A Randomized, Comparative Trial of a Potassium-Competitive Acid Blocker (X842) and Lansoprazole for the Treatment of Patients with Erosive Esophagitis.

Introduction: X842 is a new type of gastric acid-suppressing agent with a rapid onset of action and a long duration of effect. We aim to investigate the efficacy and safety of different doses of X842 versus lansoprazole in the treatment of patients with erosive esophagitis (EE).

Methods: This phase 2 study included 90 patients with EE (Los Angeles grades A-D) who were randomized (1:1:1) to receive oral low-dose X842 (50 mg/day, n=31), high-dose X842 (100 mg/day, n=31), or lansoprazole (30 mg/day, n=30) for 4 weeks.

Exploring the link of personality traits and tutors' instruction on critical thinking disposition: a cross-sectional study among Chinese medical graduate students.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the associations between critical thinking (CT) disposition and personal characteristics and tutors' guidance among medical graduate students, which may provide a theoretical basis for cultivating CT.

Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted.

Setting: This study was conducted in Sichuan and Chongqing from November to December 2021.

Exploring the use of ChatGPT-4o in enhancing career development counseling for medical students: a study protocol.

Background: The advent of pre-trained generative transformers, exemplified by ChatGPT, has significantly impacted medical education, catalysing a wealth of research focused on enhancing educational methodologies. Despite this, the application of ChatGPT in the specific area of career planning for medical students remains relatively unexplored. This study seeks to rigorously evaluate the potential of ChatGPT-4o in facilitating the career planning of medical students, comparing its effectiveness with that of traditional human educators.

Effects of (L.) and its combination with irbesartan in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy via the gut-kidney axis.

Background: Clinical observations have recently shown that (L.) in the form of Huangkui capsule (HKC) and in combination with irbesartan (EB) is an effective therapy for diabetic nephropathy (DN) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present study aims to explore the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacies of HKC and its combination with EB in DN via the gut-kidney axis.

Chirality and Local Electron Density of States in a Two-Dimensional Molecular Crystal Self-Assembled by Prochiral Radical Molecules.

Creating and unveiling chiral systems is important to the development of new materials and devices. In this study, after depositing prochiral radical molecule 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl pyrroline-1-oxyl (CTPO) on a Au(111) substrate, 2D molecular crystals with two chiralities of CTPO molecules have been discovered. A single CTPO molecule is an achiral molecule in three-dimensional space, and it can form chiral configurations after adsorbing on the substrate.

Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms of cytokines and hepatitis B virus-related liver cirrhosis: A case-control study.

Background And Aims: Various inflammatory and immune cytokines play key roles in the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver cirrhosis (LC). This study explored the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokines with the combined effect of polymorphisms and gender-polymorphisms interaction and LC risk.

Methods: In this study, a case-control design was used, samples were selected from 45 patients with hepatitis B-related cirrhosis and 45 age-gender-matched chronic HBV-infected patients without cirrhosis attending the tumor hospital of Wuwei Academy of Medical Sciences.

Electrochemical promoted three-component reaction to unsymmetric thiosulfonates.

Compounds comprising S-S bonds serve as significant pharmacological scaffolds in medicinal chemistry and natural products. We have devised an efficient electrochemical method for the construction of asymmetric disulfide bonds, leading to the synthesis of unsymmetric thiosulfonates. Compared with existing synthesis methods, our work not only avoids the use of metals and oxidants, but also realizes the operation of a one-pot three-component method, which makes this strategy extremely attractive.

Long-term efficacy of lobectomy for stage T1 papillary thyroid carcinoma with varying degrees of lymph node metastasis.

Background: The presence of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is frequently observed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and most clinical guidelines recommend total thyroidectomy. However, the impact of LNM on specific types of locoregional recurrence remains uncertain, particularly for stage T1 PTC.

Methods: The present retrospective cohort study enrolled patients diagnosed with stage T1 PTC between 2008 and 2015.

Photoinduced Decarboxylative Thioacylation of N-Hydroxyphthalimide Esters with Tetraalkylthiuram Disulfides.

Dithiocarbamate is a key structural sequence in pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals, and its synthesis is crucial in organic chemistry. Although significant progress has been made in related synthesis research, developing a practical and universal synthesis method remains fascinating. Herein, we report a new visible-light-induced decarboxylation coupling reaction between N-hydroxyphthalimide esters and tetraalkylthiuram disulfides, which uses Ir(ppy) as a photocatalyst to promote the generation of corresponding decarboxylation thioacylation product-dithiocarbamates in high yields.

Cerebral Endothelial CXCR2 Promotes Neutrophil Transmigration into Central Nervous System in LPS-Induced Septic Encephalopathy.

Septic encephalopathy (SE) represents a severe inflammatory syndrome linked to elevated septic mortality rates, lacking specific therapeutic interventions, and often resulting in enduring neurological sequelae. The present investigation endeavors to elucidate the involvement of C-X-C Motif Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) in the pathogenesis of SE and to explore the potential of CXCR2 modulation as a therapeutic avenue for SE. Employing a murine SE model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, CXCR2 knockout mice and the CXCR2 inhibitor SB225002 were utilized to assess neutrophil recruitment, endothelial integrity, and transendothelial migration.

Large negative differential conductance and its transformation in a single radical molecule.

The discovery of negative differential conductance (NDC) in a single molecule and mechanism controlling this phenomenon are important for molecular electronics. We investigated the electronic properties of a typical radical molecule 3-carbamoyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-pyrrolin-1-yloxy (CTPO) on an Au(111) surface using low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. Large NDC was observed in single CTPO molecules at the boundary of the crystal monolayer.

Electrochemical synthesis of β-difluoromethylamide compounds by -benzenesulfonylacrylamide with difluorine reagents.

A mild and efficient electrochemical method for radical addition, cyclization, and migration reaction was described in this work. A difluoromethyl radical was produced by anodizing CFHSONa. The resulting product was then added to olefin, underwent Smiles cyclization, and migrated to form β-difluoromethamide compounds after the release of SO.

A single-cell profile reveals the transcriptional regulation responded for Abelmoschus manihot (L.) treatment in diabetic kidney disease.

Background: Huangkui capsule (HKC), as an ethanol extract of Abelmoschus manihot (L.), has a significant efficacy in treatment of the patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The bioactive ingredients of HKC mainly include the flavonoids such as rutin, hyperoside, hibifolin, isoquercetin, myricetin, quercetin and quercetin-3-O-robinobioside.

Physical fitness decline and career paths: a longitudinal study of medical undergraduates.

Introduction: Exercise enhances one's health and competitiveness. A strong physical fitness status can pave the way for a promising future. This study presents the time-based trends in physical fitness indicators-including height, weight, BMI, lung capacity, dash, long-distance running, and standing long jump-among medical undergraduates during their university years.

Identification of the main flavonoids of (L.) medik and their metabolites in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Huangkui capsule (HKC) is made from the ethanol extract of (L.) Medik [Malvaceae; abelmoschi corolla] and received approval from the China Food and Drug Administration (Z19990040) in 1999. Currently, HKC is used for treatment of the patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in China.

The efficacy and safety of fexuprazan in treating erosive esophagitis: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study.

Background And Aim: Fexuprazan is a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB). This study aimed to explore the noninferior efficacy and safety of fexuprazan to esomeprazole in treating erosive esophagitis (EE).

Methods: This was a phase III, randomized, double-blind multicenter study.

Electrochemically Promoted Three-Component Reaction to -Sulfonyl Amidines.

In this study, a multicomponent reaction via the Mannich intermediate was developed using methanol, secondary amine, and sulfonamide as starting materials. This method uses methanol as a green C1 source. The substrate scope is wide, and the yield is good.

Copper-Metallized Porous N-Heterocyclic Carbene Ligand Polymer-Catalyzed Regio- and Stereoselective 1,2-Carboboration of Alkynes.

Alkenylboronates are highly versatile building blocks and valuable reagents in the synthesis of complex molecules. Compared with that of monosubstituted alkenylboronates, the synthesis of multisubstituted alkenylboronates is challenging. The copper-catalyzed carboboration of alkynes is an operationally simple and straightforward method for synthesizing bis/trisubstituted alkenylboronates.

Single-Atom Manganese-Catalyzed Oxygen Evolution Drives the Electrochemical Oxidation of Silane to Silanol.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER), characterized by a four-electron transfer kinetic process, represents a significant bottleneck in improving the efficiency of hydrogen production from water electrolysis. Consequently, extensive research efforts have been directed towards identifying single-atom electrocatalysts with exceptional OER performance. Despite the comprehensive understanding of the OER mechanism, its application to other valuable synthetic reactions has been limited.

Cytokine profiles and virological markers highlight distinctive immune statuses, and effectivenesses and limitations of NAs across different courses of chronic HBV infection.

Purpose: The characteristics of cytokine/chemokine(CK) profiles across different courses of chronic hepatitis B virus infection and the effects of NAs antiviral therapy on cytokine profiles remain unclear.

Methods: This report provides evidence from 383 patients with chronic HBV infection. The Luminex multiple cytokine detection technology was used to detect CK profiles.