Spatial transcriptome profiling identifies DTX3L and BST2 as key biomarkers in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tumorigenesis.

Background: Understanding the stepwise progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is crucial for developing customized strategies for early detection and optimal clinical management. Herein, we aimed to unravel the transcriptional and immunologic alterations occurring during malignant transformation and identify clinically significant biomarkers of ESCC.

Methods: Digital spatial profiling (DSP) was performed on 11 patients with early-stage ESCC (pT1) to explore the transcriptional alterations in epithelial, immune cell, and non-immune cell stromal compartments across regions of distinct histology, including normal tissues, low- and high-grade dysplasia, and cancerous tissues.

Development of an RNA virus vector for non-transgenic genome editing in tobacco and generation of mutants with reduced nicotine content.

Unlabelled: Tobacco () plants synthesize the psychoactive pyridine alkaloid nicotine, which has sparked growing interest in reducing nicotine levels through genome editing aiming at inactivating key biosynthetic genes. Although stable transformation-mediated genome editing is effective in tobacco, its polyploid nature complicates the complete knockout of genes and the segregation of transgenes from edited plants. In this study, we developed a non-transgenic genome editing method in tobacco by delivering the CRISPR/Cas machinery via an engineered negative-strand RNA rhabdovirus vector, followed by the regeneration of mutant plants through tissue culture.

MAZ regulates ferroptosis, apoptosis and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells.

Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) respond rapidly to demyelination injury. However, the rescuing effects may be hindered by cell death of OPCs, leading to incomplete remyelination. This study aimed to explore the expression of MYC-associated zinc finger protein (MAZ) in demyelinated mice and the effects of MAZ on cell death form and differentiation of OPCs.

Theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TF3) attenuated constipation by promoting gastrointestinal motility and modulating the gut microbiota: A comparative study of TF3 and the anti-constipation drug mosapride in mice.

TF3 is a functional pigment formed during the process of black tea. This study aims to explore the anti-constipation effects of TF3 and compare its efficacy with the anti-constipation drug mosapride. Result showed that both TF3 and mosapride increased fecal water content and promoted gastrointestinal (GI) motility, but TF3 was more effective in restoring excitatory neurotransmitters like gastrin (Gas), motilin (MTL), and substance P (SP).

Unravelling Species-Specific Loading Effects on Oxygen Reduction Activity of Heteronuclear Single Atom Catalysts.

Toward high-density single atom catalysts (SACs), the interaction between neighboring SACs and the induced non-linear loading effect become crucial for their intrinsic catalytic performance. Despite recent investigations on homonuclear SACs, understanding such effect in heteronuclear SACs remains limited. Using Fe and Co SACs co-supported on the nitrogen-doped graphene as a model system, the loading effect on the site-specific activity of heteronuclear SACs toward oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is here reported by density functional theory calculations.

Polar Molecule Intercalation to Weaken P─S Bonding in MnPS Toward Ultrahigh-Capacity Sodium Storage.

Layered transition metal trithiophosphates (TMPS, TM = Mn, Fe, Co, etc.) with high theoretical capacity (>1 300 mAh g) are potential anode materials for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). However, the strong bonding between P dimers and S atoms in TMPS hinders the efficient alloying reaction between P dimers and Na, resulting in practical capacities much lower than theoretical values.

Social support, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and self-management behaviors among people living with HIV/AIDS in China: a structural equation modeling analysis.

Background: Understanding the psychosocial factors influencing self-management behaviors among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is crucial for effective medical interventions and improving their quality of life. However, few studies have explored the psychosocial mechanisms influencing self-management behaviors among PLWHA in China. This study, conducted in accordance with STROBE guidelines, uses SEM to explore the roles of social support, self-efficacy, and self-esteem in predicting self-management behaviors among Chinese PLWHA.

Inclusive leadership, self-efficacy, organization-based self-esteem, and intensive care nurses' job performance: A cross-sectional study using structural equation modeling.

Background: The job performance of intensive care nurses is critical to the treatment and recovery of critically ill patients. Inclusive leadership, self-efficacy and organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) are important psychosocial factors affecting job performance. However, few studies have explored the relationships among these factors in critical care nurses.

Simple Sequence Repeat Marker-Based Genetic Diversity and Chemical Composition Analysis of Ancient in Jiulong County, Sichuan Province, China.

Background/objectives: The ancient tea plant germplasm resources are rich in genetic diversity and provide an important basis for the genetic diversity in tea germplasm resources. To explore the genetic diversity of ancient tea plant germplasm resources in Jiulong County, Sichuan Province.

Methods: 59 ancient tea tree germplasm resources were analyzed using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers and chemical composition analysis.

Effectiveness of nurse-led self-care interventions on quality of life, social support, depression and anxiety among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: People living with HIV often face challenges related to quality of life, mental health, and social support. Nurse-led self-care interventions have been proposed as a means to address these issues, but their overall effectiveness needs systematic evaluation.

Objectives: To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of nurse-led self-care interventions on quality of life, social support, depression, and anxiety among people living with HIV.

The effect of inclusive leadership on turnover intention of intensive care unit nurses: the mediating role of organization-based self-esteem and interactional justice.

Background: Intensive Care Unit nurses are related to the medical quality and life outcome of critically ill patients. In the context of nurse shortage, it is of great significance to reduce the turnover intention of Intensive Care Unit nurses. Inclusive Leadership, organizational-based self-esteem and Interactional Justice are important factors affecting the turnover intention of Intensive Care Unit nurses.

The effect of calcium on the removal of Cd in the formation of biogenic secondary iron minerals.

Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal found in acid mine drainage. It hinders plant and animal growth and accumulates in human organs. In this study, through shake flask experiments, an iron-rich, sulphate-rich environment was simulated, and Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans was used to mediate the formation of secondary high-iron minerals to explore the effect of calcium ions on the removal of Cd from that environment.

Preparation and properties of PCL coaxial electrospinning films with shell loaded with CEO and core coated LEO nanoemulsions.

During storage and transportation, the reduction of microbial contamination and management of the exudation of fluids from the fish can effectively mitigate spoilage and degradation of fish fillets. In this work, the coaxial electrospinning films loaded with natural plant preservatives, namely laurel essential oil (LEO) and clove essential oil (CEO), were prepared by the coaxial electrospinning method synergistic with nanoemulsion techniques, and the hydrophilic preservation pads were prepared. The morphology of the film fiber is clear, without beads or damage, with fiber diameters falling within the 230-260 nm range.

Day-Night imaging without Infrared Cutfilter removal based on metal-gradient perovskite single crystal photodetector.

Day-Night imaging technology that obtains full-color and infrared images has great market demands for security monitoring and autonomous driving. The current mainstream solution relies on wide-spectrum silicon photodetectors combined with Infrared Cutfilter Removal, which increases complexity and failure rate. Here, we address these challenges by employing a perovskite photodetector based on Pb-Sn alloyed single crystal with a vertical bandgap-graded structure that presents variable-spectrum responses at different biases and extends the infrared detection range close to 1100 nm.

Super-Elastic and Temperature-Tolerant Hydrogel Electrodes for Supercapacitors via MXene Enhanced Ice-Templating Synthesis.

Developing flexible energy storage devices with good deformation resistance under extreme operating conditions is highly desirable yet remains very challenging. Super-elastic MXene-enhanced polyvinyl alcohol/polyaniline (AMPH) hydrogel electrodes are designed and synthesized through vertical gradient ice templating-induced polymerization. This approach allows for the unidirectional growth of polyaniline (PANI) and 2D MXene layers along the elongated arrayed ice crystals in a controlled manner.

Preliminary Evaluation of the Safety and Immunogenicity of a Novel Protein-Based Pneumococcal Vaccine in Healthy Adults Aged 18-49: A Phase Ia Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study.

: Protein-based pneumococcal vaccines (PBPVs) may offer expanded protection against and tackle the antimicrobial resistance crisis in pneumococcal infections. This study examined the safety and immunogenicity in healthy adults vaccinated with three doses of a protein-based pneumococcal vaccine containing pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) (PRX1, P3296 and P5668) and in combination with a recombinant detoxified pneumolysin protein (PlyLD). : This phase Ia randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical study enrolled healthy adults aged 18-49 years.

Schnurri-3 inhibition rescues skeletal fragility and vascular skeletal stem cell niche pathology in the OIM model of osteogenesis imperfecta.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a disorder of low bone mass and increased fracture risk due to a range of genetic variants that prominently include mutations in genes encoding type I collagen. While it is well known that OI reflects defects in the activity of bone-forming osteoblasts, it is currently unclear whether OI also reflects defects in the many other cell types comprising bone, including defects in skeletal vascular endothelium or the skeletal stem cell populations that give rise to osteoblasts and whether correcting these broader defects could have therapeutic utility. Here, we find that numbers of skeletal stem cells (SSCs) and skeletal arterial endothelial cells (AECs) are augmented in Col1a2 mice, a well-studied animal model of moderate to severe OI, suggesting that disruption of a vascular SSC niche is a feature of OI pathogenesis.

A P450 superfamily member NtCYP82C4 promotes nicotine biosynthesis in Nicotiana tabacum.

In plants, cytochrome P450s are monooxygenase that play key roles in the synthesis and degradation of intracellular substances. In tobacco, the majority of studies examining the P450 superfamily have concentrated on the CYP82E subfamily, where multiple family members function as demethylases, facilitating the synthesis of nornicotine. In this study, NtCYP82C4, a tobacco P450 superfamily member, was identified from a gene-edited tobacco mutant that nicotine biosynthesis in tobacco leaves is evidently reduced.

The Impact of Stigma on Self-Management Behavior Among People with HIV in China: The Role of Social Support and Self-Esteem.

Understanding the psychosocial factors influencing self-management behaviors among people with HIV (PWH) is crucial for effective medical interventions and improving their quality of life. However, there has been limited research exploring the psychosocial mechanisms influencing self-management behaviors among PWH in China. Our study examined the relationship between stigma, social support, self-esteem, and self-management behaviors among PWH, as well as whether social support and self-esteem mediate these relationships.

Asymmetric Hydrogel Electrolyte Featuring a Customized Anode and Cathode Interfacial Chemistry for Advanced Zn-I Batteries.

An integrated asymmetric hydrogel electrolyte with a tailored composition and chemical structure on the cathode/anode-electrolyte interface is designed to boost the cost-effective, high-energy Zn-I battery. Such a configuration concurrently addresses the parasitic reactions on the Zn anode side and the polyiodide shuttle issue afflicting the cathode. Specifically, the Zn-cross-linked sodium alginate and carrageenan dual network (Carra-Zn-Alg) is adopted to guide the Zn transport, achieving a dendrite-free morphology on the Zn surface and ensuring long-term stability.

Identification of shared immune infiltration characteristic molecules in dermatomyositis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma using bioinformatics: Traits in dermatomyositis and nasopharyngeal cancer.

Background: Dermatomyositis (DM) is a kind of dermatologically associated autoimmune disease that is notably associated with an increased risk of concurrent malignancies, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the immunological parallels between DM and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), with the aim of identifying pivotal biomarkers that could facilitate a deeper understanding and enhance the predictive capabilities of NPC in DM patients.

Method: Data for DM and NPC were sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database.

Anatomical-related factors and outcome of percutaneous short-term spinal cord stimulation electrode shift in patients with disorders of consciousness: a retrospective study.

Background: Disorders of consciousness (DoC) represent a spectrum of neurological conditions that pose significant treatment challenges. Percutaneous short-term spinal cord stimulation (SCS) has emerged as a promising experimental diagnostic treatment to assess and potentially improve consciousness levels. However, the effectiveness of this intervention is frequently compromised by the shift of electrodes, particularly in the cervical region, which can negatively affect therapeutic outcomes.

Activation of lncRNA DANCR by H3K27 acetylation regulates proliferation of colorectal cancer cells.

The long noncoding DANCR functions as a tumor oncogene in many cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular mechanism of DANCR in CRC has not been explored. This study probed the function and potential mechanism by which DANCR contributes to the progression of CRC.

GC-MS Combined with Proteomic Analysis of Volatile Compounds and Formation Mechanisms in Green Teas with Different Aroma Types.

Aroma is one of the key factors for evaluating the quality of green tea. A tender aroma (NX) and floral-like aroma (HX) are two types of high-quality aroma of green tea. In this work, the different aroma types of baked green tea were classified by sensory evaluation.