Insights into the Roles of Different Iron Species on Zeolites for NO Selective Catalytic Reduction by CO.

Iron zeolites are promising candidates for mitigating nitrous oxide (NO), a potent greenhouse gas and contributor to stratospheric ozone destruction. However, the atomic-level mechanisms by which different iron species, including isolated sites, clusters, and particles, participate in NO decomposition in the presence of CO still remain poorly understood, which hinders the application of the reaction in practical technology. Herein, through experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we identified that isolated iron sites were active for NO activation to generate adsorbed O* species, which readily reacted with CO following the Eley-Rideal (E-R) mechanism.

A core-shell structured crystalline@amorphous MnO with enhanced plasma catalytic degradation performance for volatile organic sulfur compounds and degradation mechanism exploration.

A crystalline@amorphous MnO (HT@RT) plasma catalyst was successfully constructed in this study to address the problem of odor pollution, especially from volatile organic sulfur compounds (VOSCs) with low olfactory thresholds. Complete conversion of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) at 140 J/L was achieved, and the ozone concentration in the exhaust gas was maintained below 5 ppm. Deeper mineralization of DMS was achieved in the HT@RT sample than in the individual HT and RT samples.

Enhanced Removal Performance and Economical Efficiency of Volatile Organic Sulfur Compounds by Silver-Modified ZSM-5 Zeolites under a High-Humidity Environment: A Mechanistic Study of the Adsorption-Plasma Catalytic Process.

Dimethyl sulfide (DMS) is a harmful volatile organic sulfur compound (VOSC), which must be effectively controlled. The adsorption-plasma catalytic (APC) process is an efficient and economical route for the elimination of low-concentration VOSCs; however, there are still many challenges in humid environment. In this study, a series of zeolites with different Si/Al ratios and Ag loadings were designed, and were performed for DMS removal by APC process.

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is associated with pathogenesis of peptic ulcer diseases through inflammatory proteins: A Mendelian randomization study.

The gut microbiota and inflammatory proteins may affect the development of peptic ulcer disease. However, this association remains unclear. We analyzed genome-wide association study data of gut microbiota, inflammatory proteins, and peptic ulcer disease using Mendelian randomization with instrumental variables to assess causal relationships.

Chemical structures, biological activities, and biosynthetic analysis of secondary metabolites of the Diatrypaceae family: A comprehensive review.

The family Diatrypaceae is a less well-known group within the order Xylariales (Ascomycota). Initially, the focus on its metabolites was related to the pathogenicity of one of its members, . To date, a total of 254 natural products have been identified from Diatrypaceae strains.

Progress and challenges in nitrous oxide decomposition and valorization.

Nitrous oxide (NO) decomposition is increasingly acknowledged as a viable strategy for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and addressing ozone depletion, aligning significantly with the UN's sustainable development goals (SDGs) and carbon neutrality objectives. To enhance efficiency in treatment and explore potential valorization, recent developments have introduced novel NO reduction catalysts and pathways. Despite these advancements, a comprehensive and comparative review is absent.

Cytotoxic xanthanolide sesquiterpenes from the fruits of Xanthium italicum Moretti.

One previously undescribed xanthanolide sesquiterpene dimer pungiolide P (1), possessing an unprecedented scaffold with a 5/7/5/7/5 ring system skeleton and its intermediate pungiolide Q (2), ten xanthanolide sesquiterpenes (3-12), two eudesmene sesquiterpene derivatives (13-14), one phenylpropionic acid derivative (15), together with eleven known compounds (16-26) were obtained from the fruits of Xanthium italicum Moretti. A possible biosynthetic pathway for pungiolide P (1) was also proposed, which was supported by its bio-synthetic intermediate (2). Compounds 1, 4-5, 18-21, and 25 exhibited cytotoxic activity against a variety of human cancer cell lines.

IrSn Bimetallic Clusters Confined in MFI Zeolites for CO Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO in the Presence of Excess O.

We developed a simple strategy for preparing IrSn bimetallic clusters encapsulated in pure silicon zeolites via a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis by using diethylamine as a stabilizing agent. A series of investigations verified that metal species have been confined successfully in the inner of MFI zeolites. IrSn bimetallic cluster catalysts were efficient for the CO selective catalytic reduction of NO in the presence of excess O.

Stellate Ganglion Block Therapy for Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Sympathetic ganglion block (SGB) technique is becoming increasingly prevalent in the treatment of complex regional pain syndromes (CRPS). Given the varied reported effectiveness of these techniques and the heterogeneity of treatment regimens, there is an urgent need for consistent and high-quality evidence on the efficacy and safety of such procedures.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of SGB therapy for CRPS-related pain.

Simultaneous removal of ammonia and sulfur odorants in biotrickling filters and NO production.

Research on the stability evaluation of biotrickling filters (BTFs) under harsh conditions and the bacterial adaptation process still needs to be improved. Herein, BTFs with polypropylene plastic (PP) and ceramic raschig rings (CRR) were investigated for a better understanding of the biodegradation of ammonia (NH), hydrogen sulfide (HS), and dimethyl sulfide (DMS). The results showed an excellent performance in removal efficiency (RE) for NH (91.

Musashi orchestrates melanism in Laodelphax striatellus.

In insects, melanism, a fundamental pigmentation process, is of significant importance in evolutionary biology due to its complex genetic foundation. We investigated the role of the RNA-binding gene Musashi (msi) in melanism in Laodelphax striatellus, a Hemiptera species. We identified a single L.

Ag/AgBr-oxygen enriched g-CN for efficient photocatalytic degradation of trimethylamine.

In this study, Ag/AgBr-O-gCN samples with ternary Z-type heterojunctions were prepared by photoreduction using water as the reducing agent for generating Ag/AgBr active species and oxygen doping. The experimental results indicated that Ag/AgBr-O-gCN degraded trimethylamine by nearly 100% in half an hour and maintained 90% of its original activity after five cycles. The kinetic constant of Ag/AgBr-O-gCN was excellent at 0.

Identification and Functional Analysis of the Gene in a Hemimetabolous Insect, .

The () gene functions as a crucial "tuner" in male insect courtship behavior through distinct expression patterns. In , our previous research showed () influencing male courtship songs, causing mating failures with virgin females. However, the impact of on mating remains unexplored.

High-Efficiency Electrocatalytic Reduction of NO with Single-Atom Cu Supported on Nitrogen-Doped Carbon.

Nitrous oxide (NO) is a potent greenhouse gas with a high global warming potential, emphasizing the critical need to develop efficient elimination methods. Electrocatalytic NO reduction reaction (NORR) stands out as a promising approach, offering room temperature conversion of NO to N without the production of NO byproducts. In this study, we present the synthesis of a copper-based single-atom catalyst featuring atomic Cu on nitrogen-doped carbon black (Cu-NCB).

Minor Hydroxylated Triterpenoids Produced in Engineered Yeast by the Enzymes OSC and CYP716s from the Plant and Their Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Activities.

Triterpenoids are a type of specialized metabolites that exhibit a wide range of biological activities. However, the availability of some minor triterpenoids in nature is limited, which has hindered our understanding of their pharmacological potential. To overcome this limitation, heterologous biosynthesis of triterpenoids in yeast has emerged as a promising and time-efficient production platform for obtaining these minor compounds.

Tailoring Iridium Valence States on ZSM-5 for Enhanced Catalytic Performance in CO Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO under Oxygen-Enriched Environments.

Barium and iridium supported on Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (ZSM-5) are efficient catalysts for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by carbon monoxide (CO-SCR), with enhanced cyclic stability. The introduction of Ba hindered the oxidation of metallic Ir active species and enabled Ir to maintain an active metallic state, thereby preventing a decrease in catalytic activity in the CO-SCR reaction. Moreover, the Ba modification increased the NO adsorption of the catalyst, further improving the catalytic activity.

Development of Injectable Thermosensitive Nanocomposite Hydrogel for Ratiometric Drug Delivery to Treat Drug Resistant Chondrosarcoma In Vivo.

Chondrosarcoma(CS), a prevalent primary malignant bone tumor, frequently exhibits chemotherapy resistance attributed to upregulated anti-apoptosis pathways such as the Bcl-2 family. In this manuscript, a new strategy is presented to augment chemosensitivity and mitigate systemic toxicity by harnessing a nano-enabled drug delivery hydrogel platform. The platform utilizes "PLGA-PEG-PLGA", an amphiphilic triblock copolymer combining hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) and hydrophobic polylactide glycolide (PLGA) blocks, renowned for its properties conducive to crafting a biodegradable, temperature-sensitive hydrogel.

Characterization and Engineering of Two Highly Paralogous Sesquiterpene Synthases Reveal a Regioselective Reprotonation Switch.

Sesquiterpene synthases (STPSs) catalyze carbocation-driven cyclization reactions that can generate structurally diverse hydrocarbons. The deprotonation-reprotonation process is widely used in STPSs to promote structural diversity, largely attributable to the distinct regio/stereoselective reprotonations. However, the molecular basis for reprotonation regioselectivity remains largely understudied.

Tumor markers for lipid metabolism-related genes: Based on small cell lung cancer and bronchial asthma dual analysis.

Numerous studies have elucidated the intricate relationship between bronchial asthma and small cell lung cancer (SCLC), as well as the role lipid metabolism genes play in transitioning from bronchial asthma to SCLC. Despite this, the predictive power of single gene biomarkers remains insufficient and necessitates the development of more accurate prognostic models. In our study, we downloaded and preprocessed scRNA-seq of SCLC from the GEO database GSE164404 and severe asthma scRNA-seq from GSE145013 using the Seurat package.

Alleviating effect of Nexrutine on mucosal inflammation in mice with ulcerative colitis: Involvement of the RELA suppression.

Background: Nexrutine is an herbal extract derived from Phellodendron amurense, known for its anti-inflammatory, antidiarrheal, and hemostatic properties. However, its effect on ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear.

Methods: A mouse model of UC was induced by 3% dextran sulfate sodium, while human colonic epithelial cells NCM-460 were exposed to lipopolysaccharide.

Cadinane sesquiterpenes from the stems and branches of .

Three new cadinane sesquiterpenes (-) and three known sesquiterpenes were isolated from the stems and branches of A. C. Smith.

Simultaneous determination of four phytoecdysteroids by LC-MS/MS: application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study in normal and adjuvant arthritis rats after oral administration of Kuan phytoecdysteroids extract.

Kuan is the dry root of Kuan. Clinically, it is used for fall and flutter injury, rheumatism and arthralgia. Phytoecdysteroids have significant anti-inflammatory effects, and the phytoecdysteroids present in Kuan exhibit potential for treating rheumatoid arthritis.

The Roles of () in the Sex Determination and Fertility of , a Hemimetabolous Agricultural Pest.

In most holometabolous insects, () is an auxiliary gene required for sex determination, exerting a crucial role in regulating sexual differentiation; however, the study of in hemimetabolous insects remains very sparse and limited to just a few species. In this study, we investigated the sequence and expression profile of the gene in the bean bug, , an agricultural pest belonging to the Heteroptera order. Three non-sex-specific splicing isoforms of were found, , , and , which shared most exons and exhibited similar expression throughout all stages of development, with particularly elevated levels in the embryo, ovary, and testis.

Identification and functional analysis of the female determiner gene in the bean bug, Riptortus pedestris.

Background: Homing-based gene drives targeting sex-specific lethal genes have been used for genetic control. Additionally, understanding insect sex determination provides new targets for managing insect pests. While sex determination mechanisms in holometabolous insects have been thoroughly studied and employed in pest control, the study of the sex determination pathway in hemimetabolous insects is limited to only a few species.

Alkali metal doped crystalline g-CN with an enriched cyano group for visible-light photocatalytic degradation of methylamine.

In this study, alkali-metal-doped crystalline g-CN with an enriched cyano group was synthesized using the molten salt method and used for the visible-light photocatalytic degradation of methylamine (MA), a common organic amine compound with a low odor threshold. Different types and proportions of melting salts (Li, K, and Na) were added during secondary calcination to regulate the morphology, crystallinity, and surface defects of graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN). With molten salt treatment matched the melting point of the binary salt system, a cyano group and alkali metal co-doped crystalline g-CN with a high surface area and good crystallinity were prepared.