New abietane and tigliane diterpenoids from the roots of and their cytotoxic activities.

Three new abietane and two new tigliane diterpenoids were isolated from the roots Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and quantum chemical calculation. Compounds and exhibited the inhibitory activities against human cancer cells HeLa and HepG2, with IC ranging from 3.54 to 11.

Diverse gallotannins with α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory activity from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana steud.

A phytochemical investigation of the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud. led to the isolation of eleven undescribed gallotannins, fishertannins A-K, together with four known analogues. Their structures were elucidated by the comprehensive spectroscopic data including UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, and NMR, while the absolute configurations of the sugar moiety were determined by the acid hydrolysis and HPLC analyses.

Identification and Biosynthesis of Pro-Inflammatory Sulfonolipids from an Opportunistic Pathogen .

Sulfonolipids (SoLs) are a unique class of sphingolipids featuring a sulfonate group compared to other sphingolipids. However, the biological functions and biosynthesis of SoLs in human microbiota have been poorly understood. Here, we report the discovery and isolation of SoLs from a human opportunistic pathogen DSM16776.

[A new alkaloid from Ervatamia hainanensis].

In order to study the alkaloids from branches and leaves of Ervatamia hainanensis, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 and HPLC chromatography were used to obtain six alkaloids from the branches and leaves of E. hainanensis with use of. Based on the physicochemical properties and spectral data, their structures were identified as 10-hydroxydemethylhirsuteine(1), 3R-hydroxycoronaridine(2), 3-(2-oxopropyl)coronaridine(3), pandine(4), 16-epi-vobasine(5), and 16-epi-vobasinic acid(6).

Bufadienolides from the Eggs of the Toad and Their Antimelanoma Activities.

Toads produce potent toxins, named bufadienolides, to defend against their predators. Pharmacological research has revealed that bufadienolides are potential anticancer drugs. In this research, we reported nine bufadienolides from the eggs of the toad , including two new compounds ( and ).

Fischdiabietane A, an Antitumoral Diterpenoid Dimer Featuring an Unprecedented Carbon Skeleton from .

Fischdiabietane A (), a novel asymmetric diterpenoid dimer with a unique nonacyclic 6/6/6/5/7/6/6/6/6 ring system possessing unprecedented 2-oxaspiro[4.5]decane-1-one and 2-oxabicyclo[3.2.

Monoterpenoid indole alkaloids from the fruits of Gelsemium elegans and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Two novel monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), gelsechizines A-B (1-2), along with four known ones (3-6) were isolated from the fruits of Gelsemium elegans. Compound 1 features a new carbon skeleton with two additional carbon atoms forming a 4-methylpyridine unit. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by NMR, MS, X-ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations.

Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Animal studies implicate meningeal lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there is no direct evidence in humans to support this role. In this study, we used dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging to assess meningeal lymphatic flow in cognitively normal controls and patients with idiopathic PD (iPD) or atypical Parkinsonian (AP) disorders.

1β-OH-arenobufagin induces mitochondrial apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma through the suppression of mTOR signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Chansu, dried secretions from Bufonidae, has long been used for cancer treatment as a traditional Chinese medicine. In searching for effective anti-hepatoma agents from Chansu, our preliminary drug screening found that a bufadienolide, namely 1β-hydroxyl-arenobufagin (1β-OH-ABF), displays anti-hepatoma activities. However, the anti-hepatoma effects and molecular mechanisms of 1β-OH-ABF have not been defined.

Molecular mechanisms of bufadienolides and their novel strategies for cancer treatment.

Bufadienolides are cardioactive C24 steroids with an α-pyrone ring at position C17. In the last ten years, accumulating studies have revealed the anticancer activities of bufadienolides and their underlying mechanisms, such as induction of autophagy and apoptosis, cell cycle disruption, inhibition of angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness, and multidrug resistance reversal. As Na/K-ATPase inhibitors, bufadienolides have inevitable cardiotoxicity.

Triterpene saponins from the seeds of Erythrophleum fordii and their cytotoxic activities.

Erythrosides A-G, seven undescribed oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, were isolated from the seeds of Erythrophleum fordii. Their structures with absolute configurations were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis including one-dimensional [1D] and two-dimensional [2D] nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR], high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy [HR-ESI-MS] analysis, and chemical methods. Erythrosides A-G featured a diverse oligosaccharide chain containing 4-6 pentoses or hexoses at C-3 and a monoterpenic acid or a (E)-cinnamic acid unit at the C-21 position.

Alopecuroides A-E, Matrine-Type Alkaloid Dimers from the Aerial Parts of .

Five new matrine-type alkaloid dimers, alopecuroides A-E, were isolated from the aerial parts of . Alopecuroides A and B represent the first dimeric matrine-type alkaloids possessing a cyano group and an epoxy moiety. Alopecuroides C and D are dimeric matrine-type alkaloids connected via C-2-C-9' and C-10-C-3' bonds, respectively.

Xanthchrysones A-C: Rearranged Phenylpropanoyl-Phloroglucinol Dimers with Unusual Skeletons from .

Three pairs of dimeric phenylpropanoyl-phloroglucinol enantiomers, (+)- and (-)-xanthchrysones A-C [(+)- and (-)-], as well as their postulated biosynthetic precursors, were isolated and identified from the leaves of . Compound featured an unprecedented bis-phenylpropanoyl-benzo[]cyclopent[] oxepine tricyclic backbone. Compounds and represent the first examples of 1-(cyclopentylmethyl)-3-(3-phenylpropanoyl)benzene scaffold.

Jatrogricaine A: a new diterpenoid with a 5/6/6/4 carbon ring system from the stems of Jatropha podagrica.

Jatrogricaine A (1), a new diterpenoid possessing a 5/6/6/4 carbon ring system, together with eight known diterpenoids (2-9) were isolated from the stems of Jatropha podagrica. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods and the absolute configuration of 1 was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. All compounds were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, and compound 3 showed significant inhibitory effects against nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.

New cadinane sesquiterpenoids from .

Chemical investigation of the aerial parts of led to the isolation of eight sesquiterpenoids and ten diterpenoids, including five cadinane sesquiterpenoids (-), three bisabolene sesquiterpenoids (), nine -kaurane diterpenoids (-), and an abietane diterpenoid (). Among them, are new and feature a rare lactone or furan ring derived from C-6 isopropyl group side chain. Compound was isolated from genus for the first time, and was also the first example of abietane-type diterpenoids from this plant.

Anti-tumor effects and 3D-quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis of bufadienolides from toad venom.

Toad venom (venenum bufonis, also called Chan'su) has been widely used for centuries in China to treat different diseases, especially for cancer. Bufadienolides are mainly responsible for the anti-cancer effects of toad venom. However, systematic chemical composition and cytotoxicity as well as key pharmacophores of these bufadienolides from toad venom have not yet been defined clearly.

Rearranged Phloroglucinol-Monoterpenoid Adducts from Callistemon rigidus.

Callisretones A (1) and B (2), two rearranged phloroglucinol-monoterpenoid adducts featuring an unprecedented isopropylcyclopenta[b]benzofuran backbone, together with their postulated biosynthetic precursors (3-9), were isolated from Callistemon rigidus. The previously assigned absolute configurations of viminalins H (7), L (8), and N (9) were revised and unequivocally established by X-ray diffraction data. A putative biosynthetic pathway toward callisretones A and B involving the rearrangement of the terpenoid motif is proposed.

Erratum: Identification of Na/K-ATPase inhibition-independent proarrhythmic ionic mechanisms of cardiac glycosides.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Identification of Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition-independent proarrhythmic ionic mechanisms of cardiac glycosides.

The current study explored the Na/K-ATPase (NKA) inhibition-independent proarrhythmic mechanisms of cardiac glycosides (CGs) which are well-known NKA inhibitors. With the cytosolic Ca chelated by EGTA and BAPTA or extracellular Ca replaced by Ba, effects of bufadienolides (bufalin (BF) and cinobufagin (CBG)) and cardenolides (ouabain (Oua) and pecilocerin A (PEA)) on the L-type calcium current (I ) were recorded in heterologous expression Cav1.2-CHO cells and human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hESC-CMs).

Bufospirostenin A and Bufogargarizin C, Steroids with Rearranged Skeletons from the Toad Bufo bufo gargarizans.

Bufospirostenin A (1) and bufogargarizin C (2), two novel steroids with rearranged A/B rings, were isolated from the toad Bufo bufo gargarizans. Compound 1 represents the first spirostanol found in animals. Compound 2 is an unusual bufadienolide with a cycloheptatriene B ring.

A comparative analysis of chemical compositions in Camellia sinensis var. puanensis Kurihara, a novel Chinese tea, by HPLC and UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

Camellia sinensis var. puanensis Kurihara (Puan tea) is a kind of ancient tea plant newly found in Jiangxipo and the surrounding areas of Puan County (Guizhou, China). People there always believe that drinking Puan tea is beneficial to the promotion of health and prevention of diseases.

[Screening and follow-up treatment of 160 046 neonates with congenital adrenal hyperplasia in Ningxia, China].

Objective: To investigate the incidence of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and treatment outcomes in neonates in Ningxia, China.

Methods: The clinical data of CAH screening for 160 046 neonates who were born in midwifery institutions in Ningxia from July 2014 to March 2016 were analyzed.

Results: Among the 160 046 neonates who underwent CAH screening, 70 (0.

Meroterpenoids with New Skeletons from Myrtus communis and Structure Revision of Myrtucommulone K.

Five sesquiterpene-based meroterpenoids with three kinds of new skeletons [1, 2, 3, (+)-4, and (-)-4] were isolated from the leaves of Myrtus communis. Compound 1 featured a new carbon skeleton with an unprecedented octahydrospiro[bicyclo[7.2.