmic reticulum but suppressing transport to plasma membrane on Xenopus oocytes.

Resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase (RIC) -3 promotes the maturation (folding and assembly) of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) as a molecular chaperone. The modulation effects of RIC-3 on homomeric α7 nAChRs are always positive, but its effects on heteromeric subtypes are inconsistent among reports. In this study, five RIC-3 isoforms were identified from Locusta migratoria.