Mechanisms of Cadmium stress response in watermelon: Insights from physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolic analyses.

Cadmium (Cd) contamination of soil may lead to Cd stress for plants, which significantly hinders plant growth and development, posing a risk to human health through the consumption of Cd-contaminated foods. Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), a widely consumed fruit, is particularly affected by Cd stress globally, yet the mechanisms underlying its response are not well understood. Here, we subjected watermelon seedlings to simulated Cd stress treatment and explored the physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolic response.

Comparative microbiome analysis reveals the variation in microbial communities between 'Kyoho' grape and its bud mutant variety.

Microbes are an important part of the vineyard ecosystem, which significantly influence the quality of grapes. Previously, we identified a bud mutant variety (named 'Fengzao') from 'Kyoho' grapes. The variation of microbial communities in grape and its bud mutant variety has not been studied yet.

Identification of watermelon H3K4 and H3K27 genes and their expression profiles during watermelon fruit development.

Background: The ClaH3K4s and ClaH3K27s gene families are subfamilies of the SET family, each with a highly conserved SET structure domain and a PHD structural domain. Both participate in histone protein methylation, which affects the chromosome structure and gene expression, and is essential for fruit growth and development.

Methods And Results: In order to demonstrate the structure and expression characteristics of ClaH3K4s and ClaH3K27s in watermelon, members of the watermelon H3K4 and H3K27 gene families were identified, and their chromosomal localization, gene structure, and protein structural domains were analyzed.

Proteome-Wide Identification of Non-histone Lysine Methylation during Grape Berry Ripening.

To gain a comprehensive understanding of non-histone methylation during berry ripening in grape ( L.), the methylation of non-histone lysine residues was studied using a 4D label-free quantitative proteomics approach. In total, 822 methylation sites in 416 methylated proteins were identified, with xxExxx_K_xxxxxx as the conserved motif.

Genome-wide characterization of long terminal repeat retrotransposons provides insights into trait evolution of four cucurbit species.

Cucurbits are a diverse plant family that includes economically important crops, such as cucumber, watermelon, melon, and pumpkin. Knowledge of the roles that long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) have played in diversification of cucurbit species is limited; to add to understanding of the roles of LTR-RTs, we assessed their distributions in four cucurbit species. We identified 381, 578, 1086, and 623 intact LTR-RTs in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.

Dissection of the Pearl of Csaba pedigree identifies key genomic segments related to early ripening in grape.

Pearl of Csaba (PC) is a valuable backbone parent for early-ripening grapevine (Vitis vinifera) breeding, from which many excellent early ripening varieties have been bred. However, the genetic basis of the stable inheritance of its early ripening trait remains largely unknown. Here, the pedigree, consisting of 40 varieties derived from PC, was re-sequenced for an average depth of ∼30×.

DNA methylation reprogramming provides insights into light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in red pear.

DNA methylation, an epigenetic mark, is proposed to regulate plant anthocyanin biosynthesis. It well known that light induces anthocyanin accumulation, with bagging treatments commonly used to investigate light-controlled anthocyanin biosynthesis. We studied the DNA methylome landscape during pear skin coloration under various conditions (fruits re-exposed to sunlight after bag removal).

A simple and efficient protocol for transient transformation of sliced grape berries.

Grape is an economically important crop but recalcitrant to Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and in vitro regeneration. Here, we have developed a protocol for transient transformation of grapes by investigating the effects of explant pre-culture and duration of vacuum infiltration on transformation efficiency. Using sliced grape berries of "Shine-Muscat" (Vitis labrusca × Vitis vinifera) between the end of fruit expansion phase and the mature stage as explants, we firstly compared the effect of pre-culture explants into a susceptible state (incubation on Murashige and Skoog (MS) agar plate in the dark at 25 ± 1 °C for 48 h) with no pre-culture and then tested different vacuum infiltration times on transformation efficiency using β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter system.

Large-scale discovery of non-conventional peptides in grape ( L.) through peptidogenomics.

Non-conventional peptides (NCPs), which are peptides derived from previously unannotated coding sequences, play important biological roles in plants. In this study, we used peptidogenomic methods that integrated mass spectrometry (MS) peptidomics and a six-frame translation database to extensively identify NCPs in grape. In total, 188 and 2021 non-redundant peptides from the and L.

Identification of grape H3K4 genes and their expression profiles during grape fruit ripening and postharvest ROS treatment.

Fruit development is modified by different types of epigenetics. Histone methylation is an important way of epigenetic modification. Eight genes related to H3K4 methyltransferase, named VvH3K4s, were identified and isolated from the grape genome based on conserved domain analysis, which could be divided into 3 categories by the phylogenetic relationship.

[Study on catalytic oxidation of benzene by microwave heating].

The performance in catalytic oxidation of benzene was investigated in two different heating modes, microwave heating and conventional electric furnace heating. The effects of copper (Cu)-manganese (Mn) mass ratio, doping dose of cerium (Ce) and calcination temperature on the catalytic activity of Cu-Mn-Ce/molecular sieve catalyst were also checked in catalytic oxidation of benzene with microwave heating, and the catalysts were subsequently characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that the catalyst had better catalytic activity for the oxidation of benzene under microwave heating than electric furnace heating, and high oxidation efficiency for benzene was reached due to the "local hot spots" and dipole polarization effect of microwave and stable bed reaction temperature.

Color Doppler flow imaging diagnosis and treatment selection for erectile dysfunction.

Background: Targeted therapy for erectile dysfunction (ED) involves fewer screening tests and provides a variety of treatment choices for patients. Although the advantage of targeted therapy in diagnosis and therapy for ED has been recognized, the rational mode for oriented ED therapy has not been established. This study aimed to investigate targeted diagnosis and therapy for ED.

Respiratory failure following delayed intrathecal morphine pump refill: a valuable, but costly lesson.

Background: Spinal analgesia, mediated by opioid receptors, requires only a fraction of the opioid dose that is needed systemically. By infusing a small amount of opioid into the cerebrospinal fluid in close proximity to the receptor sites in the spinal cord, profound analgesia may be achieved while sparing some of the side effects due to systemic opioids. Intraspinal drug delivery (IDD) has been increasingly used in patients with intractable chronic pain, when these patients have developed untoward side effects with systemic opioid usage.

[Value of degree diagnosis with color Doppler flow imaging in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction].

Objective: To study the value of degree diagnosis with color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in the treatment of male erectile dysfunction (ED).

Methods: After CDFI and intracavernosal vasoactive agent injection (ICI) with papaverine 60 mg and prostaglandin E(1) 10 microg, 198 male ED patients were divided into 4 groups by their penile stiffness based on the Schramek criterion. The therapeutic methods such as antibiotics for prostatitis, sexual behavior therapy, sildenafil, vacuum constriction device (VCD), vena fistula repairing operation, prosthetic implantation and enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) were recommended to the patients according to their different penile stiffness degree and their different preferences.

Persistent hiccup associated with intrathecal morphine infusion pump therapy.

Intraspinal drug-delivery therapy has been increasingly used in patients with intractable nonmalignant pain syndromes during the past two decades. Morphine, the only FDA-approved opioid for intrathecal administration, has been the principle agent for such therapy. Although intrathecal morphine infusion can produce profound spinal analgesia, it may also cause some untoward side effects.