Direct synthesis of α-functionalized amides via heteroatom-hydrogen insertion reactions using amide-sulfoxonium ylides.

α-Functionalized Si-, Ge-, B-, Se-, and S-amide moieties are present in many medicinally active molecules, but their synthesis remains challenging. Here, we demonstrate a high-throughput synthesis using amide-sulfoxonium ylides as carbene precursors in a Si-H, Ge-H, B-H, Se-H, and S-H insertion reactions to target a wide range of α-silyl, α-geryl, α-boryl, α-selenyl, and α-sulfur (hetero)amides. The process is featured as simple operation, mild conditions, broad substrate scope, high functional group compatibility, and excellent chemoselectivity.

Plasma exchange as an effective treatment for cytokine release syndrome following T cell receptor‑engineered T cell immunotherapy: A case report.

T-cell receptor-engineered T-cell (TCR-T) immunotherapy is a promising approach for the treatment of solid tumors. However, TCR-T therapy can result in severe cytokine release syndrome (CRS), thus limiting its therapeutic application. The present study reported the case of a patient with TCR-T-related CRS, which was treated successfully with plasma exchange (PE).

Relationship between sleep quality and duration and the incidence rate of arthritis: A prospective cohort study.

Little is known about the relationship between sleep duration and quality and the risk of arthritis in the older adult population of China. The participants were a prospective cohort of adults aged 65 years and over who had not had arthritis at baseline and had participated in follow-up surveys from 2011 to 2018 in the Chinese Longitudinal Health and Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A Cox proportional-hazards regression model was established.

An Innovative Deep Learning Approach to Spinal Fracture Detection in CT Images.

Aim: Spinal fractures, particularly vertebral compression fractures, pose a significant challenge in medical imaging due to their small-scale nature and blurred boundaries in Computed Tomography (CT) scans. However, advanced deep learning models, such as the integration of the You Only Look Once (YOLO) V7 model with Efficient Layer Aggregation Networks (ELAN) and Max-Pooling Convolution (MPConv) architectures, can substantially reduce the loss of small-scale information during computational processing, thus improving detection accuracy. The purpose of this study is to develop an innovative deep learning approach for detecting spinal fractures, particularly vertebral compression fractures, in CT images.

Renal damage and old age: risk factors for thrombosis in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Introduction: Thrombosis in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) was prevalent and has been neglected in Chinese patients. This study tried to describe the clinical characteristics, identify the risk factors, and investigate the causal relationship between AAV and venous thromboembolism (VTE) by two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: In this retrospective, observational study, we included all hospitalized AAV patients from Jan 2013 to Apr 2022 in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.

Roxadustat and Oral Iron Absorption in Chinese Patients with Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease: A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 4 Study (ALTAI).

Introduction: Anemia of chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high incidence and is associated with many disease conditions. Iron dysmetabolism is an important contributor to anemia in CKD patients.

Methods: ALTAI, a randomized, active-controlled, phase 4 trial, investigated the efficacy of roxadustat versus recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on gastrointestinal iron absorption in patients with anemia of CKD (stage 4/5).

Strategies for high cell density cultivation of and its potential metabolism.

Currently, there is significant interest in as a promising next-generation probiotic, making it a hot topic in scientific research. However, to achieve efficient industrial production, there is an urgent need to develop an culture method to achieve high biomass using low-cost carbon sources such as glucose. This study aims to explore the high-density fermentation strategy of by optimizing the culture process.

High-Throughput Experimentation and Machine Learning-Assisted Optimization of Iridium-Catalyzed Cross-Dimerization of Sulfoxonium Ylides.

A novel and convenient approach that combines high-throughput experimentation (HTE) with machine learning (ML) technologies to achieve the first selective cross-dimerization of sulfoxonium ylides via iridium catalysis is presented. A variety of valuable amide-, ketone-, ester-, and N-heterocycle-substituted unsymmetrical E-alkenes are synthesized in good yields with high stereoselectivities. This mild method avoids the use of diazo compounds and is characterized by simple operation, high step-economy, and excellent chemoselectivity and functional group compatibility.

Renal Outcomes in Older Adults with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibody-Associated Vasculitis: A New Prediction Model.

Introduction: Older patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) commonly experience renal impairment and poor prognoses. This study aimed to establish a risk-scoring system for predicting composite renal outcomes in older patients with AAV.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included all patients with AAV hospitalized in a single-center tertiary hospital in China between January 2013 and April 2022.

7-Guanidinyl Coumarins: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties, and Application to Exploit the Pd-Catalyzed Release of Guanidines.

Molecular manipulation of guanidino-containing biomolecules in a cellular environment is fundamental to exploiting protein function and drug release, but currently, there is a lack of suitable methods for reaction screening and monitoring. To exploit the potential of the fluorescent method in this respect, herein, we evaluated a novel array of 7-guanidinyl coumarins by incorporating different substituted guanidino moieties into a coumarin scaffold. These compounds were prepared by guanidinylation reagent -methylisothiourea or TFA-protected pyrazole-carboxamidine.

Clinical characteristics and primary outcomes of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis and central diabetes insipidus.

Introduction: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is characterized by systemic small-vessel vasculitis and may rarely present as central diabetes insipidus (CDI). In this study, we aimed to determine the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with AAV-associated CDI.

Methods: This was a nested case-control study where AAV patients with CDI at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital were followed from January 2012 to April 2022.

Boron-Assisted Selective Citrulline Modification under Mild Conditions.

Protein citrullination is one type of protein post-translational modification. Previous methods entail the use of a strongly acidic condition (pH <1), which impedes its exploration under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we developed a biocompatible method based on -boron-assisted citrulline modification.

Interstitial nephritis without glomerulonephritis in ANCA-associated vasculitis: a case series and literature review.

The typical nephrological presentation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. AAV-associated interstitial nephritis without apparent glomerular lesions was rare. We reported three local cases of AAV-associated interstitial nephritis without glomerulonephritis confirmed by renal biopsy.

Regioselective Access to 2-Iminoimidazolidines via AgF-Mediated Cascade Reactions.

A convergent access to substituted 2-iminoimidazolidines from aromatic amines and -propargyl -methylthiourea is developed via Ag(I)-mediated cascade guanylation-cyclization reactions. This method features high regioselectivity, excellent efficiency, and mild reaction conditions. Subsequent deprotection of the Boc (-butyloxycarbonyl) group under acidic conditions provides expedient access to aryl 2-aminoimidazole derivatives in a convenient manner.

Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) may coexist with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it is unclear whether the manifestations of AAV with and without coexisting RA are similar. This observational study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological manifestations of AAV with coexisting RA and to explore potential predictors for identifying AAV superimposed on RA.

Ag(I)-Catalyzed rapid access to 2-amino-4-methylenethiazolines with potential applications in bioconjugation chemistry.

An Ag(i)-catalyzed tandem addition-cyclization of isothiocyanate and propargylamine was successfully applied to the synthesis of 2-amino-4-methylenethiazolines. This route features an unprecedented fast reaction rate with full conversion reached within 10 min at room temperature for aromatic isothiocyanates and excellent chemoselectivity for exocyclic products. The application of this strategy is further highlighted by the accelerated bioconjugation of propargylamine with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) under Ag(i)-catalysis.

Serum TNF- Level Is Associated with Disease Severity in Adult Patients with Immunoglobulin A Vasculitis Nephritis.

Background: Tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) is a proinflammatory factor involved in the pathogenesis of immunoglobulin A vasculitis (IgAV). The association between serum TNF- and disease severity in adult patients with IgAV nephritis (IgAV-N) has been inadequately evaluated.

Methods: Serum TNF- was measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay in 53 renal biopsy-proved IgAV-N patients, 53 healthy controls, and 53 IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients.

Aldol sensor-inspired fluorescent probes for measuring protein citrullination.

Protein citrullination is an important posttranslational modification on an arginine residue. However, high quality fluorescent probes for measuring the citrullination level and capturing citrullinated proteins are quite limited. Inspired by the similarity between acid-promoted citrulline-labeling reaction and aldol reaction, here we present "turn-on" and "turn-off" fluorescent probes for measuring citrulline levels based on the scaffold of aldol sensors.

Dehydration-associated chronic kidney disease: a novel case of kidney failure in China.

Background: Mesoamerican nephropathy (MeN) is a pattern of chronic kidney disease (CKD) prevalent among Central American men who work in agriculture, and its underlying cause has not been elucidated. Currently, experts hypothesize that MeN is related to repeated episodes of occupational heat stress leading to water loss and hence it is also called dehydration-associated CKD.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 40-year-old man, whose first admission to Peking Union Medical College Hospital was due to acute kidney injury (AKI).

[Comparative study of percutaneous bridging plate and retrograde suprapubic intramedullary screw fixation for anterior pelvic ring fracture].

Objective: To compare the effect of percutaneous bridging plate and retrograde suprapubic intramedullary screw in the treatment of anterior ring fracture of pelvis.

Methods: From January 2013 to June 2017, 40 patients with unstable pelvic fractures involving anterior ring were analyzed retrospectively. According to the fixation method, they were divided into two groups, there were 20 patients in percutaneous bridging plate group (plate group) including 9 males and 11 females; according to tile classification, fractures were classified as type B1 in 1 case, type B2 in 14, type B3 in 2, type C1 in 2 and type C2 in 1.

Serum Soluble CD89-IgA Complexes Are Elevated in IgA Nephropathy without Immunosuppressant History.

Purpose: CD89 (FcRI), the receptor of IgA, can shed from cells to form complexes with IgA in serum and is supposed to participate in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). There are contradictory results on their utility in clinical practice. This study is aimed at investigating whether sCD89-IgA complexes can help in the diagnosis or evaluation of the disease.

Underlying IgM heavy chain amyloidosis in treatment-refractory IgA nephropathy: A case report.

Background: Monoclonal immunoglobulin can cause renal damage, with a wide spectrum of pathological changes and clinical manifestations without hematological evidence of malignancy. These disorders can be missed, especially when combined with other kidney diseases.

Case Summary: A 61-year-old woman presented with moderate proteinuria with normal renal function.

Pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of ACT001 in Sprague-Dawley rats and metabolism of ACT001.

This study investigated pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of ACT001 in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stability study and metabolism study of ACT001 are conducted. The absolute bioavailability of ACT001 is 50.

The effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on falls in older adults : A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: A number of studies have hypothesized that vitamin D is a potential factor in the prevention of falls in the elderly; however, the effect of vitamin D is still inconsistent and not quantitative. We conducted this meta-analysis to assess the effect of vitamin D on falls among elderly individuals.

Methods: The PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were searched from the earliest possible year up to December 2016.