Exosomes derived from diabetic microenvironment-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and inhibit pyroptosis of hepatocytes.

Aim: Pyroptosis, a type of programmed cell death, is a key mechanism underlying non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) have the potential to ameliorate NAFLD, an effect that is enhanced by curcumin preconditioning. We previously reported that diabetic microenvironment preconditioning enhances the secretion capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of MSCs.

Cu(I)-Induced 'Click Reaction' Involving Coordination and Covalent Assembly of Hybrid Borates for the Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

The design and synthesis of hybrid borates by the organic ligand modification method are urgent and undeveloped areas of research. It is difficult to directly integrate organoboronic acids within inorganic borate chemistry by adopting the traditional preparation approaches. This work reports a facile synthetic method to synthesize a large family of pyrazole molecule-protected borates in a rapid and precise manner under mild conditions.

Development of a cost-effective confocal Raman microscopy with high sensitivity.

Confocal Raman microscopy is a powerful technique for identifying materials and molecular species; however, the signal from Raman scattering is extremely weak. Typically, handheld Raman instruments are cost-effective but less sensitive, while high-end scientific-grade Raman instruments are highly sensitive but extremely expensive. This limits the widespread use of Raman technique in our daily life.

Advances in macrophage metabolic reprogramming in myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the leading cause of death worldwide, and reperfusion therapy is a critical therapeutic approach to reduce myocardial ischemic injury and minimize infarct size. However, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) itself also causes myocardial injury, and inflammation is an essential mechanism by which it leads to myocardial injury, with macrophages as crucial immune cells in this process. Macrophages are innate immune cells that maintain tissue homeostasis, host defence during pathogen infection, and repair during tissue injury.

[Exploration and practice of ideological and political education in instrumental analysis courses: a case study on chromatography course teaching].

Instrumental analysis is an important professional course for many chemistry majors. Its teaching content is rich, diverse and is closely related to daily life. Moreover, this course contains a large number of ideological and political resources.

Enhancing CO electroreduction to ethylene microenvironment regulation in boron-imidazolate frameworks.

Using the structure-induced effect of KBH(mim) ligand, four 2-dimensional (2D) boron imidazolate frameworks with identical body framework and different dangling monocarboxylate ligands, have been synthesized. Electrocatalytic results indicate that the surrounding microenvironment regulation could effectively affect the activity and selectivity towards CH. BIF-151 showed the highest electrocatalytic performances with the Faraday efficiency (FE) of 25.

Asymmetric Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Platensilin, Platensimycin, Platencin, and Their Analogs via a Bioinspired Skeletal Reconstruction Approach.

Platensilin, platensimycin, and platencin are potent inhibitors of β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase (FabF) in the bacterial and mammalian fatty acid synthesis system, presenting promising drug leads for both antibacterial and antidiabetic therapies. Herein, a bioinspired skeleton reconstruction approach is reported, which enables the unified synthesis of these three natural FabF inhibitors and their skeletally diverse analogs, all stemming from a common -pimarane core. The synthesis features a diastereoselective biocatalytic reduction and an intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction to prepare the common -pimarane core.

Ovarian Microcystic Stromal Tumor with Significant Nestin Expression: A Unique Case.

Ovary microcystic stromal tumor (MCST) is an extremely rare subtype of sex cord-stromal neoplasm, and only 57 cases have been reported. We herein report a unique case of ovarian MCST with positive nestin expression in a 39-year-old Chinese woman. The tumor showed microcystic stromal histological structures and characteristically expressed the CD10, WT-1, and Ki67 proteins.

[Effects of growth patterns and years on quality of Saposhnikoviae Radix samples].

This study aims to reveal the effects of different growth patterns and years on the quality of Saposhnikoviae Radix samples. The apparent colors of the powder samples were quantified by a colorimeter, and the total color values(E~*ab) were calculated. The content of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin, cimifugin, 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, and 3'-O-angeloylhamaudol in the samples was simultaneously determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).

Enhancing Electroreduction CO to Hydrocarbons via Tandem Electrocatalysis by Incorporation Cu NPs in Boron Imidazolate Frameworks.

Due to the higher value of deeply-reduced products, electrocatalytic CO reduction reaction (CO RR) to multi-electron-transfer products has received more attention. One attractive strategy is to decouple individual steps within the complicated pathway via multi-component catalysts design in the concept of tandem catalysts. Here, a composite of Cu@BIF-144(Zn) (BIF = boron imidazolate framework) is synthesized by using an anion framework BIF-144(Zn) as host to impregnate Cu ions that are further reduced to Cu nanoparticles (NPs) via in situ electrochemical transformation.

[Drug treatment efficacy in 32 children with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome].

Objectives: To study the efficacy of different drug treatment regimens in children with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS).

Methods: Clinical data of children diagnosed with STSS confirmed by bacterial culture and treated in Hunan Children's Hospital and Chenzhou First People's Hospital from January 2009 to April 2023 were retrospectively collected. The efficacy of different drug treatment regimens was analyzed.

Identification of natural product inhibitors of PTP1B based on high-throughput virtual screening strategy: In silico, in vitro and in vivo studies.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) is a key negative regulator of the insulin signaling pathway, which is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In this study, we identified several PTP1B inhibitors with high activity by using high-throughput virtual screening and in vitro enzyme inhibition activity verification strategies. Among them, baicalin was first reported as a selective mixed inhibitor of PTP1B, with IC value of 3.

Corrigendum: A potential screening index of corneal biomechanics in healthy subjects, forme fruste keratoconus patients and clinical keratoconus patients.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.

The complete mitochondrial genome of (Forel 1901) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) and its phylogenetic relationship.

(Forel 1901) is an important arboreal ant species commonly found on (Carr.) in Lishui, Zhejiang, China. This study analyzed the mitochondrial genome sequence of and discussed its phylogenetic relationship in Hymenoptera.

Induction of Chirality in Boron Imidazolate Frameworks: The Structure-Directing Effects of Substituents.

By enhancing steric hindrance of substituents on the imidazole ring, the fan-shaped molecule of a tridentate boron imidazolate ligand (KBH(2-ipim), 2-ipim = 2-isopropylimidazolate) with racemic chirality was obtained. Then, seven novel boron imidazolate frameworks (BIFs) were prepared by mixing KBH(2-ipim) ligands with various derivatives of benzene carboxylic acid under solvothermal conditions. All of these seven materials contain a ladder-like zinc-boron-imidazolate chain as a basic building block, and the ligand BH(2-ipim) exists in the same handedness in one chain.

Impact of metabolic syndrome and systemic inflammation on endothelial function in postmenopausal women.

Objective: Data on the impact of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and systemic inflammation on endothelial function remains scarce. In this study, we aimed to investigate the combined effects of MetS and systemic inflammation on endothelial function in postmenopausal women.

Methods: We identified 423 postmenopausal women from February 2019 through July 2020.

Hollow urchin-shaped manganese dioxide microspheres immobilized acetylcholinesterase for rapid screening inhibitors from traditional herbal medicines.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is generally considered to be a valuable therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease (AD). To rapidly screen novel AChE inhibitors from Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), polydopamine (PDA) coated hollow urchin-shaped manganese dioxide microspheres (h-MnO@PDA) were fabricated in this work. AChE was immobilized onto the surface of h-MnO@PDA for the first time, and the prepared h-MnO@PDA immobilized AChE coupled with capillary electrophoresis (CE) was applied to AChE inhibitor screening.

A Potential Screening Index of Corneal Biomechanics in Healthy Subjects, Forme Fruste Keratoconus Patients and Clinical Keratoconus Patients.

This study aims to evaluate the validity of corneal elastic modulus (E) calculated from corneal visualization Scheimpflug technology (Corvis ST) in diagnosing keratoconus (KC) and forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC). Fifty KC patients (50 eyes), 36 FFKC patients (36 eyes, the eyes were without morphological abnormality, while the contralateral eye was diagnosed as clinical keratoconus), and 50 healthy patients (50 eyes) were enrolled and underwent Corvis measurements. We calculated E according to the relation between airpuff force and corneal apical displacement.

Recent progress in silk fibroin-based flexible electronics.

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the emergence of 5G, traditional silicon-based electronics no longer fully meet market demands such as nonplanar application scenarios due to mechanical mismatch. This provides unprecedented opportunities for flexible electronics that bypass the physical rigidity through the introduction of flexible materials. In recent decades, biological materials with outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability, which are considered some of the most promising candidates for next-generation flexible electronics, have received increasing attention, e.