Effect of Penetration Enhancer on the Structure of Stratum Corneum: On-Site Study by Confocal Polarized Raman Imaging.

Keratin and lipid structures in the stratum corneum (SC) are closely related to the SC barrier function. The application of penetration enhancers (PEs) disrupts the structure of SC, thereby promoting infiltration. To quantify these PE-induced structural changes in SC, we used confocal Raman imaging (CRI) and polarized Raman imaging (PRI) to explore the integrity and continuity of keratin and lipid structures in SC.

ADAM and ADAMTS disintegrin and metalloproteinases as major factors and molecular targets in vascular malfunction and disease.

A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase (ADAM) and A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs (ADAMTS) are two closely related families of proteolytic enzymes. ADAMs are largely membrane-bound enzymes that act as molecular scissors or sheddases of membrane-bound proteins, growth factors, cytokines, receptors and ligands, whereas ADAMTS are mainly secreted enzymes. ADAMs have a pro-domain, and a metalloproteinase, disintegrin, cysteine-rich and transmembrane domain.

An Efficient -Mediated Transformation Method for Hybrid Poplar 84K ( × ) Using Calli as Explants.

A highly efficient -mediated transformation method is needed for the molecular study of model tree species such as hybrid poplar 84K ( × cv. '84K'). In this study, we report a callus-based transformation method that exhibits high efficiency and reproducibility.

Cullin 4B regulates cell survival and apoptosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma as a target of microRNA-217.

Cullin 4B (CUL4B) was reported to be closely related to the progression of some tumors, but its function in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) has not been reported. Our present study found CUL4B was upregulated in ccRCC, and CUL4B knockdown markedly inhibited ccRCC cell growth and induced apoptosis. In addition, CUL4B knockdown markedly inhibited antiapoptotic proteins' expression in ccRCC cells, including Mcl-1 and Bcl-2, and silenced CUL4B also induced the cleavages of PARP, an important index of apoptosis.

Comparative risks and predictors of preeclamptic pregnancy in the Eastern, Western and developing world.

Preeclampsia (PE) is a complication of pregnancy characterized by hypertension (HTN-Preg), and often proteinuria. If not managed promptly, PE could lead to eclampsia and seizures. PE could also lead to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and prematurity at birth.

Artesunate ameliorates DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by protecting intestinal barrier and inhibiting inflammatory response.

There are very few reports on the protective effect of artesunate (ARS) in ulcerative colitis (UC). This study focused on the efficacy of ARS on intestinal barrier, inflammatory response, and potential mechanism in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis in mice. The results suggested that ARS treatment markedly alleviated DSS-induced clinical symptoms by relieving body weight loss, the disease activity index (DAI) score, and preventing colonic shortening.

[Scenario simulation of ecosystem service trade-offs in bay cities: A case study in Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China].

Bay cities have abundant land-sea resources and higher environmental carrying capacity. The high density of population and industry surrounding the bay makes bay cities a type of ecologically fragile areas. With Quanzhou, a typical bay city, as an example, we simulated the land use and landscape pattern change in 2030 based on multiple data sources (land use data, meteorological site data, topographic data and statistical data) using Logistic-CA-Markov coupling model to set natural scenarios, planning scenarios and protection scenarios.

Efficacy and Safety of Willis Covered Stent for Treatment of Complex Vascular Diseases of the Internal Carotid Artery.

Background: Willis covered stents are used in clinical practice for some complex cerebrovascular diseases. However, the performance of the Willis covered stent requires further investigation. In this study, we investigate the safety and efficacy of Willis covered stents for the treatment of complex vascular diseases of the internal carotid artery (ICA).

Theoretical Studies of Intracellular Concentration of Micro-organisms' Metabolites.

With the rapid growth of micro-organism metabolic networks, acquiring the intracellular concentration of microorganisms' metabolites accurately in large-batch is critical to the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology. Complementary to the experimental methods, computational methods were used as effective assessing tools for the studies of intracellular concentrations of metabolites. In this study, the dataset of 130 metabolites from E.

Endogenous cannabinoid system alterations and their role in epileptogenesis after brain injury in rat.

Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is one of the most common complications resulting from brain injury, however, antiepileptic drugs usually fail to prevent it. Several lines of evidence have demonstrated that the endogenous cannabinoid system (ECS) plays a pivotal role during epileptogenesis in several animal models. A recent study has shown that a cannabinoid type 1 (CB) receptor antagonist could suppress long-term neuron hyperexcitability after brain injury, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.

Identification and functional characterization of the NAC gene promoter from Populus euphratica.

The PeNAC1 promoter is a non-tissue-specific and stress-inducible promoter containing a GA-responsive element and a MYB recognition sequence that are responsible for induced expression patterns. NAC transcription factors play vital roles in complex signaling networks during plant stress responses. Promoters as crucial molecular switches are involved in the transcriptional regulation of gene activities dynamic network controlling a variety of biological processes, such as developmental processes, responses to hormone and abiotic stress.

[Identification of pearl powder using microscopic infrared reflectance spectroscopy].

Pearl is a precious ornament and traditional Chinese medicine, which application history in China is more than 2000 years. It is well known that the chemical ingredients of shell and pearl are very similar, which all of them including calcium carbonate and various amino acids. Generally, shell powders also can be used as medicine; however, its medicinal value is much lower than that of pearl powders.

[A late-type star spectra outlier data mining system].

In M star population, some special objects, which may be of magnetic activity, may be giant stars, or may be of other rare properties, are very important for the follow-up observation and the scientific research on galactic structure and evolution. For local bias of M-type star spectral characteristic lines contained in subspace, a late-type star spectra outlier data mining system is given in the present paper. Firstly, for the sample of M stellar spectral characteristic lines indices, its distribution characteristics in attribute spaces are measured by using the sparse factor and sparsity coefficient, and then this sample is discretized and dimension-reduced to the spectral subspace.

Differential expression of stromal aromatase in obese females is regulated by DNA methylation.

Obesity increases the incidence, progression and mortality of breast cancer among postmenopausal females. This is partly due to excessive estrogen production in the adipose tissue of obese females. Aromatase is a key enzyme in estrogen biosynthesis.

LIM protein JUB promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer.

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related death in almost all types of cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Metastasis is a complex, multistep, dynamic biological event, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process during the cascade. Ajuba family proteins are LIM domain-containing proteins and are reported to be transcription repressors regulating different kinds of physiological processes.

Mir-184 post-transcriptionally regulates SOX7 expression and promotes cell proliferation in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common human malignancies and the third leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. The development and progression of HCC is a complicated process, involving the deregulation of multiple genes that are essential to cell biological processes. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested to be closely associated with tumorigenesis.

One-step electrodeposition of graphene loaded nickel oxides nanoparticles for acetaminophen detection.

An electrochemical sensor of acetaminophen (AP) based on electrochemically reduced graphene (ERG) loaded nickel oxides (Ni2O3-NiO) nanoparticles coated onto glassy carbon electrode (ERG/Ni2O3-NiO/GCE) was prepared by a one-step electrodeposition process. The as-prepared electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. The electrocatalytic properties of ERG/Ni2O3-NiO modified glassy carbon electrode toward the oxidation of acetaminophen were analyzed via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV).

[Automatic classification method of star spectrum data based on classification pattern tree].

Frequent pattern, frequently appearing in the data set, plays an important role in data mining. For the stellar spectrum classification tasks, a classification rule mining method based on classification pattern tree is presented on the basis of frequent pattern. The procedures can be shown as follows.

[An abnormal characteristic line mining method of celestial spectrum based on attribute weight and w(k)-distance].

Outlier mining is one of the effective methods to find the abnormal celestial spectrum data, and is also one of effective ways to discover the special and unknown celestial bodies. In the present paper, an abnormal characteristic line mining method of celestial spectrum is presented based on the attribute weight and w(k)-distance by using the idea of information entropy. Based on it, an abnormal characteristic line mining system of celestial spectrum was designed and implemented.

Upregulation of CPE promotes cell proliferation and tumorigenicity in colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and a leading cause of cancer related death. Although the mortality rate of CRC is decreasing, finding novel targets for its therapy remains urgent. Carboxypeptidase E (CPE), a member of the pro-protein convertases, which are involved in the maturation of protein precursors, has recently been reported as elevated in many types of cancer.

Glomus tumor of uncertain malignant potential arising in the bronchus.

Glomus tumor is usually a small, benign tumor and typically occurs in the dermis or subcutis or soft tissue of the extremities and rarely in the visceral locations. Its occurrence in the main bronchus is extremely rare. The current case reported a 30-year-old woman with dyspnea on exertion and hemoptysis, she had a glomus tumor which has large size, deep location and exhibits an infiltrative margin as well as increased atypical mitotic figures.