Effective Tools for the Metal-Catalyzed Regiodivergent Direct Arylations of (Hetero)arenes.

The direct functionalization of two different C-H bonds of the same organic molecule using different procedures - also called regiodivergent C-H bond functionalization - currently represents an important research topic in organic chemistry, as it demonstrates the versatility of C-H bond functionalization methodology. Over the last decade, the number of tools to control such regiodivergent C-H bond functionalizations has increased significantly. In this account, we will present the various tools that allowed us to arylate different positions of various (hetero)arenes, via a C-H bond functionalization, using palladium or ruthenium catalysis.

"One-stop shop": safety and efficacy of combining atrial septal defect occlusion and left atrial appendage closure for patients with atrial septal defect and atrial fibrillation.

Background: One-stop occlusion, which is defined as the combination of atrial septal defect [ASD] or patent foramen ovale [PFO] occlusion and left atrial appendage [LAA] closure, in patients with ASD/PFO and atrial fibrillation (AF) has not yet been investigated systematically. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of one-stop occlusion in the treatment of adult patients with ASD/PFO and AF.

Methods: Inpatients with AF and ASD/PFO were recruited between August 2014 and April 2019.

Regioselective Pd-catalyzed direct C1- and C2-arylations of lilolidine for the access to 5,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,2,1-]quinoline derivatives.

The Pd-catalyzed C-H bond functionalization of lilolidine was investigated. The use of a palladium-diphosphine catalyst associated to acetate bases in DMA was found to promote the regioselective arylation at α-position of the nitrogen atom of lilolidine with a wide variety of aryl bromides. From these α-arylated lilolidines, a second arylation at the β-position gives the access to α,β-diarylated lilolidines containing two different aryl groups.

[Relationship among gingival thickness, underlying alveolar bone thickness, and sagittal root position in the maxillary anterior].

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship among gingival thickness (GT), underlying alveolar bone thickness (BT), and sagittal root position in the maxillary anterior measured by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). The theoretical foundation was applied to aesthetic dentistry, implant treatment planning, and therapeutic effect assessment.

Methods: A total of 40 young volunteers with healthy periodontal status were involved in this research [16 males and 24 females aged 23-34 years with a mean age of (26.

Effects of alveolar ridge preservation on delayed implant osseointegration.

To evaluate the effects of alveolar ridge preservation with Bio-Oss bone substitute (Geistlich Pharma) on delayed implant osseointegration. The 3rd and 4th left and right mandibular premolars were extracted from four adult healthy male and female dogs. For the experimental group, we randomly selected two extraction sockets in each dog to be filled with Bio-Oss bone substitute (Geistlich Pharma).

Preparation of protamine cationic nanobubbles and experimental study of their physical properties and in vivo contrast enhancement.

In this study, we aimed to prepare a novel type of microbubble (MB), protamine cationic nanobubble (NB), to provide a new vector for tumor gene therapy. We prepared cationic NBs with protamine and other lipid components using mechanical oscillation. The protamine cationic NBs had a mean diameter of 521.

[Application of attached gingiva reconstruction in implant-supported dental prosthesis].

Purpose: To explore a method of attached gingiva reconstruction around dental implants and to evaluate its clinical outcomes and technical characters.

Methods: From January 2011 to August 2011, a total of 10 implants were included in this study from 8 patients who had inadequate attached gingiva and needed to undergo secondary operation. A modified apically positioned flap technique was applied to reconstruct attached gingiva at the time of secondary operation.

[Squamous cell papilloma in interdental papilla: a case report].

Squamous cell papilloma is a kind of benign tumor from mucosa stratified squamous epithelium, which usually occurs in cheek, palate, lip and tongue. In this paper, a case of squamous cell papilloma occurred in interdental papilla was reported, and its pathogenesis, clinic features and treatment were discussed.

[A clinical evaluation of the implant denture in the anterior maxilla over 5 years].

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical results of implant denture in the anterior maxilla over 5 years.

Methods: From January 2002 to December 2006, two hundred and thirty-four patients with 354 dental implants were followed up for 7-62 months. The results were evaluated by X-ray, clinical examination and patient satisfaction investigation.

[Three-dimensional finite element analyses of bone surface stress of two kinds of conjunction implant].

Objective: To establish a three-dimension finite element model of mandible with two kinds of dental implant and to study the stress of implant-bone interface.

Methods: Measuring the data of the components of the dental implant and using spiral CT image reconstruction technique to scan the cross section of the mandible. Three-dimension finite element analysis software Unigraphics and MSC.

[A study of 202 periodontitis subjects in Chengdu].

Objective: To study the severity of periodontitis and risk factors in Chengdu.

Methods: 202 periodontitis patients (65 male, 137 female), aged from 25 to 60, were requested to fill a questionnaire. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession and bleeding on probing (BOP) on 6 sites of each tooth were measured and recorded.

[The study of the relationship of malodor and microbial composition of interdental and subgingival plaques in periodontitis patients].

Objective: The study is to investigate the microbial composition of interdental and subgingival plaques of periodontitis patients with or without malodor, to explore the relationships between periodontitis and oral malodor.

Methods: 20 patients of periodontitis with malodor were chosen from 210 patients of periodontitis, and the clinical parameter of plaque index (PLI), gingival bleeding index (GBI) and probing depth (PD) were measured and compared with the control group which had periodontal disease without malodor. During the experiment, the interdental and subgingival microbial samples in both groups were collected and sent to anaerobic culture for 48 hrs, then the total CFU/ml of each sample were counted, and each type of bacteria was separated and identified.

[The experimental study of facial nerve regeneration through E-PTFE tube with nervous homogenates].

Purpose: To investigate the effect of using e-PTFE containing nervous homogenates to repair the rabbit facial nerve defect.

Methods: Thirty-six adult New-Zealand rabbits weighing 2000-2500 g were randomly selected. The right sides were selected as e-PTFE containing nervous homogenates group, 8 mm defect of facial never were made, then the defect was bridged with e-PTFE tube, and the nervous homogenates were implanted into the e-PTFE tube.

[Investigation on the association of interleukin-1 genotype polymorphism with chronic periodontitis].

Objective: To examine the distribution of IL-1 genotypes among the people with Han nationality of different periodontal health status and to evaluate if there is an association between the genotype of IL-1 and the severity of periodontitis.

Methods: 271 subjects of Han nationality were selected, among them there were 182 cases of chronic periodontitis and 89 subjects of periodontal healthy control. Full periodontal examinations were taken including full-mouth clinical attachment loss measurements, probing depths and bleeding on probing.

[Experimental study on using mGTR and venous autografts to repair facial nerve defects in rabbits].

Objective: To observe and compare the effects of using mGTR and venous autografts to repair the defect of facial nerve in rabbits.

Methods: mGTR and venous autografts were performed on three groups of rabbits. Then physical and histological examinations were carried out to get the results of these two repair methods.