Follicle stimulating hormone controls granulosa cell glutamine synthesis to regulate ovulation.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading cause of anovulatory infertility. Inadequate understanding of the ovulation drivers hinders PCOS intervention. Herein, we report that follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) controls follicular fluid (FF) glutamine levels to determine ovulation.

ST6Gal-I predicts postoperative clinical outcome for patients with localized clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.

Hyperactivated α2-6-sialylation on N-glycans due to overexpression of the Golgi enzyme β-galactoside: α2-6- sialyltransferase (ST6Gal-I) often correlates with cancer progression, metastasis, and poor prognosis. This study was aimed to determine the association between ST6Gal-I expression and the risk of recurrence and survival of patients with localized clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) following surgery. We retrospectively enrolled 391 patients (265 in training cohort and 126 in validation cohort) with localized ccRCC underwent nephrectomy at a single center.

Decreased expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (Hnf4α)/microRNA-122 (miR-122) axis in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma enhances potential oncogenic GALNT10 protein activity.

MicroRNA-122 (miR-122), a mammalian liver-specific miRNA, has been reported to play crucial roles in the control of diverse aspects of hepatic function and dysfunction, including viral infection and hepatocarcinogenesis. In this study, we explored the clinical significance, transcriptional regulation, and direct target of miR-122 in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Reduced expression of miR-122 in patients with HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma was correlated with venous invasion and poor prognosis.

A novel functionalized silver nanoparticles solid chemosensor for detection of Hg(II) in aqueous media.

We report a simple strategy for the fabrication of a highly selective and sensitive Hg(II) chemosensor based on HMS-Ag composite functionalized rhodamine derivative (R). The prepared chemosensor HMS-Ag-R was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). HMS-Ag-R has both fluorescence and colorimetry performance, and it can realize onsite and real-time detection of Hg(II) with a high sensitivity (0.

Estrogen receptor α (ERα) mediates 17β-estradiol (E2)-activated expression of HBO1.

Background: HBO1 (histone acetyltransferase binding to ORC1) is a histone acetyltransferase (HAT) which could exert oncogenic function in breast cancer. However, the biological role and underlying mechanism of HBO1 in breast cancer remains largely unknown. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the role of HBO1 in breast cancer and uncover the underlying molecular mechanism.

[The role of hepatic stellate cells SSeCKS expression in liver fibrosis].

Objective: To investigate the change and effect of SSeCKS (src suppressed c kinase substrates) in the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs).

Methods: HSCs were isolated from normal rats, the change of SSeCKS mRNA expression on HSCs culture in vitro was determined using real-time PCR, protein level was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence methods. A rat model of liver fibrosis was established.

The expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) by the intrathecal injection of lipopolysaccharide in the rat spinal cord.

The proinflammatory and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducible cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has been shown to enhance primary sensory nociceptive signaling. However, the precise cellular site of TNF-alpha synthesis is still a matter of controversy. Therefore, we focused our study on TNF-alpha protein synthesis and expression patterns in spinal dorsal horn of naives and rats under intrathecal challenge with LPS.

Spatiotemporal expression of SSeCKS in injured rat sciatic nerve.

SSeCKS (src suppressed C kinase substrate) functions in the control of cell signaling and cytoskeletal arrangement. It is expressed in brain and spinal cord, but little is known about its expression in peripheral nerves. In this study, in rats, real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis showed that expression of SSeCKS in crushed sciatic nerve reached its highest level 6 hr after crushing, whereas in a transection model, SSeCKS peaked at 2 days in the proximal stump and 12 hr in the distal stump.

Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 predominantly enhanced in the microglia of the rat spinal cord following lipopolysaccharide injection.

The present study was initiated to investigate the role of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 signaling pathway in the early response of spinal cord to systemic inflammation by using Western blotting and immunohistochemical techniques in a rat model intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The results showed that there was a considerable amount of phosphorylated ERK 1/2 protein in the spinal cord of inflamed animals killed under pentobarbital anesthesia. The result of Western blotting showed that the phosphorylation level of ERK 1/2 in the spinal cord was increased at one hour; then 12 and 24 h after LPS injection the level decreased, while the total ERK 1/2 level seemed unchanged.

[Expression and correlation of Skp2 and p27(kip1) in 92 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

Objective: To investigate the expression and correlation of Skp2 and p27kipl in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Methods: The expression of Skp2, p27(kip1) and Ki-67 (the proliferation index)were detected in sections of 92 cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and 14 cases of reactive lymph nodes by immunohistochemistry and histopathology. The expression of Skp2 and p27(kip1) in 4 NHL cell lines were detected by Western blot.

Lipopolysaccharide-induced upregulation of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and TNF receptors in rat sciatic nerve.

The proinflammatory and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-inducible cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has been shown to enhance primary sensory nociceptive signaling. However, the precise cellular sites of TNF-alpha and TNF receptors synthesis are still a matter of controversy. Therefore, we focused our study on TNF-alpha, TNFR1, and TNFR2 protein synthesis and expression patterns in sciatic nerve of controls and rats under systemic challenge with LPS.

Src suppressed C kinase substrate regulates the lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha biosynthesis in rat astrocytes.

The protein kinase C (PKC) is known to be a critical component in the signaling cascades that lead to astrocyte-activation. To further understand the mechanism of PKC signaling in astrocyte-activation, we investigated the effect of SSeCKS, a PKC substrate, on LPS-induced cytokine expression in astrocytes by RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Exposure of the cells to LPS induced rapid translocation of SSeCKS to the perinuclear sides, ERK activation and pronounced TNF-alpha production, which can be inhibited by the PKC inhibitor Gö6983.

Developmental regulation of SSeCKS expression in rat brain.

SSeCKS (src suppressed C kinase substrate) was identified as a PKC substrate/PKC-binding protein, which plays a role in mitogenic regulatory activity and has a function in the control of cell signaling and cytoskeletal arrangement. Previous studies showed that expression of SSeCKS mRNA and protein levels were developmentally regulated in rat testis and the molecular might have some effects on the process of spermiogenesis. Here we carried out experiments to investigate the expression of SSeCKS in rat brain.

Changes of Src-suppressed C kinase substrate expression in cytokine induced reactive C6 glioma cells.

Objective: To investigate effect of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on the Src-suppressed C kinase substrate (SSeCKS) in C6 glioma cells.

Methods: Cultured C6 glioma cells were randomly divided into two groups. In time-dependent group, cells were cultured with TNF-alpha (2 ng/mL) for 0 h, 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 or 24 h, respectively; in dose-dependent group, cells were cultured with TNF-alpha (0 ng/mL, 0.

[Expression, localization and interrelationship of P27kip1 and cyclin D3 in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma].

Objective: To investigate the expression, localization and interrelationship of P27(kip1) and cyclin D3 in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL).

Methods: The expressions of P27(kip1), cyclin D3 and index Ki-67 was detected in 100 NHL and 20 reactive lymph nodes by immunohistochemical technique. The expression and localization of P27(kip1) and cyclin D3 in 3 NHL cell lines were detected by Western blot, double immunolabelling and laser scanning confocal microscopy, respectively.