A probabilistic deep learning approach to enhance the prediction of wastewater treatment plant effluent quality under shocking load events.

Sudden shocking load events featuring significant increases in inflow quantities or concentrations of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), are a major threat to the attainment of treated effluents to discharge quality standards. To aid in real-time decision-making for stable WWTP operations, this study developed a probabilistic deep learning model that comprises encoder-decoder long short-term memory (LSTM) networks with added capacity of producing probability predictions, to enhance the robustness of real-time WWTP effluent quality prediction under such events. The developed probabilistic encoder-decoder LSTM (P-ED-LSTM) model was tested in an actual WWTP, where bihourly effluent quality prediction of total nitrogen was performed and compared with classical deep learning models, including LSTM, gated recurrent unit (GRU) and Transformer.

In-sewer iron dosing enhances bioenergy recovery in downstream sewage sludge anaerobic digestion: The impact of iron salt types and thermal hydrolysis pretreatment.

Dosing iron salts is a widely adopted strategy for sewer odor and corrosion management, and it can affect bioenergy recovery during anaerobic digestion (AD) of sludge in downstream wastewater treatment plants. However, the different impacts of in-sewer iron salt dosing on AD, depending on the types of iron and digestion conditions, remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of in-sewer ferrous (Fe(II)) and ferrate (Fe(VI)) dosing on bioenergy recovery in both conventional AD and AD with thermal hydrolysis pretreatment (THP).

Identifying the fate of dissolved organic matter in wastewater treatment plant effluent-dominated urban river based on fluorescence fingerprinting and flux budget approach.

Effluent organic matter from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is an important source of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in urban rivers worldwide and is an important water quality factor. Identifying the fate of DOM in urban river is crucial for water quality management. To address this concern, a fluorescent flux budget approach was conducted to probe the fate of DOM in WWTP effluent-dominated urban river, in combination with field measurement and fluorescence fingerprinting.

Enhancing insight into DOM fate in aquatic systems: Introducing the FLOTATION model.

Water quality modeling can help to understand the source, transport, transformation and fate of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in aquatic systems. However, water quality models typically use biological oxygen demand as the state variable for DOM, which poorly represents the bio-refractory fraction of the DOM pool. Furthermore, photodegradation, which has a significant impact on the fate of DOM, is often neglected in water quality models.

Hugan Buzure Granule Alleviates Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Inhibiting NLRP3/Caspase-1 Pathway and TLR4/NF-κB Pathway.

Background: Hugan Buzure Granule (HBG) is a traditional prescription of Uygur nationality in China mainly used to treat liver cold, stomachache, spleen and rib pain, arthralgia, rheumatism and urinary system diseases. Its mechanism of action in treating acute kidney injury (AKI) continues to remain unconfirmed. This study's objective was to investigate the pharmacodynamics and mechanism of HBG in the management of AKI.

Mechanism of near-field optical nanopatterning on noble metal nano-films by a nanosecond laser irradiating a cantilevered scanning near-field optical microscopy probe.

To overcome the diffraction limit, a laser irradiating cantilevered scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) probe has been used in near-field optical nanopatterning. In this paper, the mechanism of nanopatterning on noble metal nano-films by this technique is investigated by the finite element method. It is proposed that the main mechanism of this phenomenon is the melt and reshaping of the nano-film under the SNOM tip.

Mechanism of nanostructure processing on Au and Ag nano-film by a nanosecond laser illuminating cantilevered scanning near-field optical microscopy tip.

Nanostructure processing by a laser illuminating cantilevered scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) tip is a novel technology that has received extensive attention from researchers. In this paper, theoretical investigations of the mechanism for nanostructure fabrication on Au and Ag nano-film by this technology are realized by the finite element method. The light field intensity and temperature distribution on Au and Ag surfaces at the near-field of the SNOM tip apex after illumination is simulated.

Fabrication of nanostructure on Au nano-film by nanosecond laser coupled with cantilevered scanning near-field optical microscopy probe.

Diffraction limit has been the constraint of the nanostructure fabrication. Because the scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) can work in the evanescent near-field region, its application in nano-processing has received extensive attention from researchers globally. In this paper, we combined nanosecond laser with cantilevered SNOM probe.

Compound Gaoziban tablet alleviates depression toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation factor 88/nuclear factor-kappa B pathway.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of compound Gaoziban tablet (, CGZBT) on depression, and to investigate the underlying mechanism.

Methods: The components of CGZBT were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. Then, we assessed the effects of varying doses of CGZBT on an established chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model in rats.

Current Progress, Challenges and Perspectives in the Microalgal-Bacterial Aerobic Granular Sludge Process: A Review.

Traditional wastewater treatment technologies have become increasingly inefficient to meet the needs of low-consumption and sustainable wastewater treatment. Researchers are committed to seeking new wastewater treatment technologies, to reduce the pressure on the environment caused by resource shortages. Recently, a microalgal-bacterial granular sludge (MBGS) technology has attracted widespread attention due to its high efficiency wastewater treatment capacity, low energy consumption, low CO emissions, potentially high added values, and resource recovery capabilities.

Application of zeolites in permeable reactive barriers (PRBs) for in-situ groundwater remediation: A critical review.

Permeable reactive barrier (PRB) is one of the most promising in-situ groundwater remediation technologies due to its low costs and wide immobilization suitability for multiple contaminants. Reactive medium is a key component of PRBs and their selection needs to consider removal effectiveness as well as permeability. Zeolites have been extensively reported as reactive media owing to their high adsorption capacity, diverse pore structure and high stability.

Simultaneous removal of Pb and MTBE by mixed zeolites in fixed-bed column tests.

The co-contamination of metals and organic pollutants, such as Pb and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), in groundwater, has become a common and major phenomenon in many contaminated sites. This study evaluated the feasibility of their simultaneous removal with permeable reactive barrier (PRB) packed with mixed zeolites (clinoptilolite and ZSM-5) using fixed-bed column tests and breakthrough curve modeling. The effect of grain size on the permeability of PRB and removal efficacy was also assessed by granular and power clinoptilolite.

Mechanism of Shiliu Buxue Syrup for anemia using integrated metabolomics and network pharmacology.

For many years, Shiliu Buxue Syrup (SLBXS) has been used in the treatment of anemia in Xinjiang, China. However, the potential therapeutic mechanism of SLBXS in the treatment of anemia remains unclear. We qualitatively analyzed the ingredients of SLBXS and predicted the underlying mechanisms by network pharmacology.

Advanced mechanism of multiphysics fields tip enhancement induced with varied laser power to fabricate pattern-transformable subdiffraction limit nanostructures.

The nanofabrication platform was carried out using an atomic force microscope (AFM) system and a continuous wave (cw) laser to investigate the influence of laser power on the underlying mechanism of nanostructures fabricated by multiphysics fields tip enhancement (MFTE) induced by a cw laser irradiating the AFM probe tip. The nanostructure fabrication of nanopits and grooves and nanodots and lines on a polymethyl methacrylate thin film was conducted in an ambient environment by changing the incident laser power. The dependence of the MFTE on laser power was numerically analyzed, too.

Fate and transport of pharmaceuticals in water systems: A processes review.

Pharmaceuticals are globally consumed by humans and animals to support daily health and to treat disease. Following consumption, they may reach the aquatic environment either directly through the discharge of untreated wastewater to water bodies, or indirectly via treated wastewater as a result of their incomplete removal from wastewater treatment plants. This paper reviews the processes that control the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals in water systems, including sorption, photodegradation, hydrolysis and biodegradation.

Huganbuzure Granule Attenuates Concanavalin-A-Induced Immune Liver Injury in Mice via Regulating the Balance of Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Cells and Inhibiting Apoptosis.

In Uygur medicine, Huganbuzure granule (HBG) is one of the classical prescriptions for liver protection. However, its role in immune liver injury remains unknown. This study evaluates the effect of HBG on concanavalin-A- (ConA-) induced immune liver injury and investigates its protective underlying mechanism.

Photodegradation-induced biological degradation of treated wastewater effluent organic matter in receiving waters.

Effluent organic matter (EfOM) from wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) constitutes an important source of dissolved organic matter in receiving waters. Photodegradation may alter the properties of WWTP EfOM, thereby impacting its biodegradability and microbial respiration. However, whether and how natural sunlight exposure of EfOM affects its biodegradability and microbial oxygen consumption in the receiving waters are unclear.

Transcriptomic Analysis Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms of Hanchuan Zupa Granules in Alleviating Asthma in Rat.

Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanisms of HCZP treatment of asthma.

Materials And Methods: Thirty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into normal, asthma, and HCZP groups ( = 10). The asthma model was sensitized by 1 mg ovalbumin (OVA)/aluminum hydroxide Al(OH)mixture and then challenged with 1% aerosolized OVA for four weeks.

Sustainable stabilization/solidification of the Pb, Zn, and Cd contaminated soil by red mud-derived binders.

Red mud and phosphogypsum are voluminous industrial by-products worldwide. They have long been disposed of in landfills or open storage, leading to a waste of resource and environmental pollution. This study provides a novel approach to recycle these industrial by-products as sustainable red mud-phosphogypsum-Portland cement (RPPC) binders for stabilization/solidification (S/S) of multimetal-contaminated soil.

Pin-pointing groundwater infiltration into urban sewers using chemical tracer in conjunction with physically based optimization model.

Groundwater infiltration into sanitary sewers increases hydraulic loadings of sewage collection systems and threatens wastewater treatment efficiency. However, cost-effective approach to quantify this important process still needs to be improved in order to better manage this common issue. This paper presents a method for determining the origin and amount of groundwater entering the urban sewer system.

The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of zukamu granules, a traditional Chinese medical formulation.

Zukamu granule, a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown clinical treatment efficacy. However, the pharmacodynamic effects and possible anti-inflammatory mechanisms of zukamu are still unclear. To investigate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects and possible mechanisms of zukamu granules on acute lung injury.