Chromones from Saposhnikovia divaricata and their inhibition of IL-1β-induced proliferative activity in SW982 cells.

Nine previously undescribed chromones, named sadivamones O-W (1-9), and five known analogues (10-14), were isolated from the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk. The detailed structural analysis of each compound was finalized by a variety of methods including NMR (1D and 2D), mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS) spectroscopic data, and sugar hydrolysis.

New triterpenoid saponins isolated from the leaves of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. and their neuroprotective effects.

Fifteen new triterpenoid saponins designated as huangqiyesaponin A-O (1-15), in addition to eleven previously identified compounds (16-26), were extracted from the leaves of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. utilizing a 70% ethanol solution.

Xanthones explore the mechanism of p53/p21 signaling pathway to prevent cardiac aging and epigenetic regulation of Nrf2 gene.

Gentianella acuta (GA) is a folk medicine used by Ewenki people in Inner Mongolia to treat heart disease. Transcriptional inhibition caused by the increase of DNMT1/3A/3B levels inhibited Nrf2, an anti-aging factor with antioxidant effect in aging myocardia, and the level of Nrf2 decreased with the increase of age. The main chemical component of GA, xanthones, can reverse this inhibition.

Lignans from Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill ameliorates cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease and alleviates ferroptosis by activating the Nrf2/FPN1 signaling pathway and regulating iron levels.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (S. chinensis), first recorded in Shennong's Classic of the Materia Medica, is described as a "top grade medicine".

Vinegar-processed Schisandra chinensis polysaccharide ameliorates type 2 diabetes via modulation serum metabolic profiles, gut microbiota, and fecal SCFAs.

Numerous studies indicate that Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (SC) has anti-type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) effects, and its processed products are commonly used in clinical practice. However, limited reports exist on the mechanisms of polysaccharides from its vinegar products and their role in T2DM.

New cytotoxic compounds from (Kom.) Nakai.

Twenty-one compounds were isolated and identified from the ethanol extract of (Kom.) Nakai, including two new compounds ( and ), a new artificial product () and eighteen known compounds (). Compounds and were isolated from for the first time.

The total withanolides from the leaves of Datura stramonium L. Improves Alzheimer's disease pathology by restraining neuroinflammation through NLRP3/IL-1β/IL1R1/TOM 1 pathway.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the deposition of beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptides. Microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is one of the primary contributors to the pathogenesis of AD. Withanolides, the main constituents in the leaves of Datura stramonium L.

Panax quinquefolium saponins protects neuronal activity by promoting mitophagy in both in vitro and in vivo models of Alzheimer's disease.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In the realm of traditional Chinese medicine, Panax quinquefolius L. has garnered significant attention for its potential to treat various ailments associated with deficiencies, including qi, blood, and kidneys. As its primary bioactive constituent, Panax quinquefolius saponins (PQS) have the potential therapeutic role of Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment, but with unclear mechanisms of action.

Mentha haplocalyx Briq. (Mint): a comprehensive review on the botany, traditional uses, nutritional value, phytochemistry, health benefits, and applications.

Mentha haplocalyx Briq. (M. haplocalyx), a notable member of the Lamiaceae family, occupies a significant role in the realm of health foods and botanical medicines.

Saikosaponins from Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd. alleviates microglial pyroptosis in depression by binding and inhibiting P2X7 expression.

Background: The major depressive disorder (MDD) is a heterogeneous condition and characterized by a high recurrence rate, with neuroinflammation playing a significant role in its various potential pathologies. In recent years, neuronal pyroptosis induced by neuroinflammation has garnered increasing attention in depression research. Bupleurum scorzonerifolium Willd.

Progress in the preparation, structure and bio-functionality of Dictyophora indusiata polysaccharides: A review.

Dictyophora indusiata (D. indusiata) is an elegant fungus known as the "mushroom queen" because of its rich nutritional value and resemblance to dancers wearing clean white dresses. Due to the harsh growth environment, the yield of D.

Genus Paeonia polysaccharides: A review on their extractions, purifications, structural characteristics, biological activities, structure-activity relationships and applications.

The Paeonia genus, the most distinctive representative of the Paeoniaceae family, holds significant edible and medicinal value. Its plants are rich in chemical constituents, including polysaccharides, phenols, terpenes, and flavonoids. Among these, Paeonia polysaccharide (PPS) is a key bioactive component, exhibiting diverse biological activities such as anti-cancer, anti-depressant, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, immunomodulatory activities and therapeutical effect of diabetic kidney disease.

Physicochemical properties, health benefits, and applications of the polysaccharides from Rosa rugosa Thunb.: A review.

Rosa rugosa Thunb. (R. rugosa) has been used as food and medicine and not just as ornamental plant for nearly a thousand years, its nutritional and medicinal value have been recognized by people.

Lignans of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill inhibits Parkinson's disease progression through mediated neuroinflammation-TRPV1 expression in microglia.

Background: Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill (S. chinensis), a member of the Magnoliaceae family, is renowned for its distinctive medicinal attributes and is commonly employed in the treatment of disorders affecting the CNS.

A comparative study on the antipyretic effect and underlying mechanisms of different bile-fermented Arisaemas.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cattle bile Arisaema (CBA) and Pig bile Arisaema (PBA) are both processed products fermented from Arisaema erubescens (Wall.) Schott and animal bile, which are recorded in China Pharmacopoeia. Traditionally, bile Arisaema was often used for clearing heat and eliminating phlegm, calming wind and calming panic.

Three undescribed isosteroidal alkaloids from the bulbs of Fritillaria ussuriensis maxim: Anti-inflammatory activities, docking studies and molecular dynamic.

Three undescribed isosteroidal alkaloids (1-3), along with two known ones (4, 5) were isolated from the bulbs of Fritillaria ussuriensis Maxim, their structures were established by comprehensive analyses of the 1D, 2D-NMR and HR-ESI-MS data. Meanwhile, LPS-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages were used to determine the potential anti-inflammatory activity of all the alkaloids in vitro.

Chromone components of Saposhnikovia divaricate attenuate rheumatoid arthritis development by inhibiting the inflammatory response.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schisck., a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has historically been utilized in the clinical treatment of RA.

Polygala japonica Houtt.: A comprehensive review on its botany, traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and pharmacokinetics.

Polygala japonica Houtt. (P. japonica), a member of the Polygala genus in the Polygalaceae family, has been historically utilized in traditional folk medicine as an expectorant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and anti-depressant agent.

Structural identification, rheological properties and immunological receptor of a complex galacturonoglucan from fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.

A complex heteropolysaccharide SCP-2 named schisanan B (M = 1.005 × 10 g/mol) was obtained from water extracts of Schisandra chinensis fruits, and its planar structure was finally deduced as a galacturonoglucan by a combination of monosaccharide compositions, methylation analysis, partial acid hydrolysis, enzymatic hydrolysis and 1D/2D-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The conformation of SCP-2 exhibited a globular shape with branching in ammonium formate aqueous solutions.

Alkaloids in L: a review of its phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology.

L. (, commonly known as "Bai Qu Cai" in China, belongs to the genus of the Papaveraceae family. It has rich medicinal value, such as alleviating coughs, asthma, spasms and pain.

Recent advances in Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant. polysaccharides: Extractions, purifications, structural characteristics, pharmacological activities, and existing and potential applications.

Artemisia argyi Levl. et Vant. (A.