[Advances in roles of Parabacteroides distasonis and its regulation by traditional Chinese medicines].

Parabacteroides distasonis is a gram-negative bacterium initially isolated from a clinical specimen in the 1930s. The strain was re-classified to form the new genus Parabacteroides in 2006. P.

Gut microbiome and metabolites mediate the benefits of caloric restriction in mice after acute kidney injury.

The role of gut microbiome in acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasing recognized. Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to enhance the resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury to the kidneys in rodents. Nonetheless, it is unknown whether intestinal microbiota mediated CR protection against ischemic/reperfusion-induced injury (IRI) in the kidneys.

Ameliorates Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Diabetic Mice by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism via the Gut-Liver Axis.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic syndrome characterized by chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and islet cell damage. The prevention of T2DM and its associated complications is an urgent public health issue that affects hundreds of millions of people globally. Numerous studies suggest that disturbances in gut metabolites are important driving forces for the pathogenesis of diabetes.

Pharmacology of Hydrogen Sulfide and Its Donors in Cardiometabolic Diseases.

Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are major contributors to global mortality, emphasizing the critical need for novel therapeutic interventions. Hydrogen sulfide (HS) has garnered enormous attention as a significant gasotransmitter with various physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological impacts within mammalian cardiometabolic systems. In addition to its roles in attenuating oxidative stress and inflammatory response, burgeoning research emphasizes the significance of HS in regulating proteins via persulfidation, a well known modification intricately associated with the pathogenesis of CMDs.

Vaccarin alleviates septic cardiomyopathy by potentiating NLRP3 palmitoylation and inactivation.

Background: Sepsis often leads to significant morbidity and mortality due to severe myocardial injury. As is known, the activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome crucially contributes to septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) by facilitating the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The removal of palmitoyl groups from NLRP3 is a crucial step in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Cichoric acid ameliorates sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by inhibiting M1 macrophage polarization.

Cichoric acid (CA), a widely utilized polyphenolic compound in medicine, has garnered significant attention due to its potential health benefits. Sepsis-induced acute kidney disease (AKI) is related with an elevated risk of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). However, it remains unclear whether CA provides protection against septic AKI.

Deficiency of neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (NCEH1) impairs endothelial function in diet-induced diabetic mice.

Background: Neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase 1 (NCEH1) plays a critical role in the regulation of cholesterol ester metabolism. Deficiency of NCHE1 accelerated atherosclerotic lesion formation in mice. Nonetheless, the role of NCEH1 in endothelial dysfunction associated with diabetes has not been explored.

A Multi-dimensional Data Mining-based Study on the Prescriptions Developed by Professor Xu Zhiyin in Treating Thyroid Nodules.

Objectives: In this study, we employed a multi-dimensional data mining approach to examine the clinical instances where Professor Xu Zhiyin treated thyroid nodules. Our aim is to understand the patterns of symptoms, underlying causes, and treatment approaches used for thyroid nodules. By doing so, the intention is to distill the essential aspects, compile Professor Xu Zhiyin's clinical insights, and investigate his scholarly perspectives.

Disrupted cardiac fibroblast BCAA catabolism contributes to diabetic cardiomyopathy via a periostin/NAP1L2/SIRT3 axis.

Background: Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein that plays a critical role in cell fate determination and tissue remodeling, but the underlying role and mechanism of periostin in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) are far from clear. Thus, we aimed to clarify the mechanistic participation of periostin in DCM.

Methods: The expression of periostin was examined in DCM patients, diabetic mice and high glucose (HG)-exposed cardiac fibroblasts (CF).

Chicoric acid ameliorates sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy via regulating macrophage metabolism reprogramming.

Background: Sepsis-related cardiac dysfunction is believed to be a primary cause of high morbidity and mortality. Metabolic reprogramming is closely linked to NLRP3 inflammasome activation and dysregulated glycolysis in activated macrophages, leading to inflammatory responses in septic cardiomyopathy. Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) and succinate play critical roles in the progression of metabolic reprogramming in macrophages.

Importance of accurate diagnosis of congenital agenesis of the gallbladder from atypical gallbladder stone presentations: A case report.

Background: Congenital agenesis of the gallbladder (CAGB) is a rare condition often misdiagnosed as cholecystolithiasis, leading to unnecessary surgeries. Accurate diagnosis and surgical exploration are crucial in patients with suspected CAGB or atypical gallbladder stone symptoms. Preoperative imaging, such as magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), plays a vital role in confirming the diagnosis.

DR region of NKAα1 is a target to ameliorate hepatic lipid metabolism disturbance in obese mice.

Background: Na/K-ATPase (NKA), an ion pumping enzyme ubiquitously expressed in various cells, is critically involved in cellular ion homeostasis and signal transduction. However, the role of NKA in hepatic lipid homeostasis has yet to be fully characterized.

Methods: The activity of NKA and NKAα1 expression were determined in steatotic cells, mice and patients.

Hydrogen sulfide in health and diseases: cross talk with noncoding RNAs.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is previously described as a potentially lethal toxic gas. However, this gasotransmitter is also endogenously generated by the actions of cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MST) in mammalian systems, thus belonging to the family of gasotransmitters after nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). The physiological or pathological significance of HS has been extensively expanded for decades.

Polysulfide Protects Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy Through Sulfhydration of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ and Sirtuin 3.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. However, the effective therapy for DCM is still lacking. Polysulfide contains chains of sulfur atoms, and accumulative evidence has shown that it actively participates in mammalian physiology or pathophysiology.

Hydrogen Sulfide in Diabetic Complications Revisited: The State of the Art, Challenges, and Future Directions.

Diabetes and its related complications are becoming an increasing public health problem that affects hundreds of millions of people globally. Increased disability and mortality rate of diabetic individuals are closely associated with various life-threatening complications, such as atherosclerosis, nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiomyopathy. Conventional treatments for diabetes are still limited because of undesirable side effects, including obesity, hypoglycemia, and hepatic and renal toxicity.

A dual Keap1 and p47 inhibitor Ginsenoside Rb1 ameliorates high glucose/ox-LDL-induced endothelial cell injury and atherosclerosis.

Oxidative stress is a vital contributor to the development and progression of diabetes-accelerated atherosclerosis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a well-known molecule that participates in cellular defense against oxidative stress. Utilizing luciferase reporter assay from 379 natural products, we reported here that Ginsenoside Rb1 played a dual role in inhibiting Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) and p47 luciferase reporter activities.

Benefits of Curcumin in the Vasculature: A Therapeutic Candidate for Vascular Remodeling in Arterial Hypertension and Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension?

Growing evidence suggests that hypertension is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality since uncontrolled high blood pressure increases the risk of myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, hemorrhagic stroke, and chronic kidney disease. Impaired vascular homeostasis plays a critical role in the development of hypertension-induced vascular remodeling. Abnormal behaviors of vascular cells are not only a pathological hallmark of hypertensive vascular remodeling, but also an important pathological basis for maintaining reduced vascular compliance in hypertension.

Therapeutic potential of carbon monoxide in hypertension-induced vascular smooth muscle cell damage revisited: From physiology and pharmacology.

As a chronic and progressive disorder, hypertension remains to be a serious public health problem around the world. Among the different types of hypertension, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating disease associated with pulmonary arteriole remodeling, right ventricular failure and death. The contemporary management of systemic hypertension and PAH has substantially grown since more therapeutic targets and/or agents have been developed.

A narrative review of plant and herbal medicines for delaying diabetic atherosclerosis: an update and future perspectives.

Due to their high prevalence and incidence, diabetes and atherosclerosis are increasingly becoming global public health concerns. Atherosclerosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and disability in type 1 and/or type 2 diabetes patients. Atherosclerosis risk in diabetic patients is obviously higher than that of non-diabetic individuals.

An Updated Insight Into Molecular Mechanism of Hydrogen Sulfide in Cardiomyopathy and Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury Under Diabetes.

Cardiovascular diseases are the most common complications of diabetes, and diabetic cardiomyopathy is a major cause of people death in diabetes. Molecular, transcriptional, animal, and clinical studies have discovered numerous therapeutic targets or drugs for diabetic cardiomyopathy. Within this, hydrogen sulfide (HS), an endogenous gasotransmitter alongside with nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO), is found to play a critical role in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

The Role of HS in the Metabolism of Glucose and Lipids.

Glucose and lipids are essential elements for maintaining the body's homeostasis, and their dysfunction may participate in the pathologies of various diseases, particularly diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular ailments, and cancers. Among numerous endogenous mediators, the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (HS) plays a central role in the maintenance of glucose and lipid homeostasis. Current evidence from both pharmacological studies and transgenic animal models suggest a complex relationship between HS and metabolic dysregulation, especially in diabetes and obesity.