A penta-component mpox mRNA vaccine induces protective immunity in nonhuman primates.

The recent worldwide outbreaks of mpox prioritize the development of a safe and effective mRNA vaccine. The contemporary mpox virus (MPXV) exhibits changing virological and epidemiological features, notably affecting populations already vulnerable to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Herein, we profile the immunogenicity of AR-MPXV5, a penta-component mRNA vaccine targeting five specific proteins (M1R, E8L, A29L, A35R, and B6R) from the representative contemporary MPXV clade II strain, in both naive and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected nonhuman primates.

Radiosurgery versus observation for brainstem cavernous malformations: a 5-year multicentre cohort study.

The role of radiosurgery in preventing haemorrhage in brainstem cavernous malformations remains a subject of debate. This study aims to evaluate whether radiosurgery provides a protective benefit against haemorrhage in these patients. This multicentre, prospective observational study was conducted in 17 centres and enrolled eligible patients with brainstem cavernous malformations consecutively.

Stability and chemical bonding in a series of inverse sandwich actinide boride clusters (AnB) with δ bonding.

An inverse sandwich structure has been computationally predicted for uranium boride and extended to the series of actinide elements (An) from Th to Cm. The electronic structure and chemical bonding of these novel compounds have been analyzed using density functional theory and multireference wave-function based methods. We report the trends in electronic structure and bonding for AnB, and found that (d-π)π and (d-p)δ are the most important factors in the stability of AnB.

[Effect of Exogenous Chitosan on Physiological Properties, Antioxidant Activity, and Cadmium Uptake of Wheat ( L.) Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress].

This research aimed to clarify the effects of exogenously applied chitosan on the physiological characteristics, antioxidant activities, and Cd accumulation of wheat ( L.) seedlings under cadmium (Cd) stress and to identify the key indicators based on the partial least squares model. The wheat variety studied was Bainong207 (BN207), and Cd-stress was achieved by growing seedlings in a hydroponic culture experiment with 10 and 25 μmol·L Cd added to the culture solution.

Microstructure Evolution, Hot Deformation Behavior and Processing Maps of an FeCrAl Alloy.

The deteriorated plasticity arising from the insoluble precipitates may lead to cracks during the rolling of FeCrAl alloys. The microstructure evolution and hot deformation behavior of an FeCrAl alloy were investigated in the temperature range of 750-1200 °C and strain rate range of 0.01-10 s.

Half of the O enrichment of leaf sucrose is conserved in leaf cellulose of a C grass across atmospheric humidity and CO levels.

The O enrichment (ΔO) of cellulose (ΔO) is recognized as a unique archive of past climate and plant function. However, there is still uncertainty regarding the proportion of oxygen in cellulose (p) that exchanges post-photosynthetically with medium water of cellulose synthesis. Particularly, recent research with C grasses demonstrated that the ΔO of leaf sucrose (ΔO, the parent substrate for cellulose synthesis) can be much higher than predicted from daytime ΔO of leaf water (ΔO), which could alter conclusions on photosynthetic versus post-photosynthetic effects on ΔO via p.

[Mitigative Effect of Rare Earth Element Cerium on the Growth of Zinc-stressed Wheat （ L.）Seedlings].

This research aimed to clarify the mitigative effect of exogenously applied rare earth element cerium （Ce） on the growth， zinc （Zn） accumulation， and physiological characteristics of wheat （ L.） seedlings under Zn stress. The wheat variety studied was Bainong307 （BN307）， and Zn stress was achieved by growing seedlings in a hydroponic culture experiment with 500 μmol·L Zn added to the culture solution.

[Effects of Exogenous Zinc on Growth and Root Architecture Classification of Maize Seedlings Under Cadmium Stress].

To explore the effects of different concentrations of zinc （Zn） on the growth and root architecture classification of maize seedlings under cadmium （Cd） stress， a hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the effects of different concentrations of Zn （0， 10， 25， 50， 100， 200， and 400 μmol·L） on the growth， root architecture and classification characteristics， Cd content， root Cd uptake capacity， and photosynthetic system of maize seedlings under Cd stress （50 μmol·L） by using Zhengdan 958 as the experimental material. Principal component analysis and the membership function method were used for comprehensive evaluation. The results showed that the 50 μmol·L Cd stress had a significant toxic effect on maize seedlings， which significantly reduced chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters.

Distinguishing the Geometric and Electronic Structures of Actinide Carbides AnC (An = Th, U; = 2, 3) through Exchange Interactions.

Global-minimum optimizations combined with relativistic quantum chemistry calculations have been performed to characterize the ground-state stable structures of four titled compounds and to analyze the bonding properties. ThC was identified as being a ThC-Th(C) structure, UC has been found to favor the U-U(C) structure, and both ThC and UC adopt the (AnC)-(AnC) structure. Then, the wave function analyses reveal that the interactions between the Th 7-based orbital and the σ molecular orbital of the C unit compensate for the excitation energy of 76 → 6 and lead to the stabilization of two Th(IV)s in the ThC-Th(C) structure.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of superficial parotidectomy and partial superficial parotidectomy for benign parotid tumours: a meta-analysis.

Objective: To quantify the results of superficial parotidectomy (SP) and partial SP (PSP) for benign parotid tumours using a systematic evaluation method.

Methods: A systematic search of English and Chinese databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Network, Wanfang and Vipshop) was conducted to include studies comparing the treatment outcomes of SP with PSP.

Results: Twenty-three qualified, high-quality studies involving 2844 patients were included in this study.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals candidate genes related to the sex differentiation of Schisandra chinensis.

Schisandra chinensis is a monoecious plant with unisex flowers. The fruit of S. chinensis is of high medical with economic value.

δ13C of bulk organic matter and cellulose reveal post-photosynthetic fractionation during ontogeny in C4 grass leaves.

The 13C isotope composition (δ13C) of leaf dry matter is a useful tool for physiological and ecological studies. However, how post-photosynthetic fractionation associated with respiration and carbon export influences δ13C remains uncertain. We investigated the effects of post-photosynthetic fractionation on δ13C of mature leaves of Cleistogenes squarrosa, a perennial C4 grass, in controlled experiments with different levels of vapour pressure deficit and nitrogen supply.

[One-step generation of droplet-filled hydrogel microfibers for 3D cell culture using an all-aqueous microfluidic system].

Hydrogel microfibers, which are characterized by flexible mechanical properties, a uniform spatial distribution, large surface areas, and excellent biocompatibility, hold great potential for various biomedical applications. However, the fabrication of heterogeneous hydrogel microfibers with high cell-loading capacity and the ability to carry multiple components via an environmentally friendly method remains challenging. In this study, we developed a novel pneumatic pump-assisted all-aqueous microfluidic system that enables the one-step fabrication of all-aqueous droplet-filled hydrogel microfibers with unique morphologies and adjustable configurations.

Effect of bladder filling status on positioning errors in post-hysterectomy cervical cancer radiotherapy.

To investigate the effect of different bladder filling states on positioning errors in radiotherapy for cervical cancer and obtain the reference range of bladder filling consistency during radiotherapy. Patients who underwent postoperative radiotherapy for cervical cancer in Nantong Tumor Hospital from October 2018 to December 2019 were selected. According to the bladder filling deviation, they were divided into group A1 (deviation < 20%) and group B1 (deviation ≥ 20%).

Attitudes and influencing factors associated with smoking cessation: An online cross-sectional survey in China.

Introduction: Quitting smoking, the critical path to reach the global targets of reducing tobacco use, can bring major and immediate health benefits to smokers. Exploring factors that help individuals to quit smoking is of great importance. The present study explored influencing factors on smoking cessation, in order to provide comprehensive reference for tobacco control policies.

HSF1 is a novel prognostic biomarker in high-risk prostate cancer that correlates with ferroptosis.

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in older men in Europe and the United States and has the second highest death rate among male cancers. The transcription of heat shock proteins by Heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) is known to regulate cell growth and stress. Nevertheless, the impact of HSF1 on ferroptosis in PC through heat shock protein 10 (HSPE1) remains unexplored.

Inhibition of FGFR3 upregulates MHC-I and PD-L1 via TLR3/NF-kB pathway in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: Improving the potency of immune response is paramount among issues concerning immunotherapy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).

Methods: On the basis of immune subtypes, we investigated possible molecular mechanisms involved in tumor immune escape in MIBC. According to the 312 immune-related genes, three MIBC immune subtypes were clustered.

Corrigendum: The epithelial to mesenchymal transition related gene calumenin is an adverse prognostic factor of bladder cancer correlated with tumor microenvironment remodeling, gene mutation, and ferroptosis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.