Two new saponins from the rhizomes of Franch.

The phytochemical investigation on the rhizomes of Franch. resulted in the discovery and characterisation of six compounds, including two new saponins named parisyunnanosides M-N (-), and four known ones (-). The structures of isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic data analysis and chemical methods.

Two previously undescribed cholestanol saponins from the rhizomes of Paris fargesii var. petiolata.

Two previously undescribed cholestanol saponins, parpetiosides F - G (1-2), and six known analogs (3-8) were isolated from the rhizomes of Paris fargesii var. petiolata. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic data analysis and chemical methods.

Cytotoxic Steroidal Saponins Containing a Rare Fructosyl from the Rhizomes of var. .

A phytochemical investigation of the steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of var. led to the discovery and characterization of three new spirostanol saponins, papolatiosides A-C (-), and nine known compounds (-). Their structures were established via extensive spectroscopic data analysis and chemical methods.

New steroidal saponins from the roots of .

Four new polyhydroxylated steroidal saponins, parisverticillatosides A-D (-), together with four known spirostanol saponins () were isolated from the roots of . Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidences. The discovery of the new compounds - extended the diversity and complexity of this spirostanol saponin family.

Cytotoxic steroidal saponins from the rhizomes of Paris fargesii var. Petiolata.

Phytochemical investigation on the rhizomes of Paris fargesii var. petiolata (Baker ex C. H.

The alkaloids with neuroprotective effect from the root bark of .

The chemical constituent investigation on the root bark of leads to the isolation of a new -carboline alkaloid, 14(),15-dihydroxy-6-methoxy--carboline (), along with nine known alkaloids. The structure of new compound was elucidated on basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, especially two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques and the absolute configuration of C-14 was determined by ECD calculation. The neuroprotective effect of the isolated compounds on PC12 cells against the serum deprivation injury was evaluated by MTT method.

New triterpenoid saponins from the whole plants of Clematis heracleifolia.

Three new triterpenoid saponins, heracleifolianosides A-C (1-3), together with seven known compounds (4-10), were isolated from the whole plants of Clematis heracleifolia. Moreover, three new secondary saponins (1a, 2a and 3a), two known secondary metabolites (5a and 7a) were obtained by alkaline hydrolysis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidences.

CN-3 increases TMZ sensitivity and induces ROS-dependent apoptosis and autophagy in TMZ-resistance glioblastoma.

Many glioma patients develop resistance to temozolomide (TMZ) treatment, resulting in reduced efficacy and survival rates. TMZ-resistant cell lines SHG44R and U87R, which highly express O -methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and P-gp, were established. CN-3, a new asterosaponin, showed cytotoxic effects on TMZ-resistant cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.

A new sulfated triterpene glycoside from the sea cucumber Colochirus quadrangularis, and evaluation of its antifungal, antitumor and immunomodulatory activities.

Our continuing search for marine bioactive secondary metabolites led to the screening of crude extracts of sea cucumbers by the model of Pyricularia oryzae. A new sulfated triterpene glycoside, coloquadranoside A (1), together with four known triterpene glycosides, philinopside A, B, E and pentactaside B (2-5) were isolated from the sea cucumber Colochirus quadrangularis, and their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscope analysis (ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR) and chemical methods. Coloquadranoside A possesses a 16-acetyloxy group in the holostane-type triterpene aglycone with a 7(8)-double bond, a double bond (25,26) at its side chain, and two β-d-xylose in the carbohydrate chain.

CN-3 induces mitochondrial apoptosis in glioma via Ros-mediated PI3K/AKT pathway.

Recently we isolated CN-3, a new asterosaponin from starfish , and reported that asterosaponin arrests glioma cell cycle via SCUBE3. However, the multiple mechanisms underlying CN-3 anti-glioma action remains poorly known. Thus, the focus of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of CN-3 on human glioma cells and its underlying molecular mechanisms.

Two new polyhydroxylated steroidal glycosides from the starfish .

The chemical constituent investigation on the starfish resulted in the isolation of two new polyhydroxylated steroidal glycosides and two known ones. The new compounds were identified as (25)-3--(2--methyl--D-xylopyranosyl)-26--(-D-xylopyranosyl)-cholest-4-ene-3,6,7,8,15,16,26-heptaol () and (25)-3--(2--methyl--D-xylopyranosyl)-26--(-D-xylopyranosyl)-cholest-4,24(28)-diene-3,6,7,8,15,16,26-heptaol () and the known compounds were determined as linckosides I and H (-). The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic studies and chemical evidence.

Reduction of SCUBE3 by a new marine-derived asterosaponin leads to arrest of glioma cells in G1/S.

Many saponins are characterized as exhibiting a wide spectrum of antitumor activities at low concentrations. Most of the previous studies that aimed to understand the mechanisms underlying anticancer saponins have focused on numerous classical signaling pathways. However, at the oncogene level, little is known about the action of saponins, especially asterosaponin.

Review of bioactive secondary metabolites from marine bryozoans in the progress of new drugs discovery.

Marine bryozoans play an important role for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds among marine organisms. In this review, we summarize 164 new secondary metabolites including macrocyclic lactones, sterols, alkaloids, sphingolipids and so forth from 24 marine bryozoans in the last two decades. The structural features, bioactivity, structure-activity relationship, mechanism and strategies to address the resupply of these scarce secondary metabolites are discussed.

Triterpenoid Saponins from Anemone rivularis var. Flore-Minore and Their Anti-Proliferative Activity on HSC-T6 Cells.

Five previously undescribed triterpenoid saponins (-), along with eight known ones (-), were isolated from the whole plants of var. . Their structures were clarified by extensive spectroscopic data and chemical evidence.

New Cytotoxic Secondary Metabolites from Marine Bryozoan Cryptosula pallasiana.

A new sterol, (23)-methoxycholest-5,24-dien-3β-ol (), two new ceramides, (2,3,4,8)-2-(tetradecanoylamino)-4,8-octadecadien-l,3-diol () and (2,3,2',4,8)-2-(tetradecanoylamino)-4,8-octadecadien-l,3,2'-triol (), together with three known sterols (-), a lactone () and two ceramides (,), were isolated from the marine bryozoan , collected at Huang Island of China. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses, chemical methods and quantum electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Among the isolated compounds, sterol possessed a rare side chain with a methoxy group at C-23, and a double bond between C-24 and C-25.

Saponin 6 derived from Anemone taipaiensis induces U87 human malignant glioblastoma cell apoptosis via regulation of Fas and Bcl‑2 family proteins.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor, and is associated with a poor prognosis. Saponin 6, derived from Anemone taipaiensis, exerts potent cytotoxic effects against the human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell line and the human promyelocytic leukemia HL‑60 cell line; however, the effects of saponin 6 on glioblastoma remain unknown. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of saponin 6 on human U87 malignant glioblastoma (U87 MG) cells.

Two new triterpenoid saponins from the aerial parts of Anemone taipaiensis.

Phytochemical study on the aerial parts of Anemone taipaiensis for the first time led to the isolation of two new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins 1 and 2, together with four known saponins (3-6). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidences. Saponins 2-4 exhibited cytotoxicity against human glioblastoma U251MG cell line with IC50 values ranging from 1.

Proliferation of rat cardiac stem cells is induced by 2, 3, 5, 4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-D-glucoside in vitro.

Aim: To study the effects of 2, 3, 5, 4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-β-d-glucoside (THSG) on proliferation of rat cardiac stem cells (CSCs) in vitro.

Materials And Methods: C-kit(+) cells were isolated from neonatal (1 day old) Sprague-Dawley rats by using flow cytometry. Optimal THSG treatment times and doses for growth of CSCs were analyzed.

A novel pregnane-type alkaloid from Pachysandra terminalis inhibits methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and in vivo.

A new kind of pregnane-type alkaloid, 20α-dimethylamino-3β-senecioylamino-16β-hydroxy-pregn-5-ene (K-6), was isolated from Pachysandra terminalis Sieb. et Zucc., and its antibacterial activity against MRSA and MRSE was evaluated.

Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Clematis argentilucida and their cytotoxic activity.

The reinvestigation of the n-BuOH extract of the roots of Clematis argentilucida led to the isolation of four new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins, 1-4, four known saponins, 5-8, first isolated from the species, together with ten saponins, 9-18, reported in the preceding papers. The structures of saponins 1-8 were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidences. The cytotoxicity of all the saponins were evaluated against human tumor HL-60, HepG-2, and SGC-7901 cell lines.

Neritinaceramides A-E, new ceramides from the marine bryozoan Bugula neritina inhabiting South China Sea and their cytotoxicity.

Five new ceramides, neritinaceramides A (1), B (2), C (3), D (4) and E (5), together with six known ceramides (6-11), two known alkyl glycerylethers (12 and 13) and a known nucleoside (14), were isolated from marine bryozoan Bugula neritina, which inhabits the South China Sea. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated as (2S,3R,3'S,4E,8E,10E)-2-(hexadecanoylamino)-4,8,10-octadecatriene-l,3,3'-triol (1), (2S,3R,2'R,4E,8E,10E)-2-(hexadecanoylamino)-4,8,10-octadecatriene-l,3,2'-triol (2), (2S,3R,2'R,4E,8E,10E)-2-(octadecanoylamino)-4,8,10-octadecatriene-l,3,2'-triol (3), (2S,3R,3'S,4E,8E)-2-(hexadecanoylamino)-4,8-octadecadiene-l,3,3'-triol (4) and (2S,3R,3'S,4E)-2-(hexadecanoylamino)-4-octadecene-l,3,3'-triol (5) on the basis of extensive spectral analysis and chemical evidences. The characteristic C-3'S hydroxyl group in the fatty acid moiety in compounds 1, 4 and 5, was a novel structural feature of ceramides.

Bioactive oleanane-type saponins from the rhizomes of Anemone taipaiensis.

Investigation of the n-BuOH extract of the rhizomes of Anemone taipaiensis led to the isolation of five new oleanane-type triterpenoid saponins (1-5), together with seven known saponins (6-12). Their structures were determined by the extensive use of (1)D and (2)D NMR experiments along with ESIMS analyses and acid hydrolysis. The aglycone of 1, 2 and 4 was determined as siaresinolic acid, which was reported in this genus for the first time.

Triterpenoid saponins with anti-myocardial ischemia activity from the whole plants of Clematis tangutica.

Four new triterpenoid saponins named clematangosides A-D (1-4) along with six known saponins (5-10) were isolated from the whole plants of Clematis tangutica. Their structures were determined by extensive spectral analysis and chemical evidences. All saponins were evaluated for their protective effects in hypoxia-induced myocardial injury model.