Association of Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution With Cognitive Decline and Alzheimer's Disease-Related Amyloidosis.

Background: Air pollution induces neurotoxic reactions and may exert adverse effects on cognitive health. We aimed to investigate whether air pollutants accelerate cognitive decline and affect neurobiological signatures of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: We used a population-based cohort from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey with 31,573 participants and a 10-year follow-up (5878 cognitively unimpaired individuals in Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey followed for 5.

Impact of solar ultraviolet radiation on daily outpatient visits of atopic dermatitis in Shanghai, China.

The potential roles of solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) as an environmental risk factor in inducing atopic dermatitis (AD) have not been well quantified. To determine the short-term associations between UVR and AD outpatient visits, we obtained daily outpatient visits of AD in Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital from 2013 to 2018. Data of hourly ground UVR were collected.

Effects of short-term ambient air pollution exposure on HPV infections: A five-year hospital-based study.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are common sexually-transmitted diseases among reproductive-aged women with increasing concern. Until now, there are no prior study about the association between HPV infections and ambient air pollution. This study aimed to explore the relationship between short-term exposure to ambient pollutants and daily outpatient visits for HPV infections in China.

Unexpected association between increased levels of ambient carbon monoxide and reduced daily outpatient visits for vaginitis: A hospital-based study.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a well-known "toxic gas". It represents a toxic inhalation hazard at high concentration and is commonly found in polluted air. However, a series of recent studies have suggested that low concentration of CO can also produce protective functions.

Exploring the mechanisms of heat wave vulnerability at the urban scale based on the application of big data and artificial societies.

Rapid urbanisation has altered the vulnerability of urban areas to heat wave disasters. There is an urgent need to identify the factors underlying the effect of heat waves on human health and the areas that are most vulnerable to heat waves. In this study, we plan to integrate indices associated with heat wave vulnerability based on meteorological observation data, remote sensing data and point of interest (POI) data; analyse the influence of urbanisation on the urban vulnerability environment; and explore the relationship between the vulnerability environment and heat-wave-related mortality.

[Health Benefit Analyses of the Clean Air Action Plan Implementation in Shanghai].

To understand the public health benefits of the Clean Air Action Plan implemented in Shanghai from 2013-2017, the changes of the PM exposure levels and related health and economic benefits were quantitatively evaluated by using air quality numerical modeling, health risk assessment, and environmental valuation methods. The results show that the proportion of the population exposed to a mean annual PM concentration lower than or equal to 35 μg·m has increased from 1.62% in the base year to 34.

The association between short-term ambient air pollution and daily outpatient visits for schizophrenia: A hospital-based study.

Schizophrenia is a devastating neuropsychiatric disorder with increasing concern. Limited studies have been conducted to assess the relationship between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and schizophrenia attacks. This study aimed to investigate the associations between short-term air pollution exposure and schizophrenia outpatient visits based on a time-series study performed in China.

A Genetic Susceptibility Study of Lung Cancer Risk Potentially Associated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Inhalation Exposure.

To establish a genetic susceptibility assessment model of lung cancer risk potentially associated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) inhalation exposure among non-smokers in China, a total of 143 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and 143 cancer-free individuals were recruited. Sixty-eight genetic polymorphisms in 10 pathways related to PAH metabolism and tumorigenesis were selected and examined. It was observed that 3 genetic polymorphisms, along with 10 additional genetic polymorphisms via gene-gene interactions, significantly influenced lung cancer risk potentially associated with PAH inhalation exposure.

Effects of Prenatal PM Exposure on Fetal Cardiovascular Malformations in Fuzhou, China: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Background: Maternal exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with an increased risk of congenital heart defects in offspring; however, the results are inconsistent.

Objectives: We investigated whether there is an association between prenatal exposure to particulate matter with diameter ≤10μm (PM) during early pregnancy and fetal cardiovascular malformations.

Methods: The gravidae from a hospital-based case–control study in Fuzhou, China, during 2007–2013 were assigned 10-d or 1-mo averages of daily PM using an air monitor–based inverse distance weighting method during early pregnancy.

Correction: The Novel Relationship between Urban Air Pollution and Epilepsy: A Time Series Study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

The Novel Relationship between Urban Air Pollution and Epilepsy: A Time Series Study.

Background And Purpose: The data concerning the association between environmental pollution and epilepsy attacks are limited. The aim of this study was to explore the association between acute air pollution exposure and epilepsy attack.

Methods: A hospital record-based study was carried out in Xi'an, a heavily-polluted metropolis in China.

Ambient Temperature and the Risk of Preterm Birth in Guangzhou, China (2001-2011).

Background: Although effects of weather changes on human health have been widely reported, there is limited information regarding effects on pregnant women in developing countries.

Objective: We investigated the association between maternal exposure to ambient temperature and the risk of preterm birth (< 37 weeks of gestation) in Guangzhou, China.

Methods: We used a Cox proportional hazards model to estimate associations between preterm birth and average temperature during each week of gestation, with weekly temperature modeled as a time-varying exposure during four time windows: 1 week (the last week of the pregnancy), 4 weeks (the last 4 weeks of the pregnancy), late pregnancy (gestational week 20 onward), and the entire pregnancy.

Ambient temperature and outpatient visits for acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis in Shanghai: a time series analysis.

The association between ambient temperature and acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB) was still unknown. Therefore, we performed an epidemiological study in a large hospital of Shanghai to explore the relationship about temperature and outpatient visit for AECB. We adopted a quasi-Poisson generalized additive models and distributed lag nonlinear models to estimate the accumulative effects of temperature on AECB across multiple days.

Association between Ambient Air Pollution and Outpatient Visits for Acute Bronchitis in a Chinese City.

Objective: To investigate the short-term association between outdoor air pollution and outpatient visits for acute bronchitis, which is a rare subject of research in the mainland of China.

Methods: A time-series analysis was conducted to examine the association of outdoor air pollutants with hospital outpatient visits in Shanghai by using two-year daily data (2010-2011).

Results: Outdoor air pollution was found to be associated with an increased risk of outpatient visits for acute bronchitis in Shanghai.

Impact of temperature on mortality in three major Chinese cities.

Objective: To study the relation between temperature and mortality by estimating the temperature-related mortality in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou.

Methods: Data of daily mortality, weather and air pollution in the three cities were collected. A distributed lag nonlinear model was established and used in analyzing the effects of temperature on mortality.

Application of statistical distribution of PM10 concentration in air quality management in 5 representative cities of China.

Objective: To estimate the frequency of daily average PM10 concentrations exceeding the air quality standard (AQS) and the reduction of particulate matter emission to meet the AQS from the statistical properties (probability density functions) of air pollutant concentration.

Methods: The daily PM10 average concentration in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Wuhan, and Xi'an was measured from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2008. The PM10 concentration distribution was simulated by using the lognormal, Weibull and Gamma distributions and the best statistical distribution of PM10 concentration in the 5 cities was detected using to the maximum likelihood method.

Association between diurnal temperature range and respiratory tract infections.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between emergency-room visits for respiratory tract infection (RTI) with diurnal temperature range (DTR), a weather parameter closely associated with urbanization and global climate change.

Methods: We conducted a semiparametric time-series analysis to estimate the percentage increase in emergency-room visits for RTI associated with changes in DTR after adjustment for daily weather conditions (temperature and relative humidity) and outdoor air pollution.

Results: DTR was significantly associated with daily emergency-room visits for RTI.

[Distributed lag effects in the relationship between daily mean temperature and mortality in Shanghai].

Objective: To study the impact of daily mean temperature on mortality in Shanghai.

Methods: With data on daily mortality, meteorological and air pollution, we used a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) to assess the effects of daily mean temperature on deaths (caused by non-accidental, cardiovascular and respiratory) adjusted for both secular, seasonal trends and other confounders.

Results: A J-shaped relationship was found consistently between daily mean temperature and non-accidental, cardiovascular and respiratory deaths in Shanghai.

[The establishment and application of Shanghai air quality health index].

Objective: This work aimed to construct Shanghai air quality health index (SAQHI) and to grade the air quality in Shanghai.

Methods: Daily average concentrations of particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 micrometer (PM(10)), SO(2) and NO(2) from 2001 to 2008 in the central urban areas of Shanghai were collected from Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center. Contemporaneous data of daily average temperature and relative humidity were obtained from Shanghai Meteorological Bureau.