Quercetin can improve anesthesia induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction by regulating miR-138-5p/ LCN2.

Background: Anesthesia can lead to functional cognitive impairment, which can seriously affect postoperative recovery. To investigate the effect and mechanism of quercetin (Que) in anesthetized rats, the study provided a new therapeutic idea for the prevention of cognitive dysfunction caused by anesthesia.

Methods: Cognitively impaired rats were constructed using Isoflurane (ISO) anesthesia and treated with Que.

microRNA-125b-5p alleviated CCI-induced neuropathic pain and modulated neuroinflammation via targeting SOX11.

Background: Increasing evidence demonstrated the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the onset and development of neuropathic pain (NP). Exploring the molecular mechanism underlying NP and identifying key molecules could provide potential targets for the therapy of NP. The function and mechanism of miR-125b-5p in regulating NP have been studied, aiming to find a potential therapeutic target for NP.

Blockage of glioma cell survival by truncated TEAD-binding domain of YAP.

Background: Gliomas are highly aggressive and lack of efficient targeted therapy. YAP, as a Hippo pathway downstream effector, plays a key role in promoting tumor development through the interaction with transcription factor TEAD on the NH3-terminal proline-rich domain. Therefore, targeting TEAD-interacting domain of YAP may provide a novel approach for the treatment of gliomas.

Inhibition of eIF4F complex loading inhibits the survival of malignant glioma.

The eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)4E‑binding proteins (4E‑BPs) regulate cap‑dependent protein translation and control the assembly of the eIF4F complex. In the present study, a phosphorylation‑deficient truncated 4E‑BP2 (eIF4FD) was constructed into the eukaryotic expression vector pSecTag2, and the in vitro and in vivo effects on malignant glioma survival were determined through inhibiting eIF4F complex assembly. Cell cycle distribution analysis and TUNEL staining show that overexpression of eIF4FD suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in U251 cells.

Malignant Intracranial High Grade Glioma and Current Treatment Strategy.

Malignant high-grade glioma (HGG) is the most common and extremely fatal type of primary intracranial tumor. These tumors recurred within 2 to 3 cm of the primary region of tumor resection in the majority of cases. Furthermore, the blood-brain barrier significantly limited the access of many systemically administered chemotherapeutics to the tumor, pointing towards a stringent need for new therapeutic patterns.

MiR-154 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Glioblastoma by Targeting Wnt5a.

Recently, deregulated microRNA (miRNA) expression contributes to the development and progression of human glioblastoma. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the level of miR-154 and Wnt5a in glioblastoma tissues and cells. We further investigated the molecular mechanisms of miR-154 and Wnt5a in glioblastoma cell lines.

Does Early Postsurgical Temozolomide Plus Concomitant Radiochemotherapy Regimen Have Any Benefit in Newly-diagnosed Glioblastoma Patients? A Multi-center, Randomized, Parallel, Open-label, Phase II Clinical Trial.

Background: The radiochemotherapy regimen concomitantly employing temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) 4 weeks after surgery, followed by 6 cycles of TMZ is a common treatment for glioblastoma (GBM). However, its median overall survival (OS) is only 14.6 months.

The cap-translation inhibitor 4EGI-1 induces mitochondrial dysfunction via regulation of mitochondrial dynamic proteins in human glioma U251 cells.

Translation initiation factors (eIFs) are over-activated in many human cancers and may contribute to their progression. The small molecule 4EGI-1, a potent inhibitor of translation initiation through disrupting eIF4E/eIF4G interaction, has been shown to exert anti-cancer effects in human cancer cells. The goal of the present study was to evaluate the anti-cancer effects of 4EGI-1 in human glioma U251 cells.

The expression of hepatoma-derived growth factor in primary central nervous system lymphoma and its correlation with angiogenesis, proliferation and clinical outcome.

Hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF), a potential predictive and prognostic marker in several human cancers, is the firstly reported member of the HDGF family of proteins containing a well-conserved N-terminal amino acid sequence. HDGF is implicated in tumorigenesis by direct angiogenic activity, and its expression is correlated with aggressive biological ability of cancer cells including proliferation and angiogenesis. So, we propose that HDGF may be a valuable factor in progression and prognosis for primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) through its angiogenic and proliferative activity.

Relation of LAT1/4F2hc expression with pathological grade, proliferation and angiogenesis in human gliomas.

Background: LAT1/4F2hc heterodimeric complex is a major route for the transport of large neutral essential amino acids through the plasma membrane. Although it has been shown that LAT1/4F2hc is highly expressed in a variety of human tumors including gliomas, and LAT1 over-expression is associated with glioma grade and poor prognosis of glioma patients, the precise tissue location of LAT1/4F2hc in gliomas and the precise role of LAT1/4F2hc in glioma biological features remain unclear.

Methods: In the current study, the expressions of LAT1, 4F2hc, CD34 and Ki-67 were investigated by immunohistochemistry in 62 cases of human brain glioma; LAT1/4F2hc expression level, Ki-67 labeling index (Ki-67 LI) and microvessel density (MVD) were measured semi-quantitatively; and the correlation of LAT1/4F2hc expression with histopathological features, Ki-67 LI and MVD in gliomas was further analyzed.

Neuroprotective effects of osthole pretreatment against traumatic brain injury in rats.

Osthole, a coumarin compound isolated from the plant-derived herb Cnidium monnieri, has been the subject of considerable interest because of its broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effects of osthole in adult rats in the setting of traumatic brain injury (TBI). We employed Feeney's weight-drop model to ascertain whether intraperitoneal administration of osthole (10mg/kg, 20mg/kg and 40 mg/kg) 30 min before TBI could reduce the severity of neurological deficits, cerebral edema, and hippocampal neuron loss.

Survivin promotes glioma angiogenesis through vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor in vitro and in vivo.

Survivin is involved in multiple signaling mechanisms in tumor maintenance, and accumulated studies elucidate that knockdown of survivin in endothelial cells could inhibit angiogenesis; however, the role of survivin in tumor cells to regulate tumor-derived angiogenesis remains largely unclear. In the present study 80 cases of brain glioma were chosen and protein expressions of survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in glioma cells were investigated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cocultured with human glioma U251 wild-type cells, U251 cells survivin silenced, SHG44 wild-type cells, and SHG44 survivin-overexpressing cells, respectively.

Chordoid glioma: a case report and literature review.

Background: chordoid glioma is a rare tumor (World Health Organization grade II) with both glial and chordoid features, often located in the suprasellar region and anterior third ventricle. It was first described by Brat in 1998. Because there is no detailed information available from the clinical perspective, we reviewed the literature.

Boron neutron capture therapy induces apoptosis of glioma cells through Bcl-2/Bax.

Background: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an alternative treatment modality for patients with glioma. The aim of this study was to determine whether induction of apoptosis contributes to the main therapeutic efficacy of BNCT and to compare the relative biological effect (RBE) of BNCT, γ-ray and reactor neutron irradiation.

Methods: The neutron beam was obtained from the Xi'an Pulsed Reactor (XAPR) and γ-rays were obtained from [60Co] γ source of the Fourth Military Medical University (FMMU) in China.

Neuroprotective effect of osthole against acute ischemic stroke on middle cerebral ischemia occlusion in rats.

Osthole, a natural coumarin derivative, has taken considerable attention because of its diverse pharmacological functions. It has been reported to be useful in the treatment of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and neuronal damage. In the present study, we examined the neuroprotective effect of osthole and its potential mechanisms against acute ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats.

Hemorrhagic pituitary macroadenoma: characteristics, endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery, and outcomes.

Purpose: This study aims to assess the effect of endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery (EETSS) of hemorrhagic pituitary macroadenoma (HPMA).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 52 cases with HPMA collected from the Xijing Hospital from April 1995 to April 2009. There were 39 males and 13 females, ranging in age from 18 to 79 years (average 51.

Up-regulation of EphA2 and down-regulation of EphrinA1 are associated with the aggressive phenotype and poor prognosis of malignant glioma.

Malignant gliomas display over-expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase EphA2. However, expression levels of the EphA2 ligand, EphrinA1, have not been fully elucidated. Seventy-eight patients with primary gliomas were included in this study who underwent surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy.

Neuritin expression and its relation with proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis in human astrocytoma.

Neuritin, a new member of the neurotrophic factor family, plays an important role in promoting neuronal survival, differentiation, function, and repair. However, whether neuritin is expressed in human astrocytoma and involved in their proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis remains unclear. The expression of neuritin messenger RNA, protein and the relationship with proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis were examined in human astrocytoma samples and three glioma cell lines by immunohistochemistry, Western blot, and quantitative real-time RT-PCR and so on.

Prognostic value of pretreatment 18F-FDG PET in patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma: SUV-based assessment.

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the prognostic value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in immunocompetent patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). We also investigated whether FDG uptake was related to angiogenesis in the tumors. Seventeen patients with newly diagnosed and histologically confirmed PCNSL were investigated with FDG-PET before the treatment.

Correlation of L-methyl-11C-methionine (MET) uptake with L-type amino acid transporter 1 in human gliomas.

L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1) is a neutral amino acid transport system and is a major route for the transport of large neutral amino acids, including methionine, through the plasma membrane. LAT1 requires the heavy chain of 4F2 cell surface antigen (4F2hc) for its functional expression. Positron emission tomography (PET) with L-[methyl-(11)C] methionine (MET) provides information about amino acid metabolism in brain tumors.