Hospital admissions attributable to reduced air pollution due to clean-air policies in China.

The Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (APPCAP) is considered to be the most stringent air pollution control policy in China implemented since 2013. This policy is a milestone in China to mitigate serious air pollution. However, health benefits attributable to reduced fine-particulate air pollution after the implementation of the APPCAP have not been quantitatively estimated on a PM constituent-specific and morbidity cause-specific basis.

Long-term low-level ozone exposure and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus and glycemic levels: A prospective cohort study from Southwest China.

Background: This study investigated the relationship between long-term low-level ozone (O) exposure, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) incidence, and glycemic levels within a prospective cohort in Southwest China, especially in regions with relatively low air pollution levels.

Method: Between 2010 and 2020, the Guizhou Population Health Cohort Study (GPHCS) enrolled 9280 participants, who were followed up from 2016 to 2020. A total of 7317 participants (aged 18-95 years, mean 43.

Associations between fine particulate matter and its constituents and intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy.

Few studies have reported an association between intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) and preconception exposure to PM and sunlight duration, but there has been no in-depth analysis of the correlation between ICP and different constituents of PM. Thus, we performed this retrospective analysis among 160,544 pregnant women who delivered between 2014 and 2020, to further estimate the impact of different constituents of PM, as well as the duration of sunlight, on ICP via generalized linear models. During the three months prior to conception, the adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for ICP were 1.

Acute Impact of Nonoptimal Ambient Temperatures on Plasma Levels of 3000 Proteins in Chinese Adults.

Nonoptimal ambient temperatures (i.e., cold and heat) are leading environmental determinants of major diseases worldwide, but the underlying pathological mechanisms are still poorly understood.

Associations of maternal PM2.5 exposure with preterm birth and miscarriage in women undergoing fertilization: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Excessive exposure to PM2.5 can be detrimental to reproductive health. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential associations between ambient PM2.

Long-Term Fine Particulate Matter Exposure on Lung Cancer Incidence and Mortality in Chinese Nonsmokers.

The association between fine particulate matter (PM) and lung cancer incidence in non-smokers (LCINS) remains inconsistent. To investigate the association between long-term PM exposure and LCINS in a Chinese population and to assess the modifying effect of genetic factors. Time-dependent Cox proportional hazard models were employed to evaluate the hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of PM with LCINS risk and LCINS-related mortality.

Associations between long-term exposure to ultrafine particles and type 2 diabetes: A large-scale, multicenter study in China.

Few studies have examined the associations between long-term exposure to ultrafine particles (UFP) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate the impact of long-term UFP exposure on diabetes prevalence and stages, as well as glycemic markers, using data from a large multi-center cohort collected from 2017 to 2021. The health outcomes assessed included diabetes prevalence and stages (normoglycemia, prediabetes, and diabetes), as well as glycemic markers, i.

Multifaceted interplays between the essential players and lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis.

Ferroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, represents a distinct paradigm in cell biology. It is characterized by the iron-dependent accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which induce lipid peroxidation (LPO), and is orchestrated by the interplay between iron, lipid peroxides, and glutathione. In this review, we emphasize the frequently overlooked role of iron in LPO beyond the classical iron-driven Fenton reaction in several crucial processes that regulate cellular iron homeostasis, including iron intake and export as well as ferritinophagy, and the emerging roles of endoplasmic reticulum-resident flavoprotein oxidoreductases, especially P450 oxidoreductases, in modulating LPO.

Sand and dust storms: a growing global health threat calls for international health studies to support policy action.

Sand and dust storms increasingly threaten global environmental and public health. To date, 150 countries are directly affected, with more than 100 classified as non-dust source regions. With climate change, these storms are expected to become more frequent and severe.

Association between Ambient Ultrafine Particles and Neurodevelopmental Delay in Preschoolers in Shanghai, China.

Previous toxicological research has suggested the potential neurotoxicity of ultrafine particulate matter (UFP, particles ≤0.1 μm in diameter). However, evidence from human beings, particularly regarding the neurodevelopmental impacts of UFP, is still limited.

Nonlinear exposure-response associations of daytime, nighttime, and day-night compound heatwaves with mortality amid climate change.

Heatwaves are commonly simplified as binary variables in epidemiological studies, limiting the understanding of heatwave-mortality associations. Here we conduct a multi-country study across 28 East Asian cities that employed the Cumulative Excess Heatwave Index (CEHWI), which represents excess heat accumulation during heatwaves, to explore the potentially nonlinear associations of daytime-only, nighttime-only, and day-night compound heatwaves with mortality from 1981 to 2010. Populations exhibited high adaptability to daytime-only and nighttime-only heatwaves, with non-accidental mortality risks increasing only at higher CEHWI levels (75th-90th percentiles).

Differential effects of fine particulate matter constituents on acute coronary syndrome onset.

Fine particulate matter has been linked with acute coronary syndrome. Nevertheless, the key constituents remain unclear. Here, we conduct a nationwide case-crossover study in China during 2015-2021 to quantify the associations between fine particulate matter constituents (organic matter, black carbon, nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium) and acute coronary syndrome, and to identify the critical contributors.

Black Carbon Air Pollution and Incident Mortality Among the Advance-Aged Adults in China: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: We aimed to assess associations between black carbon (BC) and nonaccidental mortality among advance-aged adults in China.

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in 22 provinces of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. We calculated concentrations of 3-year average BC, fine particulate matter (PM2.

Microbial diversity and environmental determinants at Shanghai Hongqiao railway station: A comprehensive microbial assessment.

The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of indoor environmental management in transportation hubs, which are critical for pathogen transmission due to high foot traffic. However, research has primarily focused on subways, with limited studies on train stations. In this study, samples were collected at the Shanghai Hongqiao Railway Station in winter, spring, and summer.

Association between air pollution and hospitalization for acute exacerbation of kidney failure: A nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study in China.

Background: Air pollution is a potential risk factor for kidney disease; however, the impact on kidney failure exacerbation is underexplored. This study assessed the short-term effects of air pollution on hospitalization for kidney failure exacerbation.

Methods: This nationwide, time-stratified, case-crossover study included 45,249 hospitalized patients with kidney failure from 153 hospitals in 20 Chinese provinces between 2013 and 2020.

Burden of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease attributable to ambient ozone pollution across China and its provinces, 1990-2021: An analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a causal relationship between ambient ozone (O 3 ) and mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is the only outcome considered in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 for O 3 . This study aims to evaluate the temporal trend and spatial distribution of the COPD burden attributable to O 3 across China from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: The ambient O 3 concentrations in China were estimated.

Associations of long-term nitrogen dioxide exposure with a wide spectrum of diseases: a prospective cohort study of 0·5 million Chinese adults.

Background: Little evidence is available on the long-term health effects of nitrogen dioxide (NO) in low-income and middle-income populations. We investigated the associations of long-term NO exposure with the incidence of a wide spectrum of disease outcomes, based on data from the China Kadoorie Biobank.

Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 512 724 Chinese adults aged 30-79 years recruited from ten areas of China during 2004-08.

Respiratory Benefits of Multisetting Air Purification in Children: A Cluster Randomized Crossover Trial.

Importance: Particulate matter exposure has been linked to impaired respiratory health in children, but the respiratory benefits of air purification have not been fully elucidated.

Objectives: To assess the respiratory health outcomes among children exposed to multisetting air purification vs sham purification.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cluster randomized, double-blind, crossover trial was conducted among healthy school-aged children (10-12 years) in China from April to December 2021.

PM Exposure as a Risk Factor for Optic Nerve Health in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

(1) Objective: This study investigated the relationship between long-term particulate matter (PM) exposure and optic disc parameters-vertical cup-to-disc ratio (vCDR), vertical optic disc diameter (vDD), and vertical optic cup diameter (vCD)-in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). (2) Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from 65,750 T2DM patients in the 2017-2018 Shanghai Cohort Study of Diabetic Eye Disease (SCODE). Optic disc parameters were extracted from fundus images, and PM exposure was estimated using a random forest model incorporating satellite and meteorological data.

Burden of infant mortality associated with flood in 37 African countries.

Floods are becoming more frequent and severe in the context of climate change, with major impacts on human health. However, their effect on infant mortality remains unknown, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. We conducted a sibling-matched case-control study using individual-level data from Demographic and Health Surveys in Africa during 1990-2020.

Association of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and temperature with bronchiectasis mortality: a nationwide time-stratified case-crossover study.

Background: Ambient pollution and non-optimal temperature are major risk factors for respiratory health. However, the relationships between short-term exposure to these factors and bronchiectasis mortality remain unknown.

Methods: A nationwide, time-stratified case-crossover study across Mainland China was conducted from 2013 to 2019.