Once-weekly glucagon-like peptide receptor agonist polyethylene glycol loxenatide protects against major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes: a multicenter ambispective cohort study (FLYING trial).

This study aimed to determine the effects of polyethylene glycol loxenatide (PEG-Loxe), a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, on a three-point major adverse cardiovascular event (3P-MACE) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study was conducted in six tertiary hospitals in three cities in China. Large language models were used to retrospectively screen and include 12,341 patients with T2DM who had either cardiovascular disease or cardiovascular risk factors.

Exploring Si-Ni-San's therapeutic mechanism in autoimmune thyroid diseases: A network pharmacology approach and experimental evidence.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD), a group of prevalent and persistent immune-mediated disorders affecting the endocrine system, can progressively result in total thyroid failure, thereby drastically impacting metabolic processes. Given the inadequacies of current clinical approaches to managing AITD, The exigency to investigate novel therapeutic strategies demands immediate attention, given the limitations and potential resistances associated with conventional approaches. Si-Ni-San (SNS), first chronicled in the esteemed Eastern Han Dynasty medical text " Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases" circa 200-210 AD, is a time-honored remedy known for its harmonizing effects on the liver and invigorating properties for the spleen.

Defects in Halide Perovskites: Does It Help to Switch from 3D to 2D?

Two-dimensional (2D) organic-inorganic hybrid iodide perovskites have been put forward in recent years as stable alternatives to their three-dimensional (3D) counterparts. Using first-principles calculations, we demonstrate that equilibrium concentrations of point defects in the 2D perovskites PEAPbI, BAPbI, and PEASnI (PEA, phenethylammonium; BA, butylammonium) are much lower than in comparable 3D perovskites. Bonding disruptions by defects are more destructive in 2D than in 3D networks, making defect formation energetically more costly.

Transcriptomics reveals different response mechanisms of Litopenaeus vannamei hemocytes to injection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and WSSV.

As the most important cultural crustacean species worldwide, studies about Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) have received more attention. It has been well-documented that various pathogens could infect L. vannamei, resulting in huge economic losses.

The aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase ratio: A novel indicator for skeletal muscle mass in Chinese community adults.

Objectives: The aspartate aminotransferase to alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio, an indicator for liver fibrosis, could be easily detected in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the AST/ALT ratio and skeletal muscle mass among Chinese community adult residents.

Methods: We enrolled 2644 participants, age ≥18 y, undergoing bioelectrical impedance analysis and liver function test.

In Situ IR Spectroscopy Studies of Atomic Layer-Deposited SnO on Formamidinium-Based Lead Halide Perovskite.

Perovskite photovoltaics has achieved conversion efficiencies of 26.0% by optimizing the optoelectronic properties of the absorber and its interfaces with charge transport layers (CTLs). However, commonly adopted organic CTLs can lead to parasitic absorption and device instability.

EMP1 as a Potential Biomarker in Liver Fibrosis: A Bioinformatics Analysis.

Liver fibrosis is a wound-healing response to chronic injury, which may result in cirrhosis and liver failure. Studies have been carried on the mechanisms and pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. However, the potential cell-specific expressed marker genes involved in fibrotic processes remain unknown.

Thermodynamic Origin of the Photostability of the Two-Dimensional Perovskite PEAPb(I Br ).

The two-dimensional (2D) mixed halide perovskite PEAPb(I Br ) exhibits high phase stability under illumination as compared to the three-dimensional (3D) counterpart MAPb(I Br ). We explain this difference using a thermodynamic theory that considers the sum of a compositional and a photocarrier free energy. Ab initio calculations show that the improved compositional phase stability of the 2D perovskite is caused by a preferred I-Br distribution, leading to a much lower critical temperature for halide segregation in the dark than for the 3D perovskite.

IL-9-Producing Th9 Cells Participate in the Occurrence and Development of Iodine-Induced Autoimmune Thyroiditis.

Iodine excess may cause and aggravate autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), which is regarded as a typical kind of autoimmune disease mainly mediated by CD4 T cells. Thus far, it is unclear whether T helper (Th) 9 cells, a novel subpopulation of CD4 T cells, play a potential role in AIT. Therefore, in the present study, changes in Th9 cells were detected in murine models of AIT induced by excess iodine intake to explore the possible immune mechanism.

Compound Defects in Halide Perovskites: A First-Principles Study of CsPbI.

Lattice defects affect the long-term stability of halide perovskite solar cells. Whereas simple point defects, i.e.

Notch Signaling Pathway Promotes Th17 Cell Differentiation and Participates in Thyroid Autoimmune Injury in Experimental Autoimmune Thyroiditis Mice.

Purpose: To investigate whether the Notch signaling pathway participates in the occurrence and development of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) by affecting the differentiation and function of Th17 cells.

Materials And Methods: Experimental mice were randomly divided into a control group, an EAT-A group (porcine thyroid immunoglobulin- (pTg-) treated mice) and an EAT-B group (treated with the DAPT -secretase inhibitor before pTg). HE staining, IHC staining, flow cytometry, RT-qPCR, and ELISA were used to evaluate the degrees of thyroiditis, detect the percentage of Th17 cells and measure the expression of retinoic acid-related orphan receptor gamma t (RORt), interleukin-17A (IL-17A), and the main components of the Notch signaling pathway.

Critical Influence of Organic A'-Site Ligand Structure on 2D Perovskite Crystallization.

Organic A'-site ligand structure plays a crucial role in the crystal growth of 2D perovskites, but the underlying mechanism has not been adequately understood. This problem is tackled by studying the influence of two isomeric A'-site ligands, linear-shaped n-butylammonium (n-BA ) and branched iso-butylammonium (iso-BA ), on 2D perovskites from precursor to device, with a combination of in situ grazing-incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering and density functional theory. It is found that branched iso-BA , due to the lower aggregation enthalpies, tends to form large-size clusters in the precursor solution, which can act as pre-nucleation sites to expedite the crystallization of vertically oriented 2D perovskites.

Apoptosis-Associated Gene Expression Profiling Is One New Prognosis Risk Predictor of Human Rectal Cancer.

Background: Prior research has revealed the predictive significance of a series of genetic markers in the prognosis of rectal cancer (RC), but the roles of apoptosis-associated genes in RC are rarely studied.

Methods: The RNA-seq data as well as clinical data about patients with rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project. Additionally, 87 apoptosis-associated genes were downloaded and acquired from Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database.

Promoting Energy Transfer via Manipulation of Crystallization Kinetics of Quasi-2D Perovskites for Efficient Green Light-Emitting Diodes.

Quasi-2D (Q-2D) perovskites are promising materials applied in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) due to their high exciton binding energy and quantum confinement effects. However, Q-2D perovskites feature a multiphase structure with abundant grain boundaries and interfaces, leading to nonradiative loss during the energy-transfer process. Here, a more efficient energy transfer in Q-2D perovskites is achieved by manipulating the crystallization kinetics of different-n phases.

Long Noncoding RNA PCAT18 Upregulates SPRR3 to Promote Colorectal Cancer Progression by Binding to miR-759.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential functions in the development of several cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Nevertheless, how PCAT18 regulates CRC tumorigenesis remains unclear. In this research, we aimed to investigate the roles of PCAT18 in CRC.

Detection of genes responsible for cetuximab sensitization in colorectal cancer cells using CRISPR-Cas9.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor in digestive tract with highly invasive and metastatic capacity. Drug sensitivity remains a significant obstacle to successful chemotherapy in CRC patients. The present study aimed to explore genes related to cetuximab (CTX) sensitivity in CRC by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9.

Precise Control of Perovskite Crystallization Kinetics via Sequential A-Site Doping.

Two-step-fabricated FAPbI -based perovskites have attracted increasing attention because of their excellent film quality and reproducibility. However, the underlying film formation mechanism remains mysterious. Here, the crystallization kinetics of a benchmark FAPbI -based perovskite film with sequential A-site doping of Cs and GA is revealed by in situ X-ray scattering and first-principles calculations.

Notch-Hes1 Signaling Regulates IL-17A T Cell Expression and IL-17A Secretion of Mouse Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation.

Purpose: To evaluate the regulating effect of Notch-Hes1 signaling on IL-17A T cell expression and IL-17A secretion in mouse psoriasis-like skin inflammation.

Materials And Methods: Experimental mice were randomly divided into control group, model group (5% imiquimod- (IMQ-) treated mice), and intervention group (IMQ and -secretase inhibitor DAPT cotreated mice). The severity of psoriasis-like skin inflammation was evaluated by target lesion score based on the clinical psoriasis area and severity index (PASI).

The Role of MIF-173G/C Gene Polymorphism in the Susceptibility of Autoimmune Diseases.

Some certain genetic polymorphisms have been considered to implicate in the pathogenesis and progression of autoimmune diseases and may predispose to an early stage of general autoimmune susceptibility. Recent studies have been conducted to investigate the association between macrophage migration inhibitory factor- (MIF-) 173G/C gene polymorphism and autoimmune diseases; however, the results were not exactly identical. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies was performed to estimate the relationship.

Relationship between the upregulation of Notch1 signaling and the clinical characteristics of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma in East Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Many studies have aimed to clarify the relationship between Notch1 signaling and papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but the results have been inconsistent to date. In the present study, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to analyze the relationship between Notch1 signaling and the clinical characteristics of PTC.

Methods: Literature databases, including PubMed (Medline), Embase and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, were searched for relevant studies from inception to April 2018.

Geometries, stabilities, and magnetic properties of CoB (n = 1-10) clusters.

The geometries, stabilities, and magnetic properties of CoB (n = 1-10) clusters were systematically investigated by performing spin-polarized density functional theory calculations. We found that doping B clusters with Co significantly changed their structures. CoB and CoB had planar and quasi-planar structures, while CoB and CoB had bipyramidal structures.

The Sphingosine-1-Phosphate/Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 2 Axis in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Regulates Intestinal Barrier Function During Intestinal Epithelial Cells-CD4+T-Cell Interactions.

Background/aims: Epithelial cells line the intestinal mucosa and form an important barrier for maintaining host health. This study aimed to explore the mechanism of the Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)/Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2) pathway in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) that participate in the intestinal barrier function.

Methods: In this study, we constructed a knockout of the S1PR2 gene in mice, and Dextra sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to induce colitis.

Notch1 Signaling Regulates the Th17/Treg Immune Imbalance in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris.

Purpose: To evaluate the regulating effect of Notch1 signaling on Th17/Treg immune imbalance in psoriasis vulgaris (PV).

Materials And Methods: Notch1, Hes-1, RORt, Foxp3, IL-17, and IL-10 mRNA expression, as well as Th17 and Treg cell percentages in peripheral CD4 T cells, were detected by real-time quantitative RT-PCR and flow cytometry, and serum concentrations of IL-17 and IL-10 were detected by ELISA in 36 PV patients and 32 healthy controls. Additionally, CD4 T cells from 12 PV patients were treated with -secretase inhibitor DAPT, and the above indexes were measured.